Bardos, Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Bardos (Basque Bardoze) is a commune in the former Basque province of Labourd in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.[2]

Bardos

Bardoze
Commune
The Town Square
Coat of arms
Location of Bardos
Bardos
Bardos
Coordinates: 43°28′32″N 1°12′09″W
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementBayonne
CantonNive-Adour
IntercommunalityCA Pays Basque
Government
 • Mayor (2008–2020) Jean-Paul Diribarne
Area
1
42.53 km2 (16.42 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
1,828
 • Density43/km2 (110/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
64094 /64520
Elevation0–183 m (0–600 ft)
(avg. 180 m or 590 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Bardoztars.[3]

Geography

Bardos is located some 15 km east of Bayonne just south of Guiche. The north-eastern tip of the commune is also the departmental border between Pyrénées-Atlantiques and Landes. Access to the commune is by the D936 road from Briscous in the west which passes through the heart of the commune and the town and continues east to Bidache. The D253 goes north from the town to Guiche. The D318 goes south from the town to join the D123 west of Orègue. The D10 branches off the D936 in the west of the commune and goes south to La Bastide-Clairence. The A64 autoroute (E80) passes through the north of the commune with the nearest exit being Exit  4  which exits to the D936 just 1 km to the west of the commune. The commune is mostly farmland with scattered forested areas particularly on the slopes.[4][5]

The town is served by the interurban network of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (Transports 64) by route 811 to Bayonne and Tardets-Sorholus.[6]

There is a dense network of streams across the whole commune. The north-eastern tip of the commune has the Bidouze as the communal and the departmental border. The Ruisseau d'Ermou flows through the commune and joins the Bidouze at the north-eastern tip of the commune. The Ruisseau du Termi forms much of the northern border as it flows north-west to join the Adour north of the commune. Numerous other streams rise in the commune and flow north to the Adour. The Lihoury river forms part of the south-eastern border of the commune as it flows north, fed by the Laharanne, and joins the Bidouze east of Bidache. The Ruisseau d'Appât rises in the commune and flows south to join the Lihoury. The Arbéroue forms much of the southern border of the commune as it flows east to join the Lihoury. The Aran forms most of the western border of the commune as it flows north then turns west to join the Adour. Numerous streams flow in the heart of the commune including the Ruisseau d'Artigue, the Ithurriague, and the Bardolle.[4]

Geology and terrain

The area of the commune is 4,253 hectares with a maximum altitude of 186 m on the Miremont hill which is the location of an old 14th century mansion as well as a water tower built on a panoramic viewpoint overlooking the Adour valley.

Climate

The climate of Bardos, some twenty kilometres from the Basque coast, is relatively similar to that of Biarritz with fairly heavy rainfall: the oceanic climate due to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean. The average winter temperature is around 8 °C and around 20 °C in summer. The lowest temperature recorded was -12.7 °C on 16 January 1985 and the highest 40.6 °C on 4 August 2003. Rain on the Basque coast is rarely persistent except during winter storms. It often takes the form of intense thunderstorms of short duration.

