Iris subg. Iris
Subgenus Iris is one subgenus of Iris. The genus was originally classified by Carl Linnaeus, but then further organised by Brian Mathew between 1981 and 1987.[1]
Iris subg. Iris | |
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Purple bearded iris | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Order: | Asparagales |
Family: | Iridaceae |
Subfamily: | Iridoideae |
Tribe: | Irideae |
Genus: | Iris |
Subgenus: | Iris subg. Iris B.Mathew |
It has been divided into six sections; bearded irises (or pogon irises), Psammiris, Oncocyclus, Regelia, Hexapogon and Pseudoregelia. Sections Oncocyclus and Regelia are also called aril irises.
Section bearded irises (or pogon irises)
This is the largest section of the subgenus. Most irises come from Southern or eastern Europe.[1] Note 'pogon' refers to the Greek word for beard.[2] It has several species of iris including;
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It also includes thousands of ornamental plant hybrids, which have been divided into various height categories.[3]
- MDB – Miniature dwarf bearded
- SDB – Standard dwarf bearded
- IB – Intermediate bearded
- BB – Border bearded
- MTB – Miniature tall bearded
- TB – Tall bearded
Psammiris
This section of irises was first described by Spach. Irises from Russia and Northwest china. Mostly rhizomatous, and flowering in late spring.[1] Note psammos derives from the Greek word for sand.[2]
- Iris arenaria Waldst. and Kit.
- Iris bloudowii Bunge.
- Iris curvifolia Zhao[4]
- Iris humilis Georgi
- Iris kamelinii Alexeeva
- Iris mandshurica Maxim.
- Iris potaninii Maxim.
- Iris vorobievii N.S.Pavlova
Oncocyclus
![](../I/m/IrisHaArgemanZE001.jpg)
Oncocyclus irises are rhizomatous perennials. They also generally need rich soils that drain easy and are in full sun. Most also prefer a dry period after flowering.[5] The oncocyclus irises are mostly from Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. The flowers usually only have one flower,[1] which is veined or spotted.[6] Some of these species have been bred with bearded irises to create unique colours and markings.[1] Oncocyclus is a Greek word, with onco meaning mass, or bulk, and cyclus meaning circle.[7] In 1846, the term 'Oncocyclus' was first used by C.H. Siemssen as the Genus Oncocyclus in 1846 in Botanische Zeitung. Baker then re-classified it to a subgenus in 1877, than Dykes lowered it to a section in 1914, where it currently remains.[8]
- Iris acutiloba C.A.Mey. (including I. ewbankiana )
- Iris acutiloba subsp. lineolata (Trautvetter) Mathew and Wendlobo
- Iris acutiloba subsp. longitepala Mathew & Zarrei
- Iris antilibanotica Dinsmore
- Iris assadiana Chaudhary, Kirkw. & C.Weymolauth
- Iris auranitica Dinsmore
- Iris atrofusca Bak.
- Iris atropurpurea Bak.
- Iris barnumiae Bak. & Fost.
- Iris barnumiae subsp. demawendica (Bornm.) B.Mathew & Wendelbo
- Iris basaltica Dinsmore
- Iris bismarckiana Reg. – Nazareth iris
- Iris bostrensis Mouterde
- Iris camillae Grossh.
- Iris cedreti Dinsm. ex Chaudhary
- Iris damascena Mouterde
- Iris gatesii Foster
- Iris grossheimii Woronow ex Grossh.
- Iris haynei Baker – Gilboa iris
- Iris heylandiana Boiss. & Reut.
- Iris hermona Dinsmore – Hermon iris
- Iris iberica Hoffm.
- Iris iberica subsp. elegantissima (Sosn.) Fed. & Takht.
- Iris iberica subsp. lycotis (Woronow) Takht.
- Iris kirkwoodi (including I. calcarea)
- Iris lortetii Barbey ex Boiss.
- Iris mariae Barbey.
- Iris meda Stapf
- Iris nigricans Dinsm.
- Iris paradoxa Steven
- Iris petrana Dinsm.
- Iris sari Schott ex Bak.
- Iris sofarana Fost.
- Iris susiana L. – mourning iris
Regelia
Mostly from the mountainous regions of Iran, Afghanistan and the Altai Mountains.[9] Most irises have a stem that has 2 flowers.[1] It was named in 1904 by Robert Lynch in his book The Book of The Iris after Dr Regel.[10]
- Iris afghanica Wend
- Iris darwasica Regel
- Iris heweri Grey-Wilson & B. Mathew
- Iris hoogiana Dykes
- Iris korolkowii Regel
- Iris kuschkensis Grey-Wilson & B. Mathew
- Iris lineata Foster ex Regel
- Iris stolonifera Maxim.
Hybrids of Regelia irises and Oncocyclus irises are known as 'Regelicyclous'.[11]
Hexapogon
Mostly from the desert area of Central Asia, Iran and Afghanistan. Most irises have beards on the falls and standards.[1] Note 'hexa' refers to the number 6 and 'pogon' refers to the Greek word for beard.[2]
- Iris falcifolia Bunge
- Iris longiscapa Ledeb.
Pseudoregelia
Mostly from the mountainous regions of Eastern Asia. Most irises have flowers that have blothes or colour spots on.[1]
- Iris cuniculiformis Noltie & K.Y.Guan
- Iris dolichosiphon Noltie
- Iris goniocarpa Bak.
- Iris hookeriana Fost.
- Iris ivanovae Doronkin
- Iris kemaonensis Wall.
- Iris leptophylla Lingelsheim
- Iris narcissiflora Diels.
- Iris psammocola Y.T.Zhao
- Iris sikkimensis Dykes
- Iris tigridia Bunge ex Ledeb.
References
- Stebbings, Geoff (1997). The Gardener's Guide to Growing Irises. Newton Abbot: David and Charles. p. 18. ISBN 0-7153-0539-5.
- Stearn, William (1972). A Gardenerer's Dictionary of Plant Names. London: Cassell. p. 211. ISBN 0-304-93721-5.
- Morris, Jim (2011). "Bearded Iris Classifications". www.irises.org (American Iris Society). Retrieved 24 July 2014.
- British Iris Society A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation, p. 60, at Google Books
- Christopher Brickell RHS Encyclopedia of Plants and Flowers , p. 521, at Google Books
- "Aril Irises". pacificbulbsociety,org. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
- Saad, Layla; Khuri, Sawsan (4 August 2003). "Hanging in There by a Fall – The Oncocyclus Irises of Lebanon" (PDF). orbi.ulg.ac.be. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
- Pries, Bob (11 June 2014). "Section Oncocyclus". wiki.irises.org. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
- Cassidy, G.E.; Linnegar, S. (1987). Growing Irises (Revised ed.). Bromley: Christopher Helm. pp. 144–145. ISBN 0-88192-089-4.
- "The book of the iris, by R. Irwin Lynch". www.biodiversitylibrary.org. p. 116. Retrieved 24 July 2014.
- Christopher Brickell RHS Encyclopedia of Plants and Flowers, p. 610, at Google Books