List of extinct cetaceans

The list of extinct cetaceans features the extinct genera and species of the order Cetacea. The cetaceans (whales, dolphins and porpoises) are descendants of land-living mammals, the even-toed ungulates. The earliest cetaceans were still hoofed mammals. These early cetaceans became gradually better adapted for swimming than for walking on land, finally evolving into fully marine cetaceans.

This list currently includes only fossil genera and species. However, the Atlantic population of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) became extinct in the 18th century, and the baiji (or Chinese river dolphin, Lipotes vexillifer) was declared "functionally extinct" after an expedition in late 2006 failed to find any in the Yangtze River.

Suborder Archaeoceti

Family Ambulocetidae

(Eocene)

Dorudon

Family Basilosauridae

(Late Eocene)

Basilosaurus cetoides reconstruction

Family Kekenodontidae

(Oligocene)

Family Pakicetidae

(Early to Middle Eocene)

Ambulocetus skeleton in front and Pakicetus behind

Family Protocetidae

(Eocene)

Rhodocetus kasrani reconstruction

Family Remingtonocetidae

(Eocene)

Suborder Mysticeti

Family Aetiocetidae

(Oligocene)

Aetiocetus restoration

Family Llanocetidae

(Late Eocene-Early Oligocene)

Family Mammalodontidae

(jr synonym Janjucetidae)

Janjucetus hunderi

(Late Oligocene)

Family incertae sedis

Clade Chaeomysticeti

Family incertae sedis

Superfamily Eomysticetoidea
Family Cetotheriopsidae

(Oligocene to Miocene)

Family Eomysticetidae

(Oligocene to early Miocene)

Family Aglaocetidae

(Miocene)

Superfamily Balaenoidea
Family Balaenidae

(Oligocene to Recent)

Family incertae sedis

Clade Thalassotherii
Family Cetotheriidae

(Miocene - Pliocene)

Classification follows Steeman (2007) unless otherwise noted.[8]

Cetotherium restoration
Family Diorocetidae

(Miocene to Pliocene)

Family Neobalaenidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Family Pelocetidae

(Miocene)

Family incertae sedis
Superfamily Balaenopteroidea
Eobalaenoptera skeleton
Family Balaenopteridae

(Miocene to Recent)

Family Eschrichtiidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Family Tranatocetidae

Family incertae sedis
  • Mioceta (nomen dubium)
  • Piscocetus
  • Siphonocetus (nomen dubium)
  • Tretulias (nomen dubium)
  • Ulias (nomen dubium)

Suborder Odontoceti

Basal forms

Family Agorophiidae

(Late Oligocene)

Family Ashleycetidae

(Early Oligocene)

  • Ashleycetus

Family Mirocetidae

(Early Oligocene)

Family Patriocetidae

(Oligocene to Early Miocene)

Family Simocetidae

(Late Oligocene)

Family Xenorophidae

(Oligocene)

Family Inticetidae

Family Microzeuglodontidae
  • Microzeuglodon

Family Squaloziphiidae

(Early Miocene)

Family incertae sedis

Superfamily Squalodontoidea

Family Dalpiazinidae

(Late Oligocene to Miocene)

  • Dalpiazina

Family Prosqualodontidae

(Oligocene to Miocene)

Family Squalodontidae

(Oligocene to Pliocene)

Superfamily Physeteroidea

Family Kogiidae

(Miocene to recent)

Family Physeteridae

Family incertae sedis

Superfamily "Eurhinodelphinoidea"

Family Argyrocetidae

(Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)

Family Eoplatanistidae

(Miocene)

  • Eoplatanista

Family Eurhinodelphinidae

(Mid Miocene to Pliocene)

Macrodelphinus & Eurhinodelphis

Superfamily Platanistoidea

Family Allodelphinidae

(Early to Middle Miocene)

Life reconstruction of Arktocara yakataga

Family Platanistidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Family Squalodelphinidae

(Early to Late Miocene)

Family Waipatiidae

Superfamily Ziphioidea

Family Ziphiidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Clade Delphinida

Family Kentriodontidae

(Early-Middle Miocene)

Kentriodon reconstruction

Family incertae sedis
  • Anacharsis
  • Belonodelphis
  • Delphinavus
  • Graamocetus
  • Hadrodelphis
  • Lamprolithax
  • Leptodelphis
  • Liolithax
  • Lophocetus
  • Loxolithax
  • Macrokentriodon
  • Microphocaena
  • Miodelphis
  • Nannolithax
  • Oedolithax
  • Oligodelphis
  • Palaeophocaena
  • Pithanodelphis
  • Platylithax
  • Prionodelphis
  • Protodelphinus
  • Sarmatodelphis
  • Sophianacetus
  • Tagicetus

Superfamily Delphinoidea
Family Albireonidae

(Miocene to Pliocene)

  • Albireo
Family Delphinidae
Etruridelphis giulii

(Oligocene to Recent)

Family Monodontidae

(Miocene to Pliocene)

Family Odobenocetopsidae

(Pliocene)

Odobenocetops reconstruction
Family Phocoenidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Superfamily Inioidea
Family Iniidae
Family Pontoporiidae

(Middle Miocene to Recent)

Superfamily Lipotoidea
Family Lipotidae

(Miocene to Recent)

Superfamily incertae sedis
  • Delphinodon
  • Heterodelphis

Family incertae sedis
  • Acrodelphis
  • Champsodelphis
  • Hesperocetus
  • Imerodelphis (Miocene)
  • Kharthlidelphis
  • Lonchodelphis
  • Macrochirifer
  • Microcetus
  • Microsqualodon
  • Neosqualodon
  • Pelodelphis
  • Rhabdosteus (nomen dubium)
  • Sulakocetus
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See also

References
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  3. Bajpai, Sunil; Thewissen, J.G.M. (2014). "Protocetid cetaceans (Mammalia) from the Eocene of India". Palaeontologia Electronica. 17 (3): 34A.
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