Town Sunshine

(hours/yr)		 Rain

(mm/yr)		Snow

(days/yr)		Storm

(days/yr)		Fog

(days/yr)
National Average 1,973770142240
Bardos[8] 1,9201,45023629
Paris 1,661637121810
Nice 2,7247671291
Strasbourg 1,693665292956
Brest 1,6051,21171275
Climate data for Biarritz
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 23.4
(74.1)		 28.9
(84.0)		 29.7
(85.5)		 32.1
(89.8)		 34.8
(94.6)		 39.2
(102.6)		 39.8
(103.6)		 40.6
(105.1)		 37.0
(98.6)		 32.2
(90.0)		 26.1
(79.0)		 25.1
(77.2)		 40.6
(105.1)
Average high °C (°F) 12.0
(53.6)		 12.8
(55.0)		 15.0
(59.0)		 16.3
(61.3)		 19.6
(67.3)		 22.1
(71.8)		 24.1
(75.4)		 24.7
(76.5)		 23.2
(73.8)		 20.1
(68.2)		 15.1
(59.2)		 12.5
(54.5)		 18.1
(64.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 8.4
(47.1)		 9.0
(48.2)		 11.0
(51.8)		 12.4
(54.3)		 15.7
(60.3)		 18.4
(65.1)		 20.4
(68.7)		 20.9
(69.6)		 18.9
(66.0)		 16.0
(60.8)		 11.5
(52.7)		 9.0
(48.2)		 14.3
(57.7)
Average low °C (°F) 4.8
(40.6)		 5.1
(41.2)		 7.0
(44.6)		 8.5
(47.3)		 11.7
(53.1)		 14.6
(58.3)		 16.7
(62.1)		 17.0
(62.6)		 14.5
(58.1)		 11.9
(53.4)		 7.7
(45.9)		 5.5
(41.9)		 10.4
(50.7)
Record low °C (°F) −12.7
(9.1)		 −11.5
(11.3)		 −7.2
(19.0)		 −1.3
(29.7)		 3.3
(37.9)		 5.3
(41.5)		 9.2
(48.6)		 8.6
(47.5)		 5.3
(41.5)		 −0.6
(30.9)		 −5.7
(21.7)		 −8.9
(16.0)		 −12.7
(9.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 128.8
(5.07)		 111.5
(4.39)		 103.5
(4.07)		 129.7
(5.11)		 113.4
(4.46)		 87.8
(3.46)		 69.3
(2.73)		 98.4
(3.87)		 119.4
(4.70)		 152.0
(5.98)		 186.2
(7.33)		 149.8
(5.90)		 1,449.8
(57.08)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 13.4 12.0 11.9 13.6 12.9 10.4 8.8 9.6 9.7 12.5 13.0 12.6 140.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours 98.5 115.6 163.4 171.7 194.2 206.9 216.5 209.1 197.1 146.5 106.6 93.9 1,920
Source 1: Meteorological data for Biarritz – 69m altitude, from 1981 to 2010 January 2015 (in French)
Source 2: Record Temperatures for Biarritz since 1951 January 2015 (in French)

Places and hamlets

On the Napoleonic Cadastral Map of 1818 the commune was divided into four sections:[9]

  • Section A, Lassarrade
  • Section B, Legarre
  • Section C, Lerine
  • Section D, Ibar

Today, although the division into districts is not precise, there are seven districts:

  • Arbinoritz
  • le Bourg
  • Ibarre
  • Lambert
  • Lassarrade
  • Miremont
  • les Tisserands

Town planning

Housing

In 2011 the total number of dwellings in the commune was 716, down from 611 in 2006.[10]

Of these dwellings, 87% were primary residences, 6.6% were second homes, and 6.3% were occasional homes or vacant units. 69.4% of these dwellings were detached houses and 29.6% were apartments.[10]

The proportion of principle residences owned by their occupants was 74%. The percentage of empty rental public housing was 1.3%.[10]

Toponymy

The commune name in Basque is Bardoze[11] and its name in Occitan, gascon dialect is Bardòs.

The name consists of the root bard- or bart- which designates the low terrain and clay soils along the river edges (barthe is from the Gaulish anthroponym bardus)[12] plus the Basque-Aquitaine suffix -os. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan proposes the meaning "place of abundant clay soil".

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

NameSpellingDateSourcePageOriginDescription
BardosBardos13th centuryRaymond
21
BayonneVillage
Bardos1203Orpustan
21
Bardos1249Orpustan
21
Bardos1305Orpustan
21
Sancta Maria de Bardos1693Raymond
21
Collations
Bardoze19th centuryLhande
AscaratEscaratz1502Raymond
15
BardosFarm
BerhabeBerhabe1863Raymond
28
Farm
CastellaCastella1863Raymond
44
Redoubt
Gelosl'ostau de Galos1502Raymond
70
NavarreStream rising in Bardos and Bidache and joining the Lihurry
le Gélous1863Raymond
70
JauréguyJauréguy1756Raymond
85
CollationsFarm
Lichaczl'ostau de Lissaze1502Raymond
101
NavarreFarm
Paloumèresl'ostau de las Paloumeres1502Raymond
131
NavarreFarm
PlaçooPlaçoo1863Raymond
136
Hamlet

Sources:

Origins:

Bardos appears as Bardos on the 1750 Cassini Map[19] and the same on the 1790 version.[20]

History

Bardos has a Paleolithic site. The parish of Bardos has been mentioned since 1072 and the barony of Bardos was created in 1320.[21] The commune was incorporated into the Duchy of Gramont in 1643.[21][22]

The parish of Bardos was admitted to the Biltzar of Labourd in 1763 and became a commune in 1790.[21] Originally it was the capital of a canton including the communes of Bardos and Guiche and depended on the district of Ustaritz.

