Michael Chang

Michael Te-Pei Chang (born February 22, 1972) is an American retired professional tennis player. He is the youngest male player in history to win a Grand Slam, winning the 1989 French Open at 17 years and 95 days old.[3] Chang won a total of 34 top-level professional singles titles, was a three-time Grand Slam runner-up, and reached a career-best ranking of world No. 2 in 1996. Since he was shorter than virtually all of his opponents, he played a dogged defensive style utilizing his quickness and speed.

This article is about the US former tennis player. For the Anglican Bishop of Fukien, see Michael Chang (bishop). For the Glee character, see Mike Chang.

This is a Chinese name; the family name is Chang.
Michael Chang
Chang in 1994
Country (sports) United States
ResidenceOrange County, California, USA
Born (1972-02-22) February 22, 1972
Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
Height5 ft 9 in (175 cm)
Turned pro1988 (amateur tour from 1987)
Retired2003
PlaysRight-handed (two-handed backhand)
CoachJosé Higueras (1989)[1]
Carl Chang (1992–2003)[2]
Prize moneyUS$19,145,632
Int. Tennis HoF2008 (member page)
Official websitemchang.com
Singles
Career record662–312 (68.0% in ATP and Grand Prix & Grand Slam level & Davis Cup)
Career titles34
Highest rankingNo. 2 (September 9, 1996)
Grand Slam Singles results
Australian OpenF (1996)
French OpenW (1989)
WimbledonQF (1994)
US OpenF (1996)
Other tournaments
Tour FinalsF (1995)
Grand Slam CupF (1991, 1992)
Olympic Games2R (1992)
Doubles
Career record11–33 (25.0% in ATP and Grand Prix & Grand Slam level & Davis Cup)
Career titles0
Highest rankingNo. 199 (April 19, 1993)
Team competitions
Davis CupW (1990)
Coaching career
Last updated on: July 5, 2014.
Michael Chang
Traditional Chinese張德培
Simplified Chinese张德培

In 2008, Chang was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame.[4] He has coached Kei Nishikori since 2014.[5]

Early life

Michael Chang was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1972 to Joe Chang (張洪笙) and Betty (董良因, née Tung). Betty and Joe moved from Taiwan to the US in 1959 and 1966 respectively, and met after being introduced by a mutual friend. Betty was born in Delhi, India, the daughter of Hakka ancestry, Michael Tung (董宗山), then serving as diplomat of The Republic of China to India, who then served in the Legislative Yuan and was an ambassador to Cambodia, Dominican Republic and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, among other diplomatic posts in 1960s to 1980s. Joe was born in Chaozhou, China, and moved to Taiwan at age seven. Michael's Chinese name (simplified Chinese: 张德培; traditional Chinese: 張德培; pinyin: Zhāng Dépéi) was chosen by Joe, and his English name by Betty (who named him after her father).

After moving from Hoboken, New Jersey, to St. Paul, Minnesota, where Michael learned tennis, the Changs moved first to Placentia, California, and then Encinitas, California, to increase the tennis opportunities for Michael and his older brother, Carl. Betty quit her job as a chemist to travel with Chang on the tour.[6] After rising to #163 in the world as a 15-year-old amateur, Chang dropped out of tenth grade at San Dieguito High School in Encinitas after passing his GED in February 1988 in order to pursue a professional tennis career.

Chang also attended the master's in ministry program at Biola University in La Mirada, California, for a year and a half. He serves on Biola's Board of Trustees.[7]

Tennis career

Chang first came to the tennis world's attention as an outstanding junior player who set numerous "youngest-ever" records. He won his first national title, the USTA Junior Hard Court singles, at the age of 12. Aged 13, he won the Fiesta Bowl 16s. Two years later, aged 15, Chang won the USTA Boys 18s Hardcourts and the Boys 18s Nationals, and became the youngest player to win a main draw match at the US Open when he defeated Paul McNamee in four sets in the first round. A month later he reached the semifinals at Scottsdale, Arizona to become the youngest player to reach the semifinal stage of a top-level professional tournament. He won his first top-level singles title in 1988 at San Francisco, aged 16 years and 7 months.

