List of mammals of Spain
This list shows the IUCN Red List status of 115 mammal species occurring in Spanish territory, both in and outside the Iberian Peninsula. Seven species are endangered, thirteen are vulnerable, and three are near threatened. If the IUCN Red List status of a species in Spain differs from its global status, the status in Spain is shown next between brackets.[1]
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed on the respective IUCN Red List:
EX | Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. |
EW | Extinct in the wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. |
CR | Critically endangered | The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. |
EN | Endangered | The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. |
VU | Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. |
NT | Near threatened | The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. |
LC | Least concern | There are no current identifiable risks to the species. |
DD | Data deficient | There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. |
Subclass: Theria
Infraclass: Eutheria
Order: Macroscelidea (elephant shrews)
Elephant shrews are small insectivorous mammals native to Africa and members of the superorder Afrotheria. Their name derives from their elongated noses resembling the trunks of elephants, to whom they are distantly related.
- Family: Macroscelididae
- Genus: Elephantulus
- North African elephant shrew, E. rozeti LC[2]
- Genus: Elephantulus
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
![](../I/m/Bevers.jpg)
![](../I/m/Eichh%C3%B6rnchen_D%C3%BCsseldorf_Hofgarten_Crisco_edit.jpg)
![](../I/m/Eliomys_quercinus01.jpg)
![](../I/m/Arvicola_sapidus_02_by-dpc.jpg)
![](../I/m/Feldmaus_Microtus_arvalis.jpg)
![](../I/m/Apodemus.flavicollis.jpg)
![](../I/m/Micromysminutus1.jpg)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).
- Suborder: Castorimorpha
- Family: Castoridae (beavers)
- Subfamily: Castorinae
- Tribe: Castorini
- Genus: Castor
- Eurasian beaver, C. fiber LC[3][4]
- Genus: Castor
- Tribe: Castorini
- Subfamily: Castorinae
- Family: Castoridae (beavers)
- Suborder: Hystricomorpha
- Infraorder: Hystricognathi
- Family: Hystricidae (old world porcupines)
- Subfamily: Hystricinae
- Genus: Hystrix
- Crested porcupine, H. cristata LC[5]
- Genus: Hystrix
- Subfamily: Hystricinae
- Family: Hystricidae (old world porcupines)
- Infraorder: Hystricognathi
- Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Tribe: Sciurini
- Genus: Sciurus
- Red squirrel, S. vulgaris LC[6]
- Genus: Sciurus
- Tribe: Sciurini
- Subfamily: Xerinae
- Tribe: Marmotini
- Genus: Marmota
- Alpine marmot, M. marmota LC
- Genus: Marmota
- Tribe: Xerini
- Genus: Atlantoxerus
- Barbary ground squirrel, A. getulus LC introduced
- Genus: Atlantoxerus
- Tribe: Marmotini
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Family: Gliridae (dormice)
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Genus: Eliomys
- Garden dormouse, E. quercinus NT[7]
- Maghreb garden dormouse, E. munbyanus LC
- Genus: Eliomys
- Subfamily: Glirinae
- Genus: Glis
- Edible dormouse, G. glis LC
- Genus: Glis
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
- Suborder: Myomorpha
- Family: Cricetidae (hamsters, voles, lemmings)
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Genus: Arvicola
- Southwestern water vole, A. sapidus VU[8]
- European water vole, A. amphibius LC[9]
- Genus: Chionomys
- Snow vole, C. nivalis LC
- Genus: Microtus
- Cabrera's vole, M. cabrerae NT[10]
- Field vole, M. agrestis LC
- Common vole, M. arvalis LC
- Mediterranean pine vole, M. duodecimcostatus LC
- Gerbe's vole, M. gerbei LC
- Lusitanian pine vole, M. lusitanicus LC
- Genus: Myodes
- Bank vole, M. glareolus LC
- Genus: Ondatra
- Muskrat, O. zibethicus LC introduced
- Genus: Arvicola
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Family: Muridae (mice and rats)