The relationship of Bardos with Labourd had some unusual features (shared with the neighbouring villages of Guiche and Urt).

During the Ancien Régime the three parishes did not dependent judicially on the judicial institutions of Labourd but on the Seneschal of Came.[23] Although they had ceased to participate in the work of the Labourd Biltzar, they are allowed back into meetings in 1763 to contribute to the work of the Biltzar.[24] According to Anne Zink these events had little meaning: even before this assignment, the three parishes were fiscally labourdine and it was the customs of the province of Labourd that governed their civil law.[25]

From 1770 to 1771 the overall trustee of the Biltzar was Pierre Damestoy from Bardos, notary of the house of Etxebeheiti.

Heraldry
Arms of Bardos
 Blazon:

Quarterly, 1 and 4 Azure, three pales of Or; 2 and 3 Gules, an oak eradicated Argent debruised by a bear of Or walking.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[26]

Mayors from the French Revolution to 1919
FromToName
17891789Jean Casenave
17891790Pierre Darricau
17901792Gabriel Detchart
17921795Pierre Darricau
17951795Gabriel Detchart
17951797Pierre Darricau
17971798François Larre
17981816Etienne Damestoy
18161827Jean-Baptiste Duclercq
18271848Etienne Damestoy
18481849Mathieu Chapa
18491878Pierre Darricau-Albinoritz
18781881Bernard Celhabe
18811919Pierre Damestoy
Mayors from 1919
FromToNamePartyPosition
19191960Pierre DamestoyVeterinarian
19611977Jean DamestoyFarmer
19772008Pierre LabordeTeacher
20082020Jean Paul DiribarneMetallurgist

(Not all data is known)

Judicial and administrative proceedings

Bardos falls within the area of the Tribunal d'instance (District court) of Bayonne, the Tribunal de grande instance (High Court) of Bayonne, the Cour d'appel (Court of Appeal) of Pau, the Tribunal pour enfants (Juvenile court) of Bayonne, the Conseil de prud'hommes (Labour Court) of Bayonne, the Tribunal de commerce (Commercial Court) of Bayonne, the Tribunal administratif (Administrative tribunal) of Pau, and the Cour administrative d'appel (Administrative Court of Appeal) of Bordeaux.[27]

Inter-communality

The town belongs to nine inter-communal structures:[28]

  • the community of communes of Pays de Bidache;
  • the AEP association for the Bidache region;
  • the sanitation association of Adour-Ursuia;
  • the energy association for Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
  • the inter-communal association to protect the banks of the Adour and its tributaries (SIPBAMA)
  • the inter-communal association for the industrial area of Ayherre;
  • the inter-communal association for the support of Basque culture;
  • the Joint association for the Berriak Erreka;
  • the association for the Z.A. Etxecolu industrial area at Bardos.

Bardos was not part of any community of communes until 1 January 2010 when it joined the community of communes of Pays de Bidache.[29] Bardos is the headquarters of the Joint association for the Berriak Erreka and also for the union for the association for the Z.A. Etxecolu industrial area.

Environmental policy

"Environment and Waste" policy is under inter-communal jurisdiction with household waste collection and sorting for the commune being provided by the Community of communes of Pays de Bidache.[30]

The treatment of the waste is then managed by the Bil Ta Garbi joint association.[31]

Demography

In 2010 the commune had 1,620 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger communes that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Population change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
2,451 2,283 2,418 2,300 2,468 2,641 2,612 2,660 2,612
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
2,586 2,518 2,542 2,304 1,912 1,733 1,805 1,708 1,722
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
1,772 1,675 1,662 1,519 1,520 1,514 1,535 1,280 1,175
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 -
1,091 1,031 1,005 1,093 1,188 1,271 1,421 1,620 -
Population of Bardos

Economy

Until the 19th century Bardos was renowned for its lapidary activity.[32]

The commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone designation of Ossau-iraty.