Chang's most significant youngest-ever record came in 1989 when he won the French Open at the age of 17 years, 110 days, to become the youngest male player ever to win a Grand Slam title. He defeated Stefan Edberg in a five-set final, 6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2. His victory is equally remembered for an epic five-set encounter with Ivan Lendl in the fourth round (see below). Chang became the first American man to win the French Open since 1955, and the first American man to win a Grand Slam since 1984. And in August 1989, Chang became the youngest player to be ranked in the world's top 5.

Chang met Edberg in the semifinals of the US Open in 1992, this time Edberg winning in a five-set encounter, 6–7, 7–5, 7–6, 5–7, 6–4. The 5-hour, 26-minute match is the longest in US Open history. Chang reached three further Grand Slam finals after his 1989 French Open triumph, losing the 1995 French Open final to Thomas Muster, the 1996 Australian Open final to Boris Becker, and the 1996 US Open final to Pete Sampras. In the 1995 French Open, he defeated Michael Stich and then two-time defending champion Sergi Bruguera in the semifinals in straight sets, eventually losing to Muster. In both the 1996 Australian and U.S. Opens, he defeated Andre Agassi in the semifinals in straight sets; a win over Sampras at the U.S. Open would have made Chang the no. 1 player in the world. In the 1997 U.S. Open, he was the odds-on favorite to win after Sampras was upset by Petr Korda; however, Chang lost to eventual champion Patrick Rafter in the semifinals in straight sets.

Chang was a key member of the US team which won the Davis Cup in 1990. In the semifinals at Austria, his dramatic comeback from two-sets down against Horst Skoff, 3–6, 6–7, 6–4, 6–4, 6–3, led the US into its first Davis Cup final since 1984.[8] Chang went on to defeat Darren Cahill in straight sets, as the US defeated Australia in the final. He was also on the US team which won the World Team Cup in 1993. His best performance in the year-end singles championship came in 1995, when he defeated Muster, Jim Courier, and then dominated Pete Sampras in the semifinals, before losing in the final to Boris Becker.

Chang represented the US in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, reaching the second round before being eliminated by Jaime Oncins. He chose to skip the 1996 Summer Olympics despite the fact that the event was held in Atlanta and that he would have been the tournament's number-one seed (the singles' gold medal was won by Andre Agassi). Chang participated in the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where he was eliminated in the first round by Sébastien Lareau.

Chang was introduced to tennis by his father Joe, who was his first coach. During his rise in 1989 (including his French Open title), he was coached by José Higueras. For much of his professional career, he was coached by his older brother Carl Chang, who also played in several doubles tournaments with him in the early-1990s. He was the first player to be beaten by Roger Federer in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament, at the 2000 Australian Open.[9] He was also the second player to be beaten by Andy Roddick in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament, in the second round of the French Open in 2001.[10]

Chang retired from the professional tour in 2003. During his career, he won a total of 34 top-level professional singles titles. His final top-level title was won in 2000 at Los Angeles. His total career prize-money earnings was US$19,145,632. His career-high singles ranking was world no. 2 in 1996, following his US Open finals performance. He was a year-end top-ten player for six consecutive years in the 1990s (1992–1997), a feat matched in the decade only by Pete Sampras. He is one of a few players to win ATP titles in three different decades. His three Indian Wells Masters titles was an ATP record which stood for 15 years, before being eclipsed by Roger Federer in 2012.

Since retiring from the top-level game, Chang has joined Jim Courier's senior tour, which began on March 10, 2006, in Naples, Florida.

Chang became Kei Nishikori's coach in 2014.

1989 French Open match vs Ivan Lendl

Chang's most famous match took place at the 1989 French Open, on the way to winning his only Grand Slam singles title. Chang defeated Eduardo Masso, Pete Sampras and Francisco Roig, dropping only one set, in reaching the fourth round. There, Chang faced World No. 1, reigning Australian Open champion, and three-time former French Open champion Ivan Lendl.

