Libby Hill, Richmond

Libby Hill is a small neighborhood in Richmond, Virginia. Libby Hill is located on the southeastern spur of Church Hill, overlooking the James River and the Lucky Strike building. It is known for Libby Hill Park and "The View that Named Richmond". The Libby Hill neighborhood is entirely within the St. John's Church Historic District.[3]

Libby Hill
Neighborhood of Richmond
Houses on Libby Hill
Coordinates: 37°31′39″N 77°25′1″W
Country	U.S.
State	Virginia
City	Richmond
District	St. John's Church Historic District (Church Hill)
First settled	Pre-1796[1]
Oldest building	1839[1]
Named for	Luther Libby[1]
Location	Roughly bounded by 27th St., E. Grace St., 31st St., and Main St.
School Zone(s)	Richmond Public Schools[2] Chimbarazo Elementary School Martin Luther King Jr. Middle School Armstrong High School

History

Homes have existed on Libby Hill since at least 1796. Prominent early residents include Governor George W. Smith and Colonel George Mayo Carrington. Both the Smith and Carrington houses are no longer standing. The oldest building in Libby Hill is the Gentry-Strokes-Crew house at 2718 North 27th St. Built in 1839 by John Gentry, this house has undergone many changes since its construction.[1]

The neighborhood is named for Luther Libby, who built his home on the corner of Main St. and 29th St. in 1851. Luther Libby is also the namesake of the notorious Libby Prison, even though he had no influence in the operations of the prison.[4]

Another older house in Libby Hill is the Saunders House, built the same year as the Libby House on the corner of Main St. and 29th St. The house at 11 1/2 North 29th St. is remarkable in that Mary Wingfield Scott, renowned Richmond historian, wrote that it is "adorned with one of the most beautiful iron verandahs in Richmond". [1]

The View That Named Richmond

The view that is said to mirror a view in Richmond, London.

Looking from Libby Hill down towards the James River is said to be "The View That Named Richmond". William Byrd II is said to have thought that this view resembled the view of Richmond upon Thames in England.

There is a plaque on Libby Hill that states the following:

The curve of the James River and steep slope on this side are very much like the features of the River Thames in England, a royal village west of London called Richmond upon Thames.

William Byrd II, an important planter, merchant, politician and writer, was asked by the House of Burgesses to plan a town at the Falls of the James in the early 1730s.

As he had traveled several times to Richmond upon Thames, it is believed that the view led him to name this new town 'Richmond.'

As of 2014, there is a proposed condominium project that could threaten this view.[5]

Other landmarks visible from the hill include the Lucky Strike building, the Armitage Manufacturing Company building, Rockett's Landing, and Manchester, Virginia.

Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument

• 
  Confederate Soldiers And Sailors Monument, 2014
• 
  Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument postcard, c.1900
• 
  Officers of Association and orator at unveiling of Richmond Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument, 1894

Given the expansive view and the fact that the hill overlooked the site where the Confederate Navy Yard had operated, it was once planned to erect a memorial to Robert E. Lee on Libby Hill. When it was decided that the Lee Memorial would be built on the other side of Richmond, on Monument Avenue, plans for a monument to all Confederate Soldiers and Sailors on Libby Hill were formed.[1]

The Confederate Soldiers' & Sailors' Monument Association was formed in 1889, with future Richmond mayor David C. Richardson as its chair. They decided that the monument was should be modeled after "Pompey's Pillar" in Alexandria, Egypt. It depicts a bronze Confederate private standing on top of the pillar, which is composed of 13 granite blocks to symbolize each of the Confederate states.[6] The monument was completed at the south end of 29th St. on May 30, 1894, at a total cost of over $30,000. Future Richmond mayor Carlton McCarthy was the orator at its unveiling.[7]

The monument was vandalized in the 2020 Black Lives Matter protests and ultimately removed by the city on July 8, 2020. [8]

An inscription on the statue read the following:

Erected by the Confederate Soldiers & Sailors Monument Association

Anno Domini 1887-1894

Libby Hill Park

Libby Hill Park was created in 1851[1] and is at the heart of Libby Hill neighborhood. It has been known by a variety of names in the past, including "the Eastern Square", Jefferson Park,[1] Marshall Park,[9] and Marshall Square.[10]

It covers the slopes of the hill between E. Franklin St and Main St. and includes fountains, paths, a small park house, the plaque describing the view that named Richmond, and the Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument.

It also includes monuments to Sergeant John Henry Taylor and Officer Thomas "Mongo" McMahon. Sergeant Taylor served in the Richmond City Police Department for over 25 years, before retiring in 2009. "Sergeant John Henry Taylor's Bench" was erected by the Church Hill Crime Watch in honor of his "above and beyond care and concern for the safety of every person living on Church Hill and the surrounding areas".[11] Officer McMahon served in the Richmond City Police Department for over 20 years and was killed in the line of duty when, following a car chase, a suspect shot McMahon multiple times.[12]

The steep, winding cobblestone path through the park served as one of the signature sections of the road race course used during the 2015 UCI Road World Championships.

Gallery

• 
  A fountain in Libby Hill Park
• 
  Another fountain in Libby Hill Park
• 
  House at 2718 N. 27th St
• 
  Libby Hill Park
• 
  Libby Hill Park house
• 
  Sign for Libby Hill Park
• 
  Libby-Powers House
• 
  Another view of the Libby-Powers House
• 
  Lucky Strike Factory (now lofted) as seen from Libby Hill
• 
  Officer Thomas E McMahon Memorial in Libby Hill Park
• 
  Sergeant John Henry Thomas's Bench in Libby Hill Park
• 
  House at ​11 ¹⁄₂ N. 29th St.

See also

• Libby Prison
• Richmond, Virginia
• Armitage Manufacturing Company
• Neighborhoods of Richmond, Virginia

References

1. Scott, Mary Wingfield (1950). Neighborhoods of Old Richmond. Richmond, Virginia: William Byrd Press.
2. "School Locator". Richmond Public Schools. Retrieved August 10, 2014.
3. "National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form: St. John's Church Historic District" (PDF). U.S. Department of the Interior – National Park Service. July 1969. Retrieved August 8, 2014.
4. Hazard, Carroll (November 7, 2013). "Luther Libby House for sale in Richmond". Richmond Times-Dispatch. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
5. Martz, Michael (July 13, 2014). "Richmond City Council slated to take up Libby Hill condos tonight". Richmond Times-Dispatch. Retrieved August 6, 2014.
6. Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument. Confederate Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument Association. 1894. p. 15. Retrieved August 6, 2014 – via Library of Congress.
7. Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument. Confederate Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument Association. 1894. p. 23. Retrieved August 6, 2014 – via Library of Congress.
8. "Crews removing Confederate Soldiers and Sailors statue in Richmond's Libby Hill Park". Richmond Times-Dispatch. July 8, 2020.
9. Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument. Confederate Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument Association. 1894. p. 13. Retrieved August 6, 2014 – via Library of Congress.
10. "Libby Hill Park". City of Richmond Parks, Recreation & Community Facilities. Retrieved August 6, 2014.
11. "Dedication of Sergeant John Henry Taylor's Bench". Church Hill People's News. Retrieved August 6, 2014.
12. "Thomas Francis "Mongo" McMahon". Officer Down Memorial Page. Retrieved August 6, 2014.