There are two industrial estates: Etxekolu and Saint-Martin. The EKI Basque brewery is located in Bardos.

Household incomes and taxation

In 2011 the median household income tax was €32,753, placing Bardos at 11,125th place among the 31,886 communes with more than 49 households in metropolitan France.[33]

Tourism

The tourist office of Pays de Bidache covers all seven communes of the community to which Bardos belongs. It is located in Bidache.

The Pays de Bidache is itself a member of the Tourist Information Organisation (PAT) of Nive-Adour-Ursuia with Pays de Hasparren.[34]

The commune has two furnished rural cottages for visitors.[35]

Facilities

Education

Bardos is located in the Academy of Bordeaux zone.[36]

There are two primary schools in Bardos:[37]

  • the Saint Mary private school
  • a Public School

There is no Basque education available in the commune.[38]

The college for the commune is located in Bidache (5.6 km away).

The high school for the commune is the General René-Cassin High School located in Bayonne (28.7 km away).

Health

The town has a retirement home called Albodi.[29]

Sports

The various sports clubs and associations in the village have several facilities available:

In 2011 a building was built next to the sports field for sports like weightlifting and with a dance hall: Erdizka. In 2012 a bowling alley has started near Erdizka.

There are several sports associations in the commune which allow residents regular exercise and sports: clay pigeon shooting, gymnastics, fitness, hiking, walking, Basque pelota, rugby, tennis, judo, and pilates.[39]

Media

There is no local media specific to Bardos except for Bardos-Info, a Municipal Bulletin published by the mayor with various articles from local associations.[40]

There are three TV networks available in the commune:

  • Euskal Telebista[41] (Basque government channel covering all of Basque Country)
  • France 3 Euskal Herri[42] (a local branch of the national media)
  • TVPI (a local channel covering the Basque Country, Landes and Béarn)

News about the village is relayed to the press by local correspondents for three newspapers:

  • Herria (weekly newspaper in Basque)
  • La Semaine du Pays Basque (The Week in Basque Country) (weekly newspaper in French)
  • Sud Ouest Pays basque (South West Basque Country) (a daily newspaper in French).

Worship

Bardos is in the parish of Notre Dame du Chemin de Saint-Jacques (Our Lady of the Way of Saint-James) in the diocese of Bayonne[43] which depends on the Church of the Assumption.

The communal cemetery is located along the D936. It was once located around the church and was moved to this location in May 1861.

Culture and heritage
North facade of the Château de Salha

Civil heritage

The commune has many buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments:

  • The Chateau de Miremont (15th century).[44] The Chateau is at 188 metres above sea level and offers panoramic views of the River Adour, Landes and the Pyrenees.
  • Houses and Farms (16th-20th century)[45]
  • The Chateau de Salha (1655)[46]
  • The Ermont Mill (15th century)[47]
Other sites of interest
  • A Gaztelu zahar (prehistoric fortified mound) was used as a Napoleonic redoubt (stone parapets).

Religious heritage

The Parish Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary (19th century).[48] It is located at the highest point in the village at 128 metres above sea level. The Church contains many items that are registered as historical objects:

  • A Monumental Cross: Christ on the Cross (17th century)[49]
  • A Monumental Painting (19th century)[50]
  • The Furniture in the Church[51]
  • The entire decor in the choir (4 Columns and a corniche) (19th century)[52]
  • A Baptismal font (19th century)[53]
  • 4 Altar Candlesticks (19th century)[54]
  • 4 Statues: Saints Peter and John, Sacred Heart, Virgin and child (19th century)[55]
  • A Pulpit Cross (18th century)[56]
  • A Pulpit (17th century)[57]
  • A Confessional (19th century)[58]
  • A set of 2 Confessionals (19th century)[59]
  • The Virgin Altar, Retable, Altar painting, Tabernacle, and statue (19th century)[60]
  • The Saint Joseph Altar, Retable, Altar painting, Tabernacle, and statue (19th century)[61]
  • 4 Altar Candlesticks (19th century)[62]
  • An Altarpiece on the Retable of the main Altar (19th century)[63]
  • The main Altar seating, Retable, and Tabernacle (19th century)[64]
  • The main Altar (19th century)[65]

Cultural Heritage
Language

According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces by Prince Louis Lucien Bonaparte dating from 1863, the dialect spoken in Bardos is eastern Low Navarrese. The village had its own dialect known as the dialect of Bardos which is also spoken on the neighbouring commune of Orègue. Notably, although Basque people were the majority, Gascon was once spoken by a significant part of the population, often more than Basque.