In 1988, Chang had been easily beaten by Lendl in an exhibition match held in Des Moines, Iowa. After the match, Lendl advised Chang, "First off, you’ve got no serve. And you’ve certainly got no second serve. You can’t hurt me. You can run but you better develop a weapon to survive out here", all weaknesses that Chang worked to improve on.[11]

Lendl appeared to be on the way to victory after taking the first two sets 6–4, 6–4, and then breaking Chang's serve in his opening service game of the third set. However, Chang broke back immediately and went on to claim the third set, 6–3. During the fourth set, Chang experienced a severe attack of leg cramps, and though he won the set to level the match, he considered retiring from the match while up 2–1 in the fifth set. He later said that he felt "an unbelievable conviction in my heart" not to give up, and decided to finish the match.[12][13]

Chang paced the sidelines during changeovers as he risked not being able to get up if he sat down, and ate bananas and drank water at every opportunity. He also adopted some unusual tactics in an attempt to overcome his cramps such as hitting the ball high into the air on many points to slow the game down (known as "moon balls"), and began to go for more winners in order to shorten the points.[14] The success of these tactics caused Lendl, known to be one of the least easily fazed players, to lose his rhythm and also prompted him to swear at the umpire and the crowd, especially after losing a key point in the fifth set when Chang shocked him by delivering an under-arm serve.[15]

Chang continued to suffer from cramps, but managed to take a 5–3 lead in the fifth set with two match points on Lendl's serve. Aiming to break Lendl's concentration one more time, Chang stood just behind the service line while waiting to receive Lendl's second serve. The crowd started laughing at the bizarre situation and Lendl seemed to think everyone was mocking him. The tactic worked, as Lendl produced a double-fault to give Chang the victory, 4–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–3, in 4 hours and 37 minutes. Chang sank to his knees and broke down in tears at the conclusion of the match.

Lendl afterwards remarked on his loss to Chang, "Lots of times a lesser player could beat me and not back it up. You’d have to say he was a lesser player then, but Michael backed it up."[16]

Seven days later, after beating Stefan Edberg in five sets, Chang went on to lift the Coupe des Mousquetaires, becoming the youngest men's champion in Grand Slam history.[17][18] The match was played on June 5, 1989 just one day after the height of the Tiananmen Square Massacre. Chang has frequently noted the impact of the massacre when recalling his French Open victory:

"A lot of people forget that Tiananmen Square was going on. The crackdown that happened was on the middle Sunday at the French Open, so if I was not practicing or playing a match, I was glued to the television, watching the events unfold...I often tell people I think it was God's purpose for me to be able to win the French Open the way it was won because I was able to put a smile on Chinese people's faces around the world at a time when there wasn't much to smile about."[19]

Chang would defeat Lendl again in near-duplicate fashion, 2–6, 4–6, 6–4, 7–6 (7-5), 9–7 in a 4-hour, 42-minute semifinal at the Grand Slam Cup 2½ years later on December 14, 1991.[20]

Business ventures

Chang and his family established CMCB Enterprises, which has real estate holdings including shopping malls, in California, Texas, Arizona and Colorado. In 2003, they bought Dunton Realty Co., a retail brokerage and property management company,[21] and changed its name to Dunton Commercial Real Estate Co.[22] In 2004, they bought SullivanHayes Cos., a retail real estate company in Denver.[23] It was chosen by Denver International Airport to develop a new 17-acre retail project along Peña Boulevard, the airport's main artery.[24]

Equipment and endorsements

Chang signed a multimillion-dollar endorsement deal with Reebok in 1988;[25] he wore Reebok apparel and Reebok Court Victory Pumps shoes[26] during his tennis career[27] and used Prince rackets on court.[28] He started using the Prince "Precision Michael Chang Graphite" 28-inch signature racket in 1994, which was an inch longer than the standard model.[29]