- Subfamily: Gerbillinae
- Genus: Dipodillus
- North African gerbil, D. campestris LC
- Genus: Dipodillus
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Genus: Apodemus
- Yellow-necked mouse, A. flavicollis LC
- Wood mouse, A. sylvaticus LC
- Genus: Lemniscomys
- Barbary striped grass mouse, L. barbarus LC
- Genus: Micromys
- Eurasian harvest mouse, M. minutus LC
- Genus: Mus
- House mouse, M. musculus LC
- Algerian mouse, M. spretus LC
- Genus: Rattus
- Genus: Apodemus
- Subfamily: Gerbillinae
- Family: Myocastoridae (coypu)
- Family: Cricetidae (hamsters, voles, lemmings)
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
- Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
- Genus: Lepus
- Broom hare, L. castroviejoi VU[12]
- European hare, L. europaeus LC[13]
- Cape hare, L. capensis LC[14]
- Granada hare, L. granatensis LC[15]
- Genus: Oryctolagus
- European rabbit, O. cuniculus EN[16]
- Genus: Lepus
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
![](../I/m/Igel01.jpg)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
- Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
- Genus: Atelerix
- North African hedgehog, A. algirus LC[17]
- Genus: Erinaceus
- West European hedgehog, E. europaeus LC[18]
- Genus: Atelerix
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
![](../I/m/Gartenspitzmaus.jpg)
![](../I/m/Crocidura_leucodon-1.jpg)
![](../I/m/Galemys_pyrenaicus_01_by-dpc.jpg)
![](../I/m/Talpa_europaea_MHNT.jpg)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.
- Family: Soricidae (shrews)
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Genus: Crocidura
- Canary shrew, C. canariensis EN
- North African white-toothed shrew, C. ichnusae LC introduced
- Greater white-toothed shrew, C. russula LC
- Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens LC
- Whitaker's shrew, C. whitakeri LC
- Genus: Suncus
- Etruscan shrew, S. etruscus LC
- Genus: Crocidura
- Subfamily: Soricinae
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Genus: Neomys
- Southern water shrew, N. anomalus LC
- Eurasian water shrew, N. fodiens LC
- Genus: Neomys
- Tribe: Soricini
- Genus: Sorex
- Alpine shrew, S. alpinus NT[19]
- Common shrew, S. araneus LC
- Crowned shrew, S. coronatus LC
- Iberian shrew, S. granarius LC
- Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus LC
- Genus: Sorex
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Family: Talpidae (moles)
- Subfamily: Talpinae
- Tribe: Desmanini
- Genus: Galemys
- Pyrenean desman, G. pyrenaicus VU[20]
- Genus: Galemys
- Tribe: Talpini
- Genus: Talpa (genus)
- European mole, T. europaea LC
- Iberian mole, T. occidentalis LC
- Genus: Talpa (genus)
- Tribe: Desmanini
- Subfamily: Talpinae
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
![](../I/m/Wasserfledermaus-drawing.jpg)
![](../I/m/Nyctalus_leisleri.jpg)
![](../I/m/Pipistrellus_nathusii.jpg)
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The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
- Suborder: Megachiroptera
- Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
- Genus: Rousettus
- Egyptian fruit bat, R. aegyptiacus NT[21]
- Genus: Rousettus
- Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
- Suborder: Microchiroptera
- Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Genus: Myotis
- Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii VU[22]
- Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini NT[23]
- Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis LC[24]
- Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii LC[25]
- Alcathoe bat, M. alcathoe DD
- Felten's myotis, M. punicus NT
- Brandt's bat, M. brandti LC
- Cryptic myotis, M. crypticus
- Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii LC
- Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus LC
- Escalera's bat, M. escalerai LC
- Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus LC
- Natterer's bat, M. nattereri LC
