James A. Garfield Monument

The James A. Garfield Monument stands on the grounds of the United States Capitol in the circle at First Street, S.W., and Maryland Avenue, Washington, D.C. It is a memorial to United States President James A. Garfield, elected in 1880 and assassinated in 1881 after serving only four months of his term, by a disgruntled office-seeker named Charles J. Guiteau.

James A. Garfield Monument
Garfield Monument
Location in the District of Columbia
Coordinates38°53′20″N 77°00′44″W
LocationUnited States Capitol
DesignerJohn Quincy Adams Ward
TypeMonument
Opening dateMay 12, 1887
Dedicated toJames A. Garfield
James Garfield Statue at Sunset

The monument, sculpted by John Quincy Adams Ward (1830–1910) and cast by The Henry-Bonnard Co. of New York, with a pedestal designed by Richard Morris Hunt, is an outstanding example of American Beaux-Arts monument. It was unveiled on May 12, 1887.[1] Today it stands as part of a three-part sculptural group near the Capitol Reflecting Pool including the Peace Monument and the Ulysses S. Grant Memorial.

The memorial was commissioned in 1884 by the Society of the Army of the Cumberland, of which Garfield had been a member. The Society raised almost $28,000 to pay the sculptor. Some of the funds were raised by The Garfield Monument Fair, which was held in the Capitol's Rotunda and National Statuary Hall in 1882. Also in that year, Congress appropriated to the Society $7500 in funds from the sale of condemned cannons; in 1884 it appropriated $30,000 for the pedestal. The monument was incorporated into the Capitol Grounds on January 2, 1975.[2]

One of three allegorical figures, Scholar, is at the base of the monument.

The inscription reads:
(On Garfield statue:)
J.Q.A. WARD/SCULP.
1887
THE HENRY-BONNARD BRONZE CO.
NEW YORK
(On speech held in Garfield's proper left hand:)
Law, Justice, Prosperity
(On each base figure:)
J.Q.A. WARD
Sculp
(Base, top section, front:)
JAMES. A. GARFIELD
1831–1881
(Base, top section, left side:)
MAJOR-GENERAL U-S-V,
MEMBER OF CONGRESS,
SENATOR,
AND
PRESIDENT
OF THE
UNITED
STATES
OF
AMERICA
(Base, top section, right side:)
ERECTED BY HIS COMRADES
OF THE
SOCIETY OF THE ARMY
OF THE
CUMBERLAND
MAY 18, 1887

The monument includes three allegorical figures spread around the base representing three significant periods in Garfield's life. The first is the Student, reminding us of his time as an educator, the next is the Warrior, commemorating his service during the Civil War and the third is the Statesman, pointing to his career as a public servant.[3]

See also

References
  1. "James Garfield Monument, (sculpture)". SIRIS
  2. "The Garfield Monument". Architect of the Capitol | United States Capitol. Retrieved 2018-04-12.
  3. Sharp, Lewis I., John Quincy Adams Ward: Dean of American Sculpture, with Catalogue Raisonné, University of Delaware Press, Newark, 1985
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