Chang signed endorsement deals with Nissin Foods noodles in 1989,[30] Panasonic[31] and Longines in the 1990s,[32] Cathay Pacific Airlines in 1990,[33] Bristol-Myers Squibb promoting Nuprin in 1991,[34] Stelux watches in 1993,[35] Discover Card in 1996,[36] Tiger Balm,[37] Procter & Gamble (endorsing P&G's Rejoice Shampoo),[38] Eveready Battery Company (endorsing Eveready Alkaline batteries),[38] and Yale locks.[25] In 1997, he signed a multi-year contract to endorse Watch Reebok, a collection of sports watches. A limited edition Michael Chang signature watch was released at Christmas.[39]

Public image

Chang's success marked the start of an era in which a new generation of American players—which also included Pete Sampras, Jim Courier, and Andre Agassi—would come to dominate the game.[17]

Charity work

Chang served as Chairman of ATP Tour Charities in 1994. He has supported grassroots tennis development in Asia through his Stars of the Future program in Hong Kong and the Reebok Challenge across Asia. He was one of five athletes named in the second annual "Most Caring Athlete" list by USA Today Weekend in 1995. In 1997, he was given one of seven Asian-American leadership awards by A Magazine for his status as a role model for Asian-American youth. He has also served as a national spokesman for the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation in the US.

In 2001, Chang served as a goodwill ambassador for the 2008 Beijing Olympic bid committee.

In 2002, he published a book about his career, Holding Serve: Persevering On and Off the Court.

Personal life

On October 18, 2008, Chang married Amber Liu, also a professional tennis player.[40][41] They have two daughters.[42][43]

Awards and recognition
  • Chang won the ATP Newcomer of the Year award in 1988.
  • Chang was awarded ATP Most Improved Player in 1989.

Significant finals

Grand Slam finals

Singles: 4 (1–3)
Outcome Year Championship Surface Opponent Score
Winner1989French OpenClay Stefan Edberg6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2
Runner-up1995French OpenClay Thomas Muster5–7, 2–6, 4–6
Runner-up1996Australian OpenHard Boris Becker2–6, 4–6, 6–2, 2–6
Runner-up1996US OpenHard Pete Sampras1–6, 4–6, 6–7(3–7)

Year-End Championships finals

Singles: 1 (0–1)
Outcome Year Championship Surface Opponent Score
Runner-up 1995 Frankfurt Carpet Boris Becker 6–7(3–7), 0–6, 6–7(5–7)

Masters Series finals

Singles: 9 (7–2)
Outcome Year Championship Surface Opponent Score
Winner 1990 Canada (Toronto) Hard Jay Berger 4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–2)
Winner 1992 Indian Wells Hard Andrei Chesnokov 6–3, 6–4, 7–5
Winner 1992 Miami Hard Alberto Mancini 7–5, 7–5
Winner 1993 Cincinnati Hard Stefan Edberg 7–5, 0–6, 6–4
Winner 1994 Cincinnati Hard Stefan Edberg 6–2, 7–5
Runner-up 1995 Cincinnati Hard Andre Agassi 5–7, 2–6
Winner 1996 Indian Wells Hard Paul Haarhuis 7–5, 6–1, 6–1
Runner-up 1996 Cincinnati Hard Andre Agassi 6–7(4–7), 4–6
Winner 1997 Indian Wells Hard Bohdan Ulihrach 4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–3