Sayings and proverbs

A local Basque saying:
Que bas entau Bidache ? Pot de grache.
Que bas entau Bardos ? Chuque aquét os.
A Bardos que minjà la carne e que dachen lous os.

meaning:

You go to Bidache? Pot of fat.
You go to Bardos? Suck the bone.
In Bardos, eat the meat and leave the bone.

Nicknames

The people of Bardos, who are known as bardoztar have, like most of their neighbours, funny nicknames in Basque and in Gascon:[66]

  • "Xarnegu arraza" (in Basque: "mixed race")
  • "Los sents" (in Gascon: "the saints")

Environmental heritage

Two Natura 2000 areas are partially within the territory of the commune:

In addition there are three Zone naturelle d'intérêt écologique, faunistique et floristique (Natural areas of ecological interest, flora and fauna) (ZNIEFF) which are fully or partially located on the territory of the commune:

  • the Landes of Arberoue;
  • the Hydrographic Network of the Bidouze and Arberoue
  • the Joyeuse Valley

Cultural events and festivities

The premier event of the year in the commune is the Carnaval Labourdin (Labourdin Carnival) that spans three weekends and includes visits to houses in the districts by day and festive evenings on the town square. It is organized by the Foyer de Bardos, a local cultural association.[69]

The Xarnegu Eguna festival that mixes Basque and Gascon cultures is also organized by the association of the same name every year around 1 May.[70]

For over 30 years the Foyer de Bardos has organised an exhibition of contemporary art in order to diversify the cultural offering in rural areas. It takes place every summer between 15 June and 15 July.[71]

The festivals are organized in Bardos by the Comité des Fêtes de Bardos (Festival Committee of Bardos) every summer around 15 August. The committee includes a large part of the villagers.[72]

Notable people linked to the commune
  • Salvat Diharce (?-1601), born in Bardos, tenured priest in the Abbey of Arthous (at Hastingues), Bishop of Tarbes
  • Dominique de Lissabe Navy and privateer captain
  • Salvat Monho, Basque language writer
  • Valentin de Salha (17 January 1758 – 14 April 1841), born at Bardos, Knight of Salha, Captain and Major-General of Division
  • Juan Martin Hiribarren (8 May 1810 – 26 November 1866), priest at Bardos, Basque language writer
  • Jean-Pierre Duvoisin (16 May 1810 – 30 January 1891), Captain of Customs and Basque language writer
  • Michel Labéguerie (4 March 1921 – 28 July 1980), family from Bardos, democrat-Christian politician, abertzale
  • André Dassary (10 September 1912 – 7 July 1987), popular French singer
  • Killers, a heavy metal French musical group from Bardos
Notable people Picture Gallery
  • Juan Martin Hiribarren
  • Jean-Pierre Duvoisin
  • Michel Labéguerie
  • André Dassary
gollark: Fine, esolang or not, it doesn't really matter much.
gollark: Also also also, speed hardly matters for a prototype esolang.
gollark: Also, development speed is likely to be worse, and also also other languages exist.
gollark: C++ is not necessarily faster or slower.
gollark: You probably can.

