Piscobalaena

Piscobalaena is an extinct genus of cetaceans, which lived from the Middle to Late Miocene epochs (about 11.6 to 5.3 million years ago) in Peru and Florida.[1] Its fossils have been found in the Pisco Formation of Peru and the Bone Valley Formation of Florida.[2] At least some individuals of this diminutive whale were preyed on by the shark C. megalodon.[3]

Piscobalaena
Temporal range: Mid-Late Miocene (Mayoan-Huayquerian & Clarendonian)
~11.608–5.332 Ma
Piscobalaena nana skull
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Infraorder: Cetacea
Family: Cetotheriidae
G. Pilleri and H. J. Siber, 1989
Genus: †Piscobalaena nana
G. Pilleri and H. J. Siber, 1989

Description
Skull

This animal looked much like whales today, particularly small whales. The length was probably less than 5 metres (16 ft), and the skull of an adult was about one meter. Piscobalaena is known for some well-preserved specimens, including three young individuals and an adult. Some characteristics of the skull distinguish Piscobalaena from modern whales (such as the shape of the supraorbital process).

Classification

Described for the first time in 1989 by Pilleri and Siber,[4] Piscobalaena is known from fossils found in the Pisco Formation in Peru. Piscobalaena is considered a representative of Cetotheriidae a group of baleen whales with primitive characteristics similar to that of Balaenoptera, fossil species of which have been found mainly in the northern hemisphere. The closest relative of Piscobalaena appears to have been Herpetocetus, from the Mio-Pliocene of the northern hemisphere.

Palaeogeography

Other fragmentary remains attributed to Piscobalaena are also from Peru, but date a little older (late Miocene, about 10 million years ago). So it seems that this kind of whales were located in the Pacific coast of South America and evolved for at least five million years. Other fossils attributed with some doubt to Piscobalaena come from the Miocene Bone Valley Formation of Florida: If so, then Piscobalaena might have had a wider distribution than the Peruvian coast. This could have been because the Isthmus of Panama was open until at least Late Pliocene, allowing the passage of marine species from the Atlantic to the Pacific and vice versa. Other marine mammals found in the Pisco Formation include the odd dolphin Odobenocetops, the long-necked seal Acrophoca, and aquatic sloth Thalassocnus.

gollark: Easier than serving a few hundred HTTP requests a second.
gollark: Any decent computer can easily generate a few random picks from a list.
gollark: Why would they not be generated hourly or whatever?
gollark: ∞≈π
gollark: Maaaaybe.

References
  1. Piscobalaena at Fossilworks.org
  2. V. Bouetel and C. Muizon. 2006. The anatomy and relationships of Piscobalaena nana (Cetacea, Mysticeti), a Cetotheriidae s.s. from the early Pliocene of Peru
  3. Collareta, A.; Lambert, O.; Landini, W.; Di Celma, C.; Malinverno, E.; Varas-Malca, R.; Urbina, M.; Bianucci, G. (2017). "Did the giant extinct shark Carcharocles megalodon target small prey? Bite marks on marine mammal remains from the late Miocene of Peru". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 469: 84–91. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.01.001.
  4. Pilleri, G. and Siber, H.J. 1989. Neuer Spättertiärer cetotherid (Cetacea, Mysticeti) aus der Pisco-Formation Perus. In: G. Pilleri (ed.), Beiträge zur Paläontologie der Cetaceen Perus, 109–115. Hirnanatomisches Institut, Ostermundigen, Bern.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.