ATP career finals

Singles: 58 (34 wins, 24 runners-up)
Legend
Grand Slam (1–3)
Year-End Championships (0–1)
ATP Masters Series (7–2)
ATP Championship Series (5–4)
ATP World Series / Grand Prix (21–12)
Finals by surface
Hard (21–15)
Clay (4–2)
Grass (0–0)
Carpet (9–7)
Finals by setting
Outdoors (22–14)
Indoors (12–10)
Result No. Date Tournament Surface Opponent Score
Win 1. Sep 1988 San Francisco, US Carpet (i) Johan Kriek 6–2, 6–3
Win 2. May 1989 French Open, Paris Clay Stefan Edberg 6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2
Loss 1. Sep 1989 Los Angeles, US Hard Aaron Krickstein 6–2, 4–6, 2–6
Win 3. Nov 1989 Wembley, UK Carpet (i) Guy Forget 6–2, 6–1, 6–1
Win 4. Jul 1990 Toronto, Canada Hard Jay Berger 4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–2)
Loss 2. Jul 1990 Los Angeles, US Hard Stefan Edberg 6–7(4–7), 6–2, 6–7(3–7)
Loss 3. Nov 1990 Wembley, UK Carpet (i) Jakob Hlasek 6–7(7–9), 3–6
Win 5. Nov 1991 Birmingham, UK Carpet (i) Guillaume Raoux 6–3, 6–2
Loss 4. Dec 1991 Grand Slam Cup, Munich Carpet (i) David Wheaton 5–7, 2–6, 4–6
Win 6. Feb 1992 San Francisco, US Hard (i) Jim Courier 6–3, 6–3
Win 7. Mar 1992 Indian Wells, US Hard Andrei Chesnokov 6–3, 6–4, 7–5
Win 8. Mar 1992 Miami, US Hard Alberto Mancini 7–5, 7–5
Loss 5. Apr 1992 Hong Kong, UK Hard Jim Courier 5–7, 3–6
Loss 6. Dec 1992 Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany Carpet (i) Michael Stich 2–6, 3–6, 2–6
Win 9. Jan 1993 Jakarta, Indonesia Hard Carl-Uwe Steeb 2–6, 6–2, 6–1
Win 10. Mar 1993 Osaka, Japan Hard Amos Mansdorf 6–4, 6–4
Loss 7. Aug 1993 Los Angeles, US Hard Richard Krajicek 6–0, 6–7(3–7), 6–7(5–7)
Win 11. Aug 1993 Cincinnati, US Hard Stefan Edberg 7–5, 0–6, 6–4
Loss 8. Aug 1993 Long Island, US Hard Marc Rosset 4–6, 6–3, 1–6
Win 12. Sep 1993 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Hard (i) Jonas Svensson 6–0, 6–4
Win 13. Oct 1993 Beijing, China Carpet (i) Greg Rusedski 7–6(7–5), 6–7(6–8), 6–4
Win 14. Jan 1994 Jakarta, Indonesia Hard David Rikl 6–3, 6–3
Loss 9. Jan 1994 San Jose, US Hard (i) Renzo Furlan 6–3, 3–6, 5–7
Win 15. Feb 1994 Philadelphia, US Carpet (i) Paul Haarhuis 6–3, 6–2
Loss 10. Apr 1994 Tokyo, Japan Hard Pete Sampras 4–6, 2–6
Win 16. Apr 1994 Hong Kong, UK Hard Patrick Rafter 6–1, 6–3
