Embrun, Hautes-Alpes

Embrun (French pronunciation: ​[ɑ̃bʁœ̃]; Occitan: Ambrun pronounced [amˈbryn], Latin: Ebrodunum, Ebrudunum,[2] and Eburodunum[2][3]) is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

Embrun
Commune
House of the Chanonges (13th century).
Coat of arms
Location of Embrun
Embrun
Embrun
Coordinates: 44°33′57″N 6°29′46″E
CountryFrance
RegionProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
DepartmentHautes-Alpes
ArrondissementGap
CantonEmbrun
IntercommunalitySerre-Ponçon
Government
 • Mayor (2014-2020) Chantal Eyméoud (NC)
Area
1
36.390 km2 (14.050 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
6,155
 • Density170/km2 (440/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
05046 /05200
Elevation778–2,800 m (2,552–9,186 ft)
(avg. 871 m or 2,858 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Description

It is located between Gap and Briançon and at the eastern end of one of the largest artificial lakes in Western Europe: the Lac de Serre-Ponçon.

The Canadian town of Embrun, Ontario was named after Embrun in 1856.

History

Embrun was formerly known as Ebrodunum (Ἐβρόδουνον in Greek language sources). There is some variation in the writing of the first part of the name. It is Epebrodunum in Strabo's text, but later translators corrected it. Strabo (iv.) says that from Tarasco to the borders of the Vocontii and the beginning of the ascent of the Alps, through the Druentia and Caballio, is 63 miles; and from thence to the other boundaries of the Vocontii, to the kingdom of Cottius (the Alpes Cottiae), to the village of Ebrodunum, 99 miles. Ebrodunum was in the civitas (tribal state) of the Caturiges, and just on the borders of the Vocontii, as it appears.

The position of Ebrodunum is easily determined by the itineraries and the name. Ptolemy (iii. 1) mentions Eborodunum as the city of the Caturiges, and no other. In the Jerusalem Itinerary Ebrodunum is called Mansio, like Caturiges (modern Chorges), which was also in the territory of the Caturiges. There are Roman remains at Chorges, and none are mentioned at Embrun, though it appears that the cathedral of Embrun is built on the site of a Roman temple, or that some of the materials of a temple were used for it. Ebrodunum was, for a time, the capital of the Roman province of Alpes Maritimae.

In the feudal age, it was an important archbishopric see. The town was sacked in 1585 by Huguenots and in 1692 by the duke of Savoy[4] during the Nine Years' War.

In stage 17 of the 2013 Tour de France, Embrun was the starting point for an individual time trial. In 2017, stage 19 of the Tour de France started at Embrun.[5]

Ecclesiastical history

Embrun was the see of a bishopric since the fourth century, which became a Metropolitan archbishopric in the fourteenth century and was suppressed in the French Revolution.

Demographic evolution

Climate

Embrun features an oceanic climate (Cfb) with strong continental influences (Dfb). Winters are rather cold and snowy. Winter nights are very cold (about -3 °C) compare to the other French cities. That's because Embrun is very far from the French coasts, and near the mountains. It creates a severe climate throughout the year. In spite of the cold winters, summers tend to be hot and hazy. The afternoon average temperatures are around 28 °C, but can sometimes exceed 35 °C.

Climate data for Embrun, Hautes-Alpes (1981–2010 averages)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 19.0
(66.2)		 21.3
(70.3)		 24.3
(75.7)		 28.4
(83.1)		 31.8
(89.2)		 38.4
(101.1)		 36.7
(98.1)		 36.1
(97.0)		 33.5
(92.3)		 27.5
(81.5)		 22.5
(72.5)		 17.7
(63.9)		 38.4
(101.1)
Average high °C (°F) 6.8
(44.2)		 8.4
(47.1)		 12.4
(54.3)		 15.2
(59.4)		 19.7
(67.5)		 23.8
(74.8)		 27.3
(81.1)		 27.0
(80.6)		 22.3
(72.1)		 17.1
(62.8)		 10.8
(51.4)		 7.1
(44.8)		 16.5
(61.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 2.0
(35.6)		 3.0
(37.4)		 6.5
(43.7)		 9.3
(48.7)		 13.7
(56.7)		 17.2
(63.0)		 20.3
(68.5)		 20.0
(68.0)		 16.0
(60.8)		 11.7
(53.1)		 6.0
(42.8)		 2.7
(36.9)		 10.7
(51.3)
Average low °C (°F) −2.8
(27.0)		 −2.5
(27.5)		 0.6
(33.1)		 3.4
(38.1)		 7.5
(45.5)		 10.6
(51.1)		 13.1
(55.6)		 12.9
(55.2)		 9.6
(49.3)		 6.2
(43.2)		 1.1
(34.0)		 −1.7
(28.9)		 4.9
(40.8)
Record low °C (°F) −19.1
(−2.4)		 −18.8
(−1.8)		 −13.9
(7.0)		 −6.3
(20.7)		 −3.2
(26.2)		 −0.8
(30.6)		 3.4
(38.1)		 3.4
(38.1)		 −0.4
(31.3)		 −5.3
(22.5)		 −11.2
(11.8)		 −15.6
(3.9)		 −19.1
(−2.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 51.9
(2.04)		 45.1
(1.78)		 50.1
(1.97)		 61.2
(2.41)		 68.0
(2.68)		 61.0
(2.40)		 46.8
(1.84)		 51.9
(2.04)		 69.0
(2.72)		 85.8
(3.38)		 69.0
(2.72)		 66.7
(2.63)		 726.5
(28.60)
Average precipitation days 5.8 5.0 6.2 8.0 9.4 8.2 5.8 6.7 6.6 8.4 6.7 6.7 83.6
Average snowy days 8.4 7.3 5.6 2.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 3.0 6.2 33.3
Average relative humidity (%) 66 64 61 61 64 65 59 62 66 68 68 66 64.2
Mean monthly sunshine hours 160.1 178.8 225.8 208.0 222.4 263.9 292.1 268.7 227.1 181.1 144.5 138.6 2,510.9
Source 1: Meteo France[6][7]
Source 2: Infoclimat.fr (humidity, snowy days 1961–1990)[8]
Our Lady of Embrun cathedral: the tympanum on the northern side portal.

Population
Historical population
YearPop.±%
20056,188—    
20066,230+0.7%
20076,345+1.8%
20086,267−1.2%
20096,188−1.3%
20106,110−1.3%
20116,155+0.7%
20126,143−0.2%
20136,123−0.3%
20146,150+0.4%
20156,177+0.4%
20166,174−0.0%
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See also

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Richard Talbert, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, (ISBN 0-691-03169-X), Map 17 and notes.
  3. Arthur James Johnes (1843). Philological Proofs of the Original Unity and Recent Origin of the Human Race: Derived from a Comparison of the Languages of Asia, Europe, Africa, and America. Being an Inquiry how Far the Differences in the Languages of the Globe are Referrible to Causes Now in Operation. S. Clarke. pp. 75–.
  4.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Embrun". Encyclopædia Britannica. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 314.
  5. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-07-24. Retrieved 2017-07-22.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. "Données climatiques de la station de Embrun" (in French). Meteo France. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
  7. "Climat Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur" (in French). Meteo France. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
  8. "Normes et records 1961-1990: Embrun (05) - altitude 871m" (in French). Infoclimat. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
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