List of elephant species

The list of elephant species includes all known extant and extinct (†) elephant species from the Elephantidae family.

• Subfamilia Elephantinae
  • Tribe Elephantini (elephants)
    • Genus †Primelephas
      • Species †Primelephas gomphotheroides
      • Species †Primelephas korotorensis
    • Subtribe Loxodontina
      • Genus Loxodonta
        • Species Loxodonta africana
          • Subspecies Loxodonta africana africana (African bush elephant)
          • Subspecies †Loxodonta africana pharaonensis (North African elephant)
        • Species Loxodonta cyclotis (African forest elephant)
    • Subtribe Elephantina
      • Genus Elephas (Eurasian elephants)
        • Species Elephas maximus (Asian elephant)
          • Subspecies Elephas maximus indicus (Indian elephant)
          • Subspecies Elephas maximus maximus (Sri Lankan elephant)
          • Subspecies Elephas maximus sumatranus (Sumatran elephant)
          • Subspecies Elephas maximus borneensis (Borneo elephant or Asian pygmy elephant)
          • Subspecies ? Vietnam elephant and Laos elephant[note 1]
          • Subspecies ? †Elephas maximus rubridens (Chinese elephant)[note 2]
          • Subspecies †Elephas maximus asurus (Syrian elephant)
        • Species †Elephas beyeri
        • Species †Elephas celebensis
        • Species †Elephas hysudricus (jr synonym = Hypselephas hysudricus)
        • Species †Elephas iolensis
        • Species †Elephas planifrons (jr synonym = Mammuthus planifrons)
        • Species †Elephas platycephalus
        • Species †Elephas recki
        • Subgenus †Palaeoloxodon
          • Species †Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus
          • Species †Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) creticus
          • Species †Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) creutzburgi
          • Species †Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) chaniensis
          • Species †Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) cypriotes
          • Species †Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) ekorensis
          • Species †Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) falconeri
          • Species †Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) mnaidriensis
          • Species †Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) melitensis
          • Species †Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) namadicus
          • Species †Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) naumanni
      • Genus †Mammuthus (Mammoths)
        • Species †Mammuthus africanavus (African mammoth) †
        • Species †Mammuthus columbi (Columbian mammoth) (jr synonym = Mammuthus jeffersonii)[1]
        • Species †Mammuthus exilis (Pygmy mammoth)
        • Species †Mammuthus imperator (American mammoth)
        • Species †Mammuthus lamarmorae (Sardinian Dwarf mammoth)
        • Species †Mammuthus meridionalis (Southern mammoth)
        • Species †Mammuthus primigenius (Woolly mammoth)
        • Species †Mammuthus subplanifrons (South African mammoth)
        • Species †Mammuthus armeniacus (jr synonym = Mammuthus trogontherii, Mammuthus sungari)[2])
      • Genus Stegotetrabelodon †
      • Genus Stegodibelodon †

Asian elephant, Tetralophodon, Gomphotherium, Palaeomastodon, and Moeritherium

References

1. The Paleobiology Database Mammuthus columbi entry accessed on 2009-08-16
2. GuangBiao Wei; SongMei Hu; KeFu Yu; YaMei Hou; Xin Li; ChangZhu Jin; Yuan Wang; JianXin Zhao; WenHua Wang (2010). "New materials of the steppe mammoth, Mammuthus trogontherii, with discussion on the origin and evolutionary patterns of mammoths". Science China Earth Sciences. 53 (7): 956–963. doi:10.1007/s11430-010-4001-4.

Notes

1. The elephant population in Vietnam and Laos is undergoing tests to determine if it is a fifth living subspecies.
2. May be classified within the Palaeoloxodon genus.

Further reading

• Wikisource: "The Blindmen and the Elephant" by John Godfrey Saxe
• Shoshani, J. (2005). Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 90–91. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
• External link to national geographics elephant rage episode of Explorer
• Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 26 (2003) 421–434