Win 17. Apr 1994 Atlanta, US Clay Todd Martin 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4), 6–0
Win 18. Aug 1994 Cincinnati, US Hard Stefan Edberg 6–2, 7–5
Loss 11. Oct 1994 Tokyo, Japan Carpet (i) Goran Ivanišević 4–6, 4–6
Win 19. Oct 1994 Beijing, China Carpet (i) Anders Järryd 7–5, 7–5
Loss 12. Feb 1995 San Jose, US Hard (i) Andre Agassi 2–6, 6–1, 3–6
Loss 13. Feb 1995 Philadelphia, US Carpet (i) Thomas Enqvist 6–0, 4–6, 0–6
Win 20. Apr 1995 Hong Kong, UK Hard Jonas Björkman 6–3, 6–1
Win 21. May 1995 Atlanta, US Clay Andre Agassi 6–2, 6–7(6–8), 6–4
Loss 14. May 1995 French Open, Paris, France Clay Thomas Muster 5–7, 2–6, 4–6
Loss 15. Aug 1995 Cincinnati, US Hard Andre Agassi 5–7, 2–6
Win 22. Oct 1995 Tokyo, Japan Carpet (i) Mark Philippoussis 6–3, 6–4
Win 23. Oct 1995 Beijing, China Carpet (i) Renzo Furlan 7–5, 6–3
Loss 16. Nov 1995 Tennis Masters Cup, Hannover Carpet (i) Boris Becker 6–7(3–7), 0–6, 6–7(5–7)
Loss 17. Jan 1996 Australian Open, Melbourne Hard Boris Becker 2–6, 4–6, 6–2, 2–6
Win 24. Mar 1996 Indian Wells, US Hard Paul Haarhuis 7–5, 6–1, 6–1
Loss 18. Apr 1996 Hong Kong, UK Hard Pete Sampras 4–6, 6–3, 4–6
Win 25. Jul 1996 Washington, D.C., US Hard Wayne Ferreira 6–2, 6–4
Win 26. Jul 1996 Los Angeles, US Hard Richard Krajicek 6–4, 6–3
Loss 19. Aug 1996 Cincinnati, US Hard Andre Agassi 6–7(4–7), 4–6
Loss 20. Aug 1996 US Open, New York City Hard Pete Sampras 1–6, 4–6, 6–7(3–7)
Loss 21. Sep 1996 Singapore Carpet (i) Jonathan Stark 4–6, 4–6
Win 27. Febr 1997 Memphis, US Hard (i) Todd Woodbridge 6–3, 6–4
Win 28. Mar 1997 Indian Wells, US Hard Bohdan Ulihrach 4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–3
Win 29. Apr 1997 Hong Kong, UK Hard Patrick Rafter 6–3, 6–3
Win 30. Apr 1997 Orlando, US Clay Grant Stafford 4–6, 6–2, 6–1
Win 31. Jul 1997 Washington, D.C., US Hard Petr Korda 5–7, 6–2, 6–1
Loss 22. Feb 1998 Memphis, US Hard (i) Mark Philippoussis 3–6, 2–6
Loss 23. Apr 1998 Orlando, US Clay Jim Courier 5–7, 6–3, 5–7
Win 32. Aug 1998 Boston, US Hard Paul Haarhuis 6–3, 6–4
Win 33. Oct 1998 Shanghai, China Carpet (i) Goran Ivanišević 4–6, 6–1, 6–2
Loss 24. Jan 2000 Auckland, New Zealand Hard Magnus Norman 6–3, 3–6, 5–7
Win 34. Jul 2000 Los Angeles, US Hard Jan-Michael Gambill 6–7(2–7), 6–3, ret.

