Elections in Cambodia

Cambodia is a one party dominant state with the Cambodian People's Party in power. Cambodia's legislature is chosen through a national election. The general election is held every five years in the fourth Sunday of July. The Parliament of Cambodia has two chambers. The National Assembly of Cambodia (Khmer: រដ្ឋសភា, Rotsaphea) has 125 members, each elected for a five-year term by proportional representation. The Senate (Khmer: ព្រឹទ្ធសភា, Protsaphea) has 62 members, mostly indirectly elected.

Since the signing of the 1991 Paris Peace Accords ending decades of civil war and foreign occupation, and with the final elimination in 1998 of armed insurgency groups inside the country, five national elections have taken place in Cambodia in 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008 and 2013. The first national elections were administered by United Nations Transitional Authority for Cambodia (UNTAC) in July 1993, the first commune-level election was held in February 2002 and the Cambodian Senate was elected for the first time by the elected commune council officials in January 2006.

Three main political parties have dominated Cambodian politics over the last decade: the Cambodian People's Party (CPP), the United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC) and, more recently, the Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP). Although the CPP dominated the elections held on July 27, 2003, it did not win the two-thirds majority required under the constitution to form a government on its own. A new government was formed on July 15, 2004, after protracted negotiations between the CPP and FUNCINPEC on forming a coalition government.[1] In early 2006, the CPP further consolidated its hold on power by passing an amendment to the constitution through Parliament that will allow for a 50% plus one majority in the National Assembly to form a government (instead of the two-thirds majority), thereby reducing its future reliance on FUNCINPEC or another coalition partner.

Scheduled elections

2018 Cambodian Senate election (25 February 2018)

Past elections

2018 general election

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–

	Cambodian People's Party	4,889,113	76.85	125	+57
	FUNCINPEC	374,510	5.89	0	0
	League for Democracy Party	309,364	4.86	0	0
	Khmer Will Party	212,869	3.35	0	New
	Khmer National United Party	99,377	1.56	0	New
	Grassroots Democratic Party	70,567	1.11	0	New
	Beehive Social Democratic Party	56,024	0.88	0	New
	Khmer Anti-Poverty Party	55,298	0.87	0	0
	Khmer United Party	48,785	0.77	0	New
	Cambodian Nationality Party	45,370	0.71	0	0
	Khmer Republican Party	41,631	0.65	0	New
	Cambodian Youth Party	39,333	0.62	0	New
	Dharmacracy Party	29,060	0.46	0	New
	Khmer Economic Development Party	23,255	0.37	0	0
	Khmer Rise Party	22,002	0.35	0	New
	Ponleu Thmey Party	13,509	0.21	0	New
	Cambodia Indigenous People's Democracy Party	10,197	0.16	0	New
	Our Motherland Party	9,174	0.14	0	New
	Republican Democracy Party	8,591	0.14	0	0
	Reaksmey Khemara Party	4,212	0.07	0	New
Invalid/blank votes		594,659	–	–	–
Total		6,956,900	100	125	+2
Registered voters/turnout		8,380,217	83.02	–	–
Source: National Election Committee

2017 Communal Elections

Party		Votes	%	Chiefs	+/–	Councillors	+/–
	Cambodian People's Party	3,540,056	50.76	1,156	436	6,503	1,789
	Cambodia National Rescue Party	3,056,824	43.83	489	449	5,007	2,052
	FUNCINPEC	132,319	1.90	0	1	28	123
	League for Democracy Party	122,882	1.76	0		4	4
	Khmer National United Party	78,724	1.13	1	1	24	24
	Beehive Social Democratic Party	31,334	0.45	0		1	1
	Grassroots Democracy Party	4,981	0.07	0		5	5
	Cambodian Nationality Party	2,161	0.03	0		0	1
	Cambodian Youth Party	1,505	0.02	0		0
	Cambodia Indigenous People's Democracy Party	1,272	0.02	0		0
	Khmer Power Party	1,035	0.01	0		0
	Republican Democracy Party	818	0.01	0		0
Invalid/blank votes		133,484
Total		7,107,395	100	1,646	13	11,572	113
Registered voters/turnout		7,865,033	90.37
Source: National Election Committee

2013 general election

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–

	Cambodian People's Party	3,235,969	48.83	68	–22
	Cambodia National Rescue Party	2,946,176	44.46	55	+26
	FUNCINPEC	242,413	3.66	0	–2
	League for Democracy Party	68,389	1.03	0	0
	Khmer Anti-Poverty Party	43,222	0.65	0	0
	Cambodian Nationality Party	38,123	0.58	0	New
	Republican Democracy Party	33,715	0.51	0	New
	Khmer Economic Development Party	19,152	0.29	0	New
Invalid/blank votes		108,085	–	–	–
Total		6,735,244	100	123	0
Registered voters/turnout		9,675,453	69.61	–	–
Source: National Election Committee

2008 general election

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–

	Cambodian People's Party	3,492,374	58.11	90	+17
	Sam Rainsy Party	1,316,714	21.93	26	+2
	Human Rights Party	397,816	6.62	3	New
	Norodom Ranariddh Party	337,943	5.62	2	New
	FUNCINPEC	303,764	5.05	2	–24
	League for Democracy Party	68,909	1.15	0	New
	Khmer Democratic Party	32,386	0.54	0	0
	Hang Dara Democratic Movement Party	25,065	0.42	0	0
	Society of Justice Party	14,112	0.23	0	New
	Khmer Republican Party	11,693	0.19	0	New
	Khmer Anti-Poverty Party	9,501	0.16	0	New
Invalid/blank votes		90,607	–	–	–
Total		6,100,884	100	123	0
Registered voters/turnout		8,125,529	75.08	–	–
Source: COMFREL