- Genus: Myotis
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
- Genus: Barbastella
- Barbastelle, B. barbastellus NT
- Genus: Eptesicus
- Serotine bat, E. serotinus LC
- Mediterranean serotine bat, E. isabellinus DD[26]
- Genus: Hypsugo
- Savi's pipistrelle, H. savii LC[27]
- Genus: Nyctalus
- Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus NT[28]
- Lesser noctule, N. leisleri LC[29]
- Common noctule, N. noctula LC[30]
- Genus: Pipistrellus
- Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii LC[31]
- Kuhl's pipistrelle, P. kuhlii LC
- Madeira pipistrelle, P. maderensis VU
- Common pipistrelle, P. pipistrellus LC
- Soprano pipistrelle, P. pygmaeus LC
- Genus: Plecotus
- Canary big-eared bat, P. teneriffae VU[32]
- Alpine long-eared bat, P. macrobullaris NT[33]
- Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus LC
- Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus LC
- Genus: Barbastella
- Subfamily: Miniopterinae
- Genus: Miniopterus
- Schreibers' long-fingered bat, M. schreibersii NT
- Genus: Miniopterus
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Family: Molossidae
- Genus: Tadarida
- European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis LC
- Genus: Tadarida
- Family: Rhinolophidae
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
- Genus: Rhinolophus
- Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale VU
- Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi VU
- Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum NT
- Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros NT
- Genus: Rhinolophus
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
- Family: Vespertilionidae
Order: Cetacea (whales)
![](../I/m/Orion_harrapatutako_azken_balea_(1901).jpg)
![](../I/m/CZ_Rorcual_FinWhale_Estrecho_Strait_Gibraltar.jpg)
![](../I/m/Ballenas_en_el_Sur_de_Tenerife_(spain)_-_panoramio.jpg)
![](../I/m/Common_Dolphins_in_Gibraltar_Bay.jpg)
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The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
- Suborder: Mysticeti
- Family: Balaenidae (right whales)
- Genus: Eubalaena
- North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis globally EN, functionally extinct in eastern north Atlantic
- Genus: Eubalaena
- Family: Eschrichtiidae (gray whales)
- Genus: Eschrichtius
- North Atlantic gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus EX[35] (possibly a vagrant from Pacific appeared in 2010[36])
- Genus: Eschrichtius
- Family: Balaenopteridae (rorquals)
- Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
- Genus: Balaenoptera
- Blue whale, B. musculus EN[37]
- Sei whale, B. borealis EN
- Fin whale, B. physalus VU[38]
- Minke whale, B. acutorostrata LC[39]
- Bryde's whale, B. edeni LC
- Genus: Balaenoptera
- Subfamily: Megapterinae
- Genus: Megaptera
- Humpback whale, M. novaeangliae LC[40]
- Genus: Megaptera
- Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
- Family: Balaenidae (right whales)
- Suborder: Odontoceti
- Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
- Genus: Steno
- Rough-toothed dolphin, S. bredanensis DD
- Genus: Stenella
- Striped dolphin, S. coeruleoalba VU[41]
- Atlantic spotted dolphin, S. frontalis LC[42]
- Genus: Delphinus
- Short-beaked common dolphin, D. delphis EN[43]
- Genus: Lagenodelphis
- Fraser's dolphin, L. hosei LC[44]
- Genus: Lagenorhynchus
- Atlantic white-sided dolphin, L. acutus LC
- White-beaked dolphin, L. albirostris LC
- Genus: Globicephala
- Pilot whale, G. melas DD
- Short-finned pilot whale, G. macrorhynchus LC
- Genus: Grampus
- Risso's dolphin, G. griseus DD
- Genus: Feresa
- Pygmy killer whale, F. attenuata LC[45]
- Genus: Pseudorca
- False killer whale, P. crassidens NT[46]
- Genus: Orcinus
- Genus: Tursiops
- Common bottlenose dolphin, T. truncatus VU[48]
- Genus: Steno
- Family: Kogiidae (small sperm whales)
- Genus: Kogia
- Pygmy sperm whale, K. breviceps DD