Singles performance timeline
Tournament19871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003W–LSR
Grand Slam tournaments
Australian Open A A A A A 3R 2R A SF F SF 2R 2R 1R 1R 1R A 21–10 0 / 10
French Open A 3R W QF QF 3R 2R 3R F 3R 4R 3R 1R 3R 2R 1R 1R 38–15 1 / 16
Wimbledon A 2R 4R 4R 1R 1R 3R QF 2R 1R 1R 2R A 2R 2R 2R A 18–14 0 / 14
US Open 2R 4R 4R 3R 4R SF QF 4R QF F SF 2R 2R 2R 1R 2R 1R 43–17 0 / 17
Win–Loss 1–1 6–3 13–2 9–3 7–3 9–4 8–4 9–3 16–4 14–4 13–4 5–4 2–3 4–4 2–4 2–4 0–2 120–56 1 / 57
Olympic Games
Summer Olympics NH A Not Held 2R Not Held A Not Held 1R Not Held 1–2 0 / 2
Year-End Championship
Tennis Masters Cup DNQ RR DNQ RR RR RR F RR RR Did Not Qualify 7–16 0 / 7
Grand Slam Cup DNQ SF F F QF QF 1R Did Not Qualify Not Held 10–6 0 / 5
ATP Masters Series
Indian Wells Masters A 1R QF A QF W SF 3R 3R W W A 1R 2R 1R 1R 1R 28–11 3 / 14
Miami Masters A A A A 3R W 1R 3R 2R QF 2R A 1R 2R 2R 1R 2R 18–11 1 / 12
Monte Carlo Masters A A A A A A A A A 1R A A A 1R 1R A A 0–3 0 / 3
Rome Masters A A A 1R A QF SF 2R QF A 1R QF 2R 2R 2R A A 17–10 0 / 10
Hamburg Masters A A A 1R A 2R 1R A A A A 2R 1R 1R 2R A A 3–7 0 / 7
Canada Masters A A A W 1R A 3R 3R QF A SF A 3R 2R 1R A A 15–8 1 / 9
Cincinnati Masters A QF QF QF 3R SF W W F F SF 2R QF 1R 2R 3R 1R 41–14 2 / 16
Stockholm Masters (Essen)(Stuttgart) A A A 3R A A A 2R 2R SF 2R 1R 2R QF A A A 9–8 0 / 8
Paris Masters A A QF 1R SF 2R 3R SF QF 3R 2R 1R SF 3R A A A 18–12 0 / 12
Runners-up 0 0 1 2 1 2 2 3 5 5 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 24
Titles 0 1 2 1 1 3 5 6 4 3 5 2 0 1 0 0 0 34
Overall win-loss 4–4 23–13 47–17 36–21 47–20 57–23 66–21 66–21 65–19 65–19 57–21 35–17 30–22 42–26 16–21 7–16 2–10 662–312
Year end ranking 163 30 5 15 15 6 8 6 5 2 3 29 50 32 94 124 383

