Xiaowei Zhuang

Xiaowei Zhuang (simplified Chinese: 庄小威; traditional Chinese: 莊小威; pinyin: Zhuāng Xiǎowēi; born January 1972) is a Chinese-American biophysicist who is the David B. Arnold Jr. Professor of Science, Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and Professor of Physics at Harvard University,[1][2][3] and an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.[4] She is best known for her work in the development of Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM),[5][6][7] a super-resolution fluorescence microscopy method, and the discoveries of novel cellular structures using STORM. She received a 2019 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences for developing super-resolution imaging techniques that get past the diffraction limits of traditional light microscopes, allowing scientists to visualize small structures within living cells.[8] She was elected a Member of the American Philosophical Society in 2019 and was awarded a Vilcek Foundation Prize in Biomedical Science in 2020.[9]

This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhuang.
Xiaowei Zhuang
Born (1972-01-21) January 21, 1972
Rugao, Jiangsu, China
EducationSuzhou High School
University of Science and Technology of China
University of California, Berkeley
Known forStochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM)
AwardsMacArthur Fellows Program, ACS Award in Pure Chemistry, Max Delbruck Prize, Sackler Prize, NAS Award in Molecular Biology, Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, Vilcek Prize in Biomedical Science
Scientific career
FieldsBiophysics
InstitutionsHarvard University
Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Early life and education

Zhuang's father Zhuang Lixian (庄礼贤)[10] and mother Zhu Renzhi (朱仁芝) are both professors at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC).[11][12][13]

Zhuang graduated from the USTC with a B.S. in Physics in 1991. She obtained her Ph.D. in Physics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1996 and conducted her thesis research under the supervision of Dr. Yuen-Ron Shen. In 1997-2001, she was a Chodorow Postdoctoral Fellow in the laboratory of Dr. Steven Chu at Stanford University. She started her faculty position in the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and the Department of Physics at Harvard University in 2001 and was promoted to full professor in 2006.[14]

She was named a Howard Hughes Medical Investigator in 2005.[14]

Research

Zhuang's laboratory invented Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM), a single-molecule-based super-resolution fluorescence microscopy method.[5] The Zhuang laboratory demonstrated three-dimensional super-resolution imaging with STORM.[7] The Zhuang laboratory also discovered several photoswitchable dye molecules[6][15][16] that enabled STORM imaging and demonstrated live-cell STORM imaging.[16][17]

Using STORM, Zhuang and colleagues have studied a variety of biological systems, ranging from single-cell organisms to complex brain tissues. These studies led to the discovery of novel cellular structures, such as the periodic membrane skeletons in the axons of neurons[18][19] and provided insights into many other cellular structures.[20][21][22]

The Zhuang laboratory invented a single-cell transcriptome imaging method, MERFISH (multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization), which allows numerous RNA species to be imaged and quantified in single cells in their native context.[23] Zhuang and colleagues used single-molecule FRET to study biomolecules and molecular complexes[24][25][26][27][28] and developed single-virus tracking methods to study virus-cell interactions.[29][30][31]

Honors and awards
gollark: It probably won't be "over" until 2021 or so.
gollark: Interesting.
gollark: `npm install -g financial-support`
gollark: (also unix line endings are superior)
gollark: No, I know about these "line endings", I mean by what definition is "life" a "scam"?