- Dwarf sperm whale, K. sima DD
- Genus: Kogia
- Family: Phocoenidae (porpoises)
- Genus: Phocoena
- Harbour porpoise, P. phocoena VU
- Genus: Phocoena
- Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
- Genus: Physeter
- Sperm whale, P. macrocephalus VU
- Genus: Physeter
- Family: Ziphiidae (beaked whales)
- Genus: Ziphius
- Cuvier's beaked whale, Z. cavirostris DD
- Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
- Genus: Hyperoodon
- Northern bottlenose whale, H. ampullatus DD
- Genus: Mesoplodon
- Sowerby's beaked whale, M. bidens DD
- Blainville's beaked whale, M. densirostris DD
- Gervais' beaked whale, M. europaeus DD
- Gray's beaked whale, M. grayi DD[49]
- True's beaked whale, M. mirus DD
- Genus: Hyperoodon
- Genus: Ziphius
- Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
![](../I/m/Linces1.jpg)
![](../I/m/Wildcat_at_British_Wildlife_Centre.jpg)
![](../I/m/Europ%C3%A4ischer_Nerz.jpg)
![](../I/m/Monachus_monachus_-_Museo_civico_di_storia_naturale_(Milan).jpg)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
- Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Genus: Lynx
- Iberian lynx, L. pardinus EN[50]
- Genus: Felis
- European wildcat, F. silvestris LC
- Genus: Lynx
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Family: Viverridae (civets)
- Subfamily: Viverrinae
- Genus: Genetta
- Common genet, G. genetta LC[51]
- Genus: Genetta
- Subfamily: Viverrinae
- Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
- Genus: Herpestes
- Egyptian mongoose, H. ichneumon LC[52]
- Genus: Herpestes
- Family: Felidae
- Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
- Family: Ursidae (bears)
- Genus: Ursus
- Brown bear, U. arctos LC[55]
- Eurasian brown bear, U. a. arctos
- Brown bear, U. arctos LC[55]
- Genus: Ursus
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
- Genus: Martes
- Beech marten, M. foina LC[56]
- European pine marten, M. martes LC[57]
- Genus: Mustela
- European mink, M. lutreola CR[58]
- Stoat, M. erminea LC[59]
- Least weasel, M. nivalis LC[60]
- European polecat, M. putorius LC[61]
- Genus: Meles
- Eurasian badger, M. meles LC[62]
- Genus: Lutra
- European otter, L. lutra NT[63]
- Genus: Neovison
- American mink, N. vison LC introduced
- Genus: Martes
- Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
- Genus: Monachus
- Mediterranean monk seal, M. monachus EN[64]
- Genus: Cystophora
- Hooded seal, C. cristata VU
- Genus: Phoca
- Ringed seal, P. hispida LC
- Harbor seal, P. vitulina LC
- Genus: Erignathus
- Bearded seal, E. barbatus LC
- Genus: Halichoerus
- Grey seal, H. grypus LC
- Genus: Monachus
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
![](../I/m/Lightmatter_ibex.jpg)
![](../I/m/Isard_des_pyrenees_bigorre_2003.jpg)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
- Family: Suidae (pigs)
- Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Genus: Cervus
- Red deer, C. elaphus LC
- Spanish red deer, C. e. hispanicus
- Red deer, C. elaphus LC
- Genus: Dama
- Fallow deer, D. dama LC[65]
- Genus: Cervus
- Subfamily: Capreolinae
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Family: Bovidae
- Subfamily: Caprinae
- Genus: Ammotragus
- Barbary sheep, A. lervia VU[67] introduced
- Genus: Capra
- Genus: Rupicapra
- Pyrenean chamois, R. pyrenaica LC
- Genus: Ovis
- Mouflon, O. aries orientalis NA
- Genus: Ammotragus
- Subfamily: Caprinae
See also
References
- Palomo, L. J.; Gisbert, J.; Blanco, J. (2007). "Libro Rojo de los Mamíferos Terrestres de España" (PDF). Atlas y Libro Rojo de los Mamíferos Terrestres de España. Madrid: Dirección General para la Biodiversidad-SECEM-SECEMU.
- Rathbun, G. B. (2015). "Elephantulus rozeti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T42663A21289287.
- Batbold, J.; Batsaikhan, N.; Shar, S.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L. (2016). "Castor fiber". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T4007A115067136.