Top 10 wins
Season19871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003Total
Wins0032465867512101051
# Player Rank Event Surface Rd Score Chang
rank
1989
1. Stefan Edberg 5 Indian Wells, United States Hard 3R 6–3, 6–2 25
2. Ivan Lendl 1 French Open, Paris, France Clay 4R 4–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–3 19
3. Stefan Edberg 3 French Open, Paris, France Clay F 6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2 19
1990
4. Andre Agassi 4 Toronto, Canada Hard QF 4–6, 7–5, 7–5 24
5. Stefan Edberg 1 Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany Carpet (i) 1R 6–4, 4–6, 7–5 15
1991
6. Guy Forget 7 French Open, Paris, France Clay 4R 6–1, 6–1, 4–6, 6–3 10
7. Stefan Edberg 1 Paris, France Carpet (i) 3R 2–6, 6–1, 6–4 21
8. Jim Courier 2 Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany Carpet (i) 1R 6–4, 6–2 15
9. Ivan Lendl 5 Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany Carpet (i) SF 2–6, 4–6, 6–4, 7–6(7–5), 9–7 15
1992
10. Jim Courier 2 San Francisco, United States Hard (i) F 6–3, 6–3 16
11. Pete Sampras 4 Miami, United States Hard QF 6–4, 7–6(7–4) 9
12. Jim Courier 1 Miami, United States Hard SF 6–2, 6–4 9
13. Andre Agassi 9 Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany Carpet (i) 1R 6–4, 6–2 6
14. Petr Korda 7 Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany Carpet (i) QF 6–3, 6–4 6
15. Goran Ivanišević 4 Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany Carpet (i) SF 6–7(3–7), 6–2, 6–4, 3–6, 6–3 6
1993
16. Petr Korda 6 Indian Wells, United States Hard QF 6–1, 6–3 5
17. Stefan Edberg 3 Cincinnati, United States Hard F 7–5, 0–6, 6–4 9
18. Sergi Bruguera 5 Long Island, United States Hard QF 3–6, 6–1, 6–2 7
19. Stefan Edberg 3 Long Island, United States Hard SF 6–1, 6–2 7
20. Jim Courier 2 ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany Carpet (i) RR 6–4, 6–0 7
1994
21. Jim Courier 3 Philadelphia, United States Carpet (i) SF 7–6(8–6), 6–2 9
22. Todd Martin 9 Atlanta, United States Clay F 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4), 6–0 7
23. Sergi Bruguera 4 Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom Grass 4R 6–4, 7–6(9–7), 6–0 8
24. Stefan Edberg 4 Cincinnati, United States Hard F 6–2, 7–5 7
25. Todd Martin 7 Tokyo, Japan Carpet (i) QF 6–3, 7–6(8–6) 9
26. Goran Ivanišević 2 Paris, France Carpet (i) QF 3–6, 6–4, 7–6(7–4) 9
27. Alberto Berasategui 7 ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany Carpet (i) RR 6–1, 6–0 6
28. Alberto Berasategui 8 Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany Carpet (i) 1R 6–1, 7–5 6
1995
29. Andre Agassi 1 Atlanta, United States Clay F 6–2, 6–7(6–8), 6–4 6
30. Sergi Bruguera 7 French Open, Paris, France Clay SF 6–4, 7–6(7–5), 7–6(7–0) 6
31. Michael Stich 8 Cincinnati, United States Hard SF 4–6, 6–2, 7–6(7–5) 5
32. Thomas Muster 3 ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany Carpet (i) RR 4–6, 6–2, 6–3 4
33. Jim Courier 7 ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany Carpet (i) RR 6–2, 7–5 4
34. Pete Sampras 1 ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany Carpet (i) SF 6–4, 6–4 4
1996
35. Andre Agassi 2 Australian Open, Melbourne, Australia Hard SF 6–1, 6–4, 7–6(7–1) 5
36. Andre Agassi 3 Indian Wells, United States Hard QF 6–7(3–7), 6–2, 6–1 5
37. Richard Krajicek 8 Los Angeles, United States Hard F 6–4, 6–3 3
38. Goran Ivanišević 6 Cincinnati, United States Hard QF 6–3, 7–5 3
39. Andre Agassi 9 US Open, New York, United States Hard SF 6–3, 6–2, 6–2 3
40. Marcelo Ríos 10 Stuttgart, Germany Carpet (i) QF 6–4, 6–3 2
41. Goran Ivanišević 4 ATP Tour World Championships, Hanover, Germany Carpet (i) RR 6–7(8–10), 7–6(7–5), 6–1 2
1997
42. Thomas Muster 2 Indian Wells, United States Hard SF 6–1, 7–6(7–1) 3
43. Gustavo Kuerten 10 Cincinnati, United States Hard QF 6–1, 6–2 2
44. Marcelo Ríos 10 US Open, New York, United States Hard QF 7–5, 6–2, 4–6, 4–6, 6–3 2
45. Pat Rafter 3 Davis Cup, Washington, D.C., United States Hard RR 6–4, 1–6, 6–3, 6–4 2
46. Sergi Bruguera 8 ATP Tour World Championships, Hanover, Germany Hard RR 7–6(10–8), 6–2 2
1998
47. Pete Sampras 1 Rome, Italy Clay 3R 6–2, 7–6(8–6) 14
1999
48. Àlex Corretja 8 Cincinnati, United States Hard 2R 6–3, 6–7(5–7), 6–2 58
49. Marcelo Ríos 8 Paris, France Carpet (i) 2R 7–5, 6–2 72
2000
50. Àlex Corretja 9 Stuttgart, Germany Hard (i) 2R 1–6, 7–5, 6–0 24
2002
51. Tommy Haas 3 Cincinnati, United States Hard 1R 6–3, 6–2 111
gollark: I think the APIs are pretty much the same.
gollark: You tell it how much stack space it can use, and if it goes above that it uses the heap.
gollark: `smallvec` can put it on either though.
gollark: Suuuuuure.
gollark: Utilize `smallvec` then.

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Further reading
  • Michael Chang: Tennis Champion (1993) by Pamela Dell ISBN 0-516-04185-1
  • Holding Serve Persevering On And Off The Court (June 4, 2002) by Michael Chang, Mike Yorkey ISBN 0-7852-6656-9
Awards and achievements
Preceded by
Andre Agassi		 ATP Most Improved Player
1989		 Succeeded by
Pete Sampras
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