References
  1. "Zhuang Lab Webpage". zhuang.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  2. "Harvard Chemistry and Chemical Biology Faculty: Xiaowei Zhuang". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  3. "Harvard Physics Faculty: Xiaowei Zhuang". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  4. "HHMI Scientist Bio: Xiaowei Zhuang, Ph.D". Hhmi.org. Retrieved 2012-06-29.
  5. Rust, MJ; Bates, M; Zhuang, X (2006). "Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM)". Nature Methods. 3: 793–796. doi:10.1038/nmeth929. PMC 2700296. PMID 16896339.
  6. Bates, M; Huang, B; Dempsey, GT; Zhuang, X (September 2007). "Multicolor Super-Resolution Imaging with Photo-Switchable Fluorescent Probes". Science. 317: 1749–1753. Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1749B. doi:10.1126/science.1146598. PMC 2633025. PMID 17702910.
  7. Huang, B; Wang, W; Bates, M; Zhuang, X (February 2008). "Three-Dimensional Super-Resolution Imaging by Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy". Science. 319: 810–813. Bibcode:2008Sci...319..810H. doi:10.1126/science.1153529. PMC 2633023. PMID 18174397.
  8. "Breakthrough Prize – Winners of the 2019 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, Fundamental Physics and Mathematics Announced". breakthroughprize.org. Retrieved 2018-10-18.
  9. "Xiaowei Zhuang". Vilcek Foundation. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  10. "庄礼贤中科大主页".
  11. "朱仁芝中科大主页".
  12. "美国科学院院士庄小威：庄家有女是奇才".
  13. "《中国科大报》551期".
  14. "Xiaowei Zhuang receives 2019 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences". Harvard Gazette. 2018-10-17. Retrieved 2018-10-18.
  15. Bates, Mark (2005). "Short-Range Spectroscopic Ruler Based on a Single-Molecule Optical Switch". Physical Review Letters. 94: 108101. arXiv:q-bio/0502012. Bibcode:2005PhRvL..94j8101B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.108101. PMC 2652517. PMID 15783528.
  16. Shim, SH; Xia, C; Zhong, G; Babcock, HP; Vaughan, JC; Huang, B; Wang, X; Xu, C; Bi, GQ; Zhuang, X (2012). "Super-resolution fluorescence imaging of organelles in live cells with photoswitchable membrane probes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109: 13978–13983. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10913978S. doi:10.1073/pnas.1201882109. PMC 3435176. PMID 22891300.
  17. Jones, SA; Shim, SH; He, J; Zhuang, X (June 2011). "Fast, three-dimensional super-resolution imaging of live cells". Nature Methods. 8: 499–505. doi:10.1038/nmeth.1605. PMC 3137767. PMID 21552254.
  18. Xu, K; Zhong, G; Zhuang, X (2013). "Actin, Spectrin, and Associated Proteins Form a Periodic Cytoskeletal Structure in Axons". Science. 339: 452–456. Bibcode:2013Sci...339..452X. doi:10.1126/science.1232251. PMC 3815867. PMID 23239625.
  19. Zhong, G; He, J; Zhou, R; Lorenzo, D; Babcock, HP; Bennett, V; Zhuang, X (2014). "Developmental mechanism of the periodic membrane skeleton in axons". eLife. 3. doi:10.7554/eLife.04581. PMC 4337613. PMID 25535840.
  20. Dani, Adish (2010). "Superresolution Imaging of Chemical Synapses in the Brain". Neuron. 68: 843–856. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.021. PMC 3057101. PMID 21144999.
  21. Doksani, Ylli; Wu, John Y.; de Lange, Titia; Zhuang, Xiaowei (2013). "Super-Resolution Fluorescence Imaging of Telomeres Reveals TRF2-Dependent T-loop Formation". Cell. 155: 345–356. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.09.048.
  22. Chung, Jean-Ju; Shim, Sang-Hee; Everley, Robert A.; Gygi, Steven P.; Zhuang, Xiaowei; Clapham, David E. (2014). "Structurally Distinct Ca2+ Signaling Domains of Sperm Flagella Orchestrate Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Motility". Cell. 157: 808–822. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.02.056.
  23. Chen, K. H.; Boettiger, A. N.; Moffitt, J. R.; Wang, S.; Zhuang, X. (2015). "Spatially resolved, highly multiplexed RNA profiling in single cells". Science. 348: aaa6090. doi:10.1126/science.aaa6090. PMC 4662681. PMID 25858977.
  24. Zhuang, X. (2000). "A Single-Molecule Study of RNA Catalysis and Folding". Science. 288: 2048–2051. Bibcode:2000Sci...288.2048Z. doi:10.1126/science.288.5473.2048.
  25. Stone, MD; Mihalusova, M; O'Connor, CM; Prathapam, R; Collins, K; Zhuang, X (2007). "Stepwise protein-mediated RNA folding directs assembly of telomerase ribonucleoprotein". Nature. 446: 458–461. Bibcode:2007Natur.446..458S. doi:10.1038/nature05600. PMC 2720403. PMID 17322903.
  26. Abbondanzieri, EA; Bokinsky, G; Rausch, JW; Zhang, JX; Le Grice, SF; Zhuang, X (2008). "Dynamic binding orientations direct activity of HIV reverse transcriptase". Nature. 453: 184–189. Bibcode:2008Natur.453..184A. doi:10.1038/nature06941. PMC 2655135. PMID 18464735.
  27. Blosser, TR; Yang, JG; Stone, MD; Narlikar, GJ; Zhuang, X (2009). "Dynamics of nucleosome remodelling by individual ACF complexes". Nature. 462: 1022–1027. Bibcode:2009Natur.462.1022B. doi:10.1038/nature08627. PMC 2835771. PMID 20033040.
  28. Hwang, WL; Deindl, S; Harada, BT; Zhuang, X (2014). "Histone H4 tail mediates allosteric regulation of nucleosome remodelling by linker DNA". Nature. 512: 213–217. Bibcode:2014Natur.512..213H. doi:10.1038/nature13380. PMC 4134374. PMID 25043036.
  29. Lakadamyali, M. (2003). "Visualizing infection of individual influenza viruses". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 100: 9280–9285. Bibcode:2003PNAS..100.9280L. doi:10.1073/pnas.0832269100. PMC 170909. PMID 12883000.
  30. Rust, MJ; Lakadamyali, M; Zhang, F; Zhuang, X (2004). "Assembly of endocytic machinery around individual influenza viruses during viral entry". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 11: 567–573. doi:10.1038/nsmb769. PMC 2748740. PMID 15122347.
  31. Brandenburg, B; Zhuang, X (2007). "Virus trafficking – learning from single-virus tracking". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 5: 197–208. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1615. PMC 2740720. PMID 17304249.
  32. "PEARL MEISTER GREENGARD PRIZE". Rockefeller University. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  33. "Xiaowei Zhuang". www.nasonline.org.
  34. "Xiaowei Zhuang awarded Heineken Prize". Harvard Gazette. 25 April 2019.
  35. https://pittcon.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Pittsburgh-Analytical-Chemistry-Previous-Recipients.pdf
  36. http://www.cas.cn/tz/201512/t20151207_4488383.shtml 关于公布2015年中国科学院院士增选当选院士名单的公告
  37. "Zhuang, Xiaowei". Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.