- Ceña, J.C. et al. (2004). Castor europeo en Navarra y La Rioja. Galemys: Boletín informativo de la Sociedad Española para la conservación y estudio de los mamíferos 16(2): 91–98.
- Grubb, P.; Amori, G.; de Smet, K. & Bertolino, S. (2010). "Hystrix cristata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T10746A3211666.
- Amori, G.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Muñoz, L. J. P. (2010). "Sciurus vulgaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T20025A9136220.
- Bertolino, S.; Amori, G.; Henttonen, H.; Zagorodnyuk, I.; Zima, J.; Juškaitis, R.; Meinig, H. & Kryštufek, B. (2008). "Eliomys quercinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T7618A12835766.
- Rigaux, P.; Vaslin, M.; Noblet, J. F.; Amori, G. & Muñoz, L. J. P. (2008). "Arvicola sapidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T2150A9290712.
- Batsaikhan, N.; Henttonen, H.; Meinig, H.; Shenbrot, G., Bukhnikashvili, A., Hutterer, R., Kryštufek, B., Yigit, N., Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L. (2016). "Arvicola amphibius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2149A115060819.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Fernandes, M.; Pita, R. & Mira, A. (2019). "Microtus cabrerae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T13418A90931498.
- Kryštufek, B.; Palomo, L.J.; Hutterer, R.; Mitsain, G. & Yigit, N. (2015). "Rattus rattus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T19360A115148682.
- Ballesteros, F. & Smith, A. T. (2019). "Lepus castroviejoi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T11797A503908.
- Hacklande, K.; Schai-Braun, S. (2019). "Lepus europaeus". 2019: e.T41280A45187424. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41280A45187424.en. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - Johnston, C. H.; Robinson, T. J.; Child, M. F.; Relton, C. (2019). "Lepus capensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41277A45186750.
- Soriguer, R. & Carro, F. (2019). "Lepus granatensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41306A2953195.
- Villafuerte, R.; Delibes-Mateos, M. (2019). "Oryctolagus cuniculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41291A45189779.
- Amori, G.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L. J. (2008). "Atelerix algirus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T27926A9481697.
- Amori, G.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L. J. (2008). "Erinaceus europaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T29650A9508000.
- Purroy and Varela (2003) dispute that it was ever present in Spain. The only record is by Ángel Cabrera in Huesca, 1914.
- Fernandes, M.; Herrero, J.; Aulagnier, S. & Amori, G. (2008). "Galemys pyrenaicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T8826A12934876.
- Aulagnier, S.; Palmeirim, J.; Karataş, A. (2010). "Rousettus aegyptiacus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T29730A9527701.
- Hutson, A. M.; Spitzenberger, F.; Aulagnier, S.; Juste, J.; Karatas, A.; Palmeirim, J. & Paunovic, M. (2010). "Myotis capaccinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T14126A4399043.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Paunović, M. (2019). "Myotis bechsteinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T14123A22053752.
- Coroiu, I.; Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Myotis myotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14133A22051759.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Myotis blythii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14124A22053297.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Species identified only by molecular data. Morphology is identical to E. serotinus. Palomo, L.J. et al. (2007) Atlas y Libro Rojo de los Mamíferos Terrestres de España. Dirección General para la Biodiversidad-SECEM-SECEMU, Madrid, 588pp.
- Hutson, A. M.; Spitzenberger, F.; Juste, J.; Aulagnier, S.; Palmeirim, J.; Paunovic, M.; Karatas, A. (2010). "Hypsugo savii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T44856A10955205.
- Hutson, A. M.; Alcaldé, J. T.; Juste, J.; Karataş, A.; Palmeirim, J. & Paunović, M. (2010). "Nyctalus lasiopterus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T14918A4471682.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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Further reading
- Aulagnier, S. (2008). Guide des mammifères d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et de Moyen-Orient. Paris: Delachaux et Niestlé.
- Purroy, F. J.; Varela, J. M. (2003). Guía de los Mamíferos de España. Península, Baleares y Canarias. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions.