Iris ivanovae

Iris ivanovae is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from eastern Russia, China, and Mongolia.

Iris ivanovae
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Iris
Section: Iris sect. Pseudoregelia
Species:
I. ivanovae
Binomial name
Iris ivanovae
Doronkin
Synonyms[1]

None known

It has narrow and linear light green leaves, short slender stem and pink-purple flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Description

It is similar in form to Iris tigridia but differs in the leaves, being narrower on Iris tigridia and Iris ivanovae having smaller flowers.[2]

It has a thick, dark grey rhizome, that is about 2 – 4 mm in diameter.[3][4] Below the rhizome, it has wrinkled dark grey secondary roots.[3][4] The rhizome, is covered in the remains of light brown or grey dead leaves.[3][4]

The radical leaves are light green,[4] narrow, linear, with 2–3 prominent veins.[3][4] They can grow up to between 10–25 cm (4–10 in) long,[3][4] and 1–2.5 mm wide.[2][5]

It has a slender stem, that can grow up to between 0.5–10 cm (0–4 in) tall.[3][4][6]

The stem has 2 green, narrow, lanceolate, spathes (leaves of the flower bud), that are 2.5–4 cm (1–2 in) long and between 0.5 - 0.7 cm wide.[2][4]

The stems hold 1 terminal (top of stem) flower, blooming in early May.[3][4][6]

The flowers are 2.5–3.5 cm (1–1 in) in diameter,[2][3][4] they come in shades of pink-purple.[3][4] They have dots and dashes markings on the flowers.[3][4]

Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'.[7] The falls are 5 cm (2 in) long,[3] and 0.8–1 cm wide, with a beard of clavate hairs in the middle.[4] They narrow to a thread-like claw (near to the stem).[2][4] The standards are lanceolate, with a notch at the top of the petal.[3][4]

It has a triangular shaped ovary,[3][4] it has a 1.5–2 cm long perianth tube, that is between 0.5–1 mm in diameter and yellow anthers.[4]

After the iris has flowered, in late June and early July,[4][6] it produces an oblong-oval seed capsule,[2][3][4] which has a small nose or sprout.[3][4] Inside, the capsule are brown, wrinkled and reticulate (resembling a net) seeds.[3][4]

Biochemistry

As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.[7] It has a chromosome count of 2n=20 or 2n=40.[5] Specimens from Chitinskaya Oblast in Russia, were found to have a chromosome count of 2n=20.[8]

Taxonomy

It is sometimes known as Iris invanova in Russia.[6][9][10] It is written in Russian Cyrillic script as Касатик Ивановой.[11] It is also commonly known as 'fine-leaved iris' (in Russia).[12][13]

It is not known what the Latin specific epithet ivanovae actually refers to. But it has also been used by Nothobranchius ivanovae Valdesalici, 2012 (a fish), Polypogon ivanovae Tzvelev (a grass) and Oncopsis ivanovae (a leaf hopper insect).

It was first published and described by Vladimir Doronkin in 'Flora Sibiri' (Fl. Sibir. – Arac.-Orchidac.) on page 117 in 1987.[2][14][15]

It has not yet been verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service as of 6 August 2015.

Distribution and habitat

Iris ivanovae is native to central Asia, including U.S.S.R., China and Mongolia.[14]

Range

It is found in Russia, within Siberia,[4][6][10] Buryatia (republic) (including Trans-Baikal,[3]) and Chita Oblast regions.[3][4][10] It is found in China,[3][4] within several Provinces of China, (including Jilin, Nei Mongol and Shanxi).[2] It is also found in Mongolia.[4][6][14] Including being found in Selenge Province of the Khuder District.[3][16]

It was found that specimens in the Mongolian Academy of Sciences Institute of Botany (UBA), were labelled as Iris tigridia (another Pseudoregelia iris) from Mongolia, were actually Iris ivanovae.[16]

Habitat

It grows on the rocky slopes of mountains and in gravelly steppes.[3][4][6] It can also found at the edges of elm forests,[4] (especially in China).[2]

It can be found growing with fescue grasses and tansy plants.[3][4][6]

Conservation

It has been listed in the Red Data Books of Republic of Buryatia (2002),[9][10] as a 'Vulnerable' species.[3] It was also listed in the Chita Region Data book (2002),[9][10] as 'Rare',[6] and later again in the Chita Region (in 2010).[9] Also it is rare in the Agin-Buryat Autonomous Area.[6]

Specimens have been protected in the "Dauria reserve (in Transbaikal,[12]) and Sohondin-sky reserve,[6] and growing in botanical gardens of Trans-Baikal (Chita).[3]

It is threatened due to grazing by cattle during late summer and the autumn-winter time.[3] It also does not produce much seed, due to the climatic conditions of its habitat, so only spreads vegetatively (by the rhizomes).[3]

Cultivation

It was introduced to the Trans-Baikal Botanical Garden in 1996.[6]

It has been grown in botanical gardens of Novosibirsk (Central Siberian Botanical Garden), Saint Petersburg Botanical Garden and Chita (Trans-Baikal Botanical Garden), to determine its cold hardiness. Specimens did not survive in St. Petersburg.[4]

It prefers to grow in well-drained soils, in full sun. It needs protection from winter moisture,[4] which can kill the plant.[6]

It is suitable to grow in rockeries.[6]

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References
  1. "IIris ivanovae Doronkin is an accepted name". theplantlist.org (The Plant List). 23 March 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  2. "Chinese Plant Names". efloras.org (Flora of China). Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  3. "Iris Ivanova – Iris ivanovae V. Doronkin". redbookrb.ru. 2004. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  4. "Iris Ivanova – Iris ivanovae Doronkin". flower.onego.ru. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  5. Yu, Pirogov (20 November 2003). "Iris ivanovae". signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America). Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  6. Pershin, Natalia A.; Petrovna, Korytkova Ekaterina (2013). "Species Of The Genus Iris L. (Iridaceae) In The Flora Of Eastern Transbaikalia". Scientific Notes of the Trans-Baikal State University. 1 (48). Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  7. Austin, Claire (2005). Irises; A Garden Encyclopedia. Timber Press. ISBN 0881927309.
  8. Karol Marhold, ed. (December 2012). "IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 14" (PDF). iopb.org. Retrieved 5 November 2014.
  9. "Iris ivanovae Doronkin". plantarium.ru. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  10. "Iris ivanovae V. Doronkin". flora.baikal.ru. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  11. "Iris ivanovae". oopt.aari.ru. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  12. "New archive 2010" (in Russian). dauriareserve.narod.ru. 21 December 2010. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  13. "Iris". daurzapoved.com. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  14. "Iridaceae Iris ivanovae Doronkin". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  15. IPNI Publication Search
  16. Doronkin, Vladimir; Shaulo, Dmitry; Han, Irina; Vlasova, Natalya; Ivleva, Victoria; Enkhtuya, Luvsanbaldan; Munkh-Erdene, Tovuudorj; Ochgerel, Nanjidsuren; Munkhjargal, Battseren (2015). "New records for the flora of Selenge Province (Mongolia)" (PDF). Skvortsovia. 2 (1): 8–27. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
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