2003 general election

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–

	Cambodian People's Party	2,447,259	47.35	73	+9
	FUNCINPEC	1,072,313	20.75	26	–17
	Sam Rainsy Party	1,130,423	21.87	24	+9
	Khmer Democratic Party	95,927	1.86	0	0
	The Rice Party	76,086	1.47	0	New
	Indra Buddra Party	62,338	1.21	0	New
	Khmer Soul Party	56,010	1.08	0	New
	Cambodian Development Party	36,838	0.71	0	New
	Khmer Angkor Party	26,385	0.51	0	0
	Cambodian Women's Party	23,538	0.46	0	New
	Khmer Front Party	20,272	0.39	0	New
	Khmer Unity Party	18,309	0.35	0	0
	Hang Dara Democratic Movement Party	15,671	0.30	0	New
	Khmer Spiritual Aspiration Party	14,342	0.28	0	New
	Kon Khmer Party	14,018	0.27	0	New
	Union of National Solidarity Party	11,676	0.23	0	New
	Khmer Help Khmer	9,482	0.18	0	New
	Farmer's Party	9,449	0.18	0	New
	Molinaka and the Khmer Freedom Fighters Party	6,808	0.13	0	0
	Cambodian Free Independent Democratic Party	6,806	0.13	0	New
	Khmer Citizens' Party	6,526	0.13	0	0
	National Khmer Party	4,232	0.08	0	New
	Liberal Democratic Party	4,129	0.08	0	0
Invalid/blank votes		108,657	–	–	–
Total		5,277,494	100	123	+1
Registered voters/turnout		6,341,834	83.22	–	–
Source: COMFREL

1998 general election

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–

	Cambodian People's Party	2,030,790	41.4	64	+13
	FUNCINPEC	1,554,405	31.7	43	–15
	Sam Rainsy Party	699,665	14.3	15	New
	Khmer Democratic Party	90,000	1.8	0	New
	Cambodian National Sustaining Party	71,093	1.4	0	New
	Liberal Democratic Party for National Salvation	46,424	0.9	0	New
	Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party	45,849	0.9	0	–10
	Nationalist Party	37,308	0.8	0	New
	Buddhist Liberal Party	32,959	0.7	0	New
	Khmer Angkor Party	26,482	0.5	0	New
	Cambodian Citizens' Party	23,713	0.5	0	New
	Cambodian Unity Party	19,232	0.4	0	New
	Republican Coalition Party	14,869	0.3	0	0
	Liberal Democratic Party	14,088	0.3	0	0
	Free Development Republican Party	13,780	0.3	0	0
	Rally for National Solidarity	13,038	0.3	0	0
	National Unification Party	11,089	0.2	0	New
	National Restoration Party	10,451	0.2	0	New
	Light of Freedom Party	8,395	0.2	0	New
	MOULINAKA and Naktaorsou Khmer for Freedom	8,395	0.2	0	–1
	Free Independent Democracy Party	3,938	0.1	0	0
	Neutral Democratic Party of Cambodia	3,869	0.1	0	0
	Free Republican Party	1,654	0.0	0	0
	Twelve other parties	119,372	2.4	0	0
Invalid/blank votes		155,189	–	–	–
Total		5,057,679	100	122	+2
Registered voters/turnout		5,395,595	93.7	–	–
Source: Nohlen et al.

1993 general election

Party	Votes	%	Seats

FUNCINPEC	1,824,188	45.5	58
Cambodian People's Party	1,533,471	38.2	51
Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party	152,764	3.8	10
Liberal Democratic Party	62,698	1.6	0
MOULINAKA	55,107	1.4	1
Khmer Neutral Party	48,113	1.2	0
PD	41,799	1.0	0
Free Independent Democracy Party	37,474	0.9	0
Free Republican Party	31,348	0.8	0
Liberal Reconciliation Party	29,738	0.7	0
Cambodge Renaissance Party	28,071	0.7	0
Republican Coalition Party	27,680	0.7	0
Khmer National Congress Party	25,751	0.6	0
Neutral Democratic Party of Cambodia	24,394	0.6	0
Khmer Farmer Liberal Democracy	20,776	0.5	0
Free Development Republican Party	20,425	0.5	0
Rally for National Solidarity	14,569	0.4	0
Action for Democracy and Development	13,914	0.4	0
Republican Democracy Khmer Party	11,524	0.3	0
Nationalist Khmer Party	7,827	0.2	0
Invalid/blank votes	255,561	–	–
Total	4,267,192	100	120
Registered voters/turnout	4,764,618	89.56	–
Source: Nohlen et al.[2]

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References

Country Assessment Strategy (CAS) for the Kingdom of Cambodia, World Bank, April 18, 2005.
Nohlen et al. (2001), p. 70

External links

National Election Committee (NEC)
Adam Carr's Election Archive
Cambodia Development Resource Institute (CDRI) - Development policy research institute
Committee for Free and Fair Elections in Cambodia (COMFREL) - NGO
Coalition for Free and Fair Elections (COFFEL) - NGO

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[1] Country Assessment Strategy (CAS) for the Kingdom of Cambodia, World Bank, April 18, 2005.

[2] Nohlen et al. (2001), p. 70

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