Cornelia Bargmann

Cornelia Isabella "Cori" Bargmann (born 1961)[2] is an American neurobiologist. She is known for her work on the genetic and neural circuit mechanisms of behavior using C. elegans, particularly the mechanisms of olfaction in the worm. She has been elected to the National Academy of Sciences and had been a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at UCSF and then Rockefeller University from 1995 to 2016. It was announced on September 21, 2016 that she had been named the incoming president of science at the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, effective October 1, 2016. In 2012 she was awarded the $1 million Kavli Prize, and in 2013 the $3 million Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences.

Cornelia Bargmann
Born
Cornelia Isabella Bargmann

January 1, 1961 (1961-01) (age 59)
Virginia[1]
Alma materUniversity of Georgia, MIT
Known forOlfaction research
Spouse(s)Richard Axel
Scientific career
FieldsBiochemistry, cancer biology
InstitutionsRockefeller University
Doctoral advisorRobert Weinberg
Other academic advisorsH. Robert Horvitz

Early Life and Education

Bargmann was born in Virginia and grew up in Athens, Georgia. Her parents are European immigrants.[3] She is one of four sisters, and the daughter of Rolf Bargmann, a statistician and computer scientist at the University of Georgia.[4] She grew up playing the piano and was exposed to literature and education from a very young age. She described her family as “frighteningly well educated”.[5] She was inspired to study science because her older sister attended medical school. She also says that growing up in the space era fostered her love for science.[3]

She completed undergraduate studies at the University of Georgia in 1981, with a degree in biochemistry. While at UGA she grew her lab experience by working in Wyatt Anderson's biology lab and then in Sidney Kushner's genetics lab.[5] She completed graduate school from MIT with a Ph.D in the department of Biology in 1987 in the lab of Robert Weinberg. She examined the molecular mechanisms of oncogenesis, and helped identify the role of Ras in bladder cancer. She wrote her thesis on neu, a non-Ras oncogene. Although the relevance of her research was doubted at the time, it later led to significant treatments in breast cancer.[5]

Career and Research

Bargmann completed a postdoc with H. Robert Horvitz at MIT, working on molecular biology mechanisms of neuroscience. She began working on chemosensory behavior in C. elegans, and achieved several breakthroughs, demonstrating, among other things, that nematodes have a sense of smell.[5]

Bargmann accepted a faculty position at UCSF in the department of Anatomy in 1995. She was ultimately promoted from assistance professor to professor in 1998, and served as vice chair of the department from 1999–2000. At UCSF, she started her own lab with collaborator Marc Tessier-Lavigne.[5]

She continued her studies of worm behavior and neural control, focusing on olfaction at the molecular level. She looked for genes similar to those found by Richard Axel and Linda Buck to be the basis of smell and taste, and found those genes in the recently sequenced genome of C elegans. Her work led to discoveries of the mechanisms underlying complex behaviors, such as feeding behaviors.[5] The work has continued to lead to a deeper understanding of the brain, sensory abilities, and neuronal development. Bargmann also identified SYG-1, a "matchmaker" molecule—a molecule that directs neurons to form connections with each other during development.[6][7]

In 2004, Bargmann moved to Rockefeller University.[6] She says that the reason for the move is that she wanted more flexibility to focus on research.[3] She served as an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute until 2016 before she took the President of CZI. Bargmann's lab uses a relatively simple organism, the nematode C. elegans, and its extremely sensitive sense of smell to study how genes regulate neuronal development, function, and behavior. Her work has been recognized with numerous awards including election to the National Academy of Sciences.

Bargmann was the co-chair of the BRAIN initiative and is the Head of Science for the Chan Zuckerberg initiative. She won the Breakthrough prize in Life Sciences in 2013.[3]

Bargmann is married to fellow olfactory scientist Richard Axel, a Nobel laureate. Previously, she had been married to Michael J. Finney, who also completed graduate studies at MIT and is now a Director at Sage Science, Inc.

For a vivid portrait of Bargmann as a young scientist working in Weinberg's lab, see Natalie Angier's book Natural Obsessions: The Search for the Oncogene.

Notable papers
  • Shen, Kang; Bargmann, Cornelia I. (March 7, 2003). "The immunoglobin superfamily protein SYG-1 determines the location of specific synapses in C. Elegans". Cell. 112 (5): 619–630. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00113-2. PMID 12628183. [4][8]
  • de Bono, Mario; Bargmann, Cornelia I. (September 4, 1998). "Natural variation in a neuropeptide Y receptor homolog modifies social behavior and food response in C. Elegans". Cell. 94 (5): 679–689. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81609-8. PMID 9741632.
  • Troemel, Emily R; Kimmel, Bruce E; Bargmann, Cornelia I (October 1997). "Reprogramming Chemotaxis Responses: Sensory Neurons Define Olfactory Preferences in C. elegans". Cell. 91 (2): 161–169. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80399-2. PMID 9346234.
  • Zhang, Yun; Lu, Hang; Bargmann, Cornelia I. (November 2005). "Pathogenic bacteria induce aversive olfactory learning in Caenorhabditis elegans". Nature. 438 (7065): 179–184. Bibcode:2005Natur.438..179Z. doi:10.1038/nature04216. PMID 16281027.
  • Chalasani, Sreekanth H.; Chronis, Nikos; Tsunozaki, Makoto; Gray, Jesse M.; Ramot, Daniel; Goodman, Miriam B.; Bargmann, Cornelia I. (November 2007). "Dissecting a circuit for olfactory behaviour in Caenorhabditis elegans". Nature. 450 (7166): 63–70. Bibcode:2007Natur.450...63C. doi:10.1038/nature06292. PMID 17972877.
  • Chalasani, Sreekanth H.; Kato, Saul; Albrecht, Dirk R.; Nakagawa, Takao; Abbott, L. F.; Bargmann, Cornelia I. (May 2010). "Neuropeptide feedback modifies odor-evoked dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans olfactory neurons". Nature Neuroscience. 13 (5): 615–621. doi:10.1038/nn.2526. PMC 2937567. PMID 20364145.

Awards
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gollark: Use SQLite utterly?
gollark: I wonder how well NLP does at sarcasm. Hmm.
gollark: Possibly entirely, I forget.
gollark: The thing mostly removes pings.

References

Footnotes
  1. The Kavli Prize: "Cornelia Bargmann" Archived 2013-12-03 at the Wayback Machine
  2. "Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter B" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
  3. Neill, Ushma S. (2 July 2018). "A conversation with Cornelia Bargmann". Journal of Clinical Investigation. 128 (7): 2655–2656. doi:10.1172/JCI122804. PMC 6025965. PMID 30108194.
  4. Crevar.
  5. Marino, M. (22 February 2005). "Biography of Cornelia I. Bargmann". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102 (9): 3181–3183. doi:10.1073/pnas.0500025102. PMC 552904. PMID 15728356.
  6. Rockefeller, Jan. 5, 2004.
  7. Friend, Tim (March 10, 2003). "Nerve cell mystery is unlocked". USA Today.
  8. UCSF (description of paper)
  9. https://www.aibs.org/public-policy-reports/2008/10/27/nas-announces-c.html

Sources
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