See also

Notes and references

Notes
  1. At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Bardos on Lion1906
  3. Inhabitants of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  4. Bardos on Google Maps
  5. Bardos on the Géoportail from National Geographic Institute (IGN) website (in French)
  6. Transports 64 Timetable for Route 811 (in French)
  7. Paris, Nice, Strasbourg, Brest
  8. Data from the Station at Biarritz from 1981 to 2010 (in French)
  9. Napoleonic Cadastral Map 1818 Archived 2013-01-28 at the Wayback Machine on the Pyrénées-Atlantiques departmental website (in French)
  10. INSEE, Lodgings Data see T2 and T7 (in French)
  11. Euskaltzaindia – Academy of the Basque language (in French)
  12. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, p. 21, ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (in French)
  13. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
  14. Pierre Lhande, Basque-French Dictionary, 1926 (in French)
  15. Manuscript from the 14th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  16. Manuscripts from the 17th and 18th centuries in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  17. Titles of the commune of Bardos (in French)
  18. Titles of the Kingdom of Navarre in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  19. Bardos on the 1750 Cassini Map
  20. Bardos on the 1790 Cassini Map
  21. Bardos, Ekaina, 1992, p. 15 (in French)
  22. Jean de Jaurgain and Raymond Ritter, The House of Gramont 1040-1967, Les amis du musée pyrénéen, Tarbes, Vol. 2, p. 34 (in French)
  23. Anne Zink, Country and districts. The Terriitorial collectives of south-west France under the Ancien Régime, Publications of the Sorbonne, 2000, ISBN 2859443894, p. 34-35 (in French)
  24. Anne Zink, Country and districts. The Terriitorial collectives of south-west France under the Ancien Régime, Publications of the Sorbonne, 2000, ISBN 2859443894, p. 57 (in French)
  25. Anne Zink, The heir of the house – Customary geography of the south-west of France under the Ancien Régime, Éditions de l'EHESS, 1993, ISBN 2-7132-0996-X, p. 28 (in French)
  26. List of Mayors of France (in French)
  27. List of competent jurisdictions for Bardos, Ministry of Justice website (in French)
  28. Communal database for Pyrénées-Atlantiques – Intercommunality (in French)
  29. Bardos rejoins the Community of Bidache, Le Journal du Pays Basque, 27 January 2010 (in French)
  30. Pays de Bidache website Archived 2015-02-19 at the Wayback Machine (in French)
  31. Bil Ta Garbi website Archived 2014-11-12 at the Wayback Machine (in French)
  32. Philippe Veyrin, The Basques, Arthaud, 1975, ISBN 2 7003 0038 6, p. 303 (in French)
  33. Page RFDM2011COM: Local fiscal revenue of households – 2011, INSEE, consulted on 12 November 2014 (in French)
  34. Pays de Bidache Tourism website, Rural cottages in Bardos page Archived 2014-11-13 at the Wayback Machine (in French)
  35. Pays de Bidache tourist website Archived 2014-11-13 at the Wayback Machine (in French)
  36. Académy of Bordeaux Map (in French)
  37. Bardos Schools on the Ministry of Education website (in French)
  38. Public office of the Basque language website Archived 2014-11-12 at the Wayback Machine (in French)
  39. Bardos official website – Associations page (in French)
  40. Bardos official website – Publications page (in French)
  41. Euskal Telebista website
  42. France 3 Euskal Herri website (in French)
  43. Parish of Notre Dame du Chemin de Saint-Jacques – Bardos, Diocese of Bayonne website, consulted on 12 November 2014 (in French)
  44. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000255 Chateau de Miremont (in French)
  45. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000257 Mansion at Lichabe IA64000254 Mansion at Cazenave IA64000258 Mansion at Sorhoet IA64000260 Mansion at Lurberriet IA64000261 Mansion at Etchebeheity IA64000250 House at VC 4 (formerly the Town Hall until 1982) IA64000259 Farmhouse at Leissarague-de-Bas IA64000253 Farmhouse at Arotchetche IA64000252 Farmhouse at Arribit IA64000248 Houses and Farms (in French)
  46. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000251 Chateau de Salha (in French)
  47. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000256 Ermont Mill (in French)
  48. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000249 Parish Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary (in French)
  49. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000733 Monumental Cross: Christ on the Cross (in French)
  50. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002931 Monumental Painting (in French)
  51. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002927 Furniture in the Church (in French)
  52. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002854 Entire decor in the choir (in French)
  53. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002853 Baptismal font (in French)
  54. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002852 4 Altar Candlesticks (in French)
  55. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002851 4 Statues: Saints Peter and John, Sacred Heart, Virgin and child (in French)
  56. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002850 Pulpit Cross (in French)
  57. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002849 Pulpit (in French)
  58. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002848 Confessional (in French)
  59. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002847 Set of 2 Confessionals (in French)
  60. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002846 Virgin Altar, Retable, Altar painting, Tabernacle, and statue (in French)
  61. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002845 Saint Joseph Altar, Retable, Altar painting, Tabernacle, and statue (in French)
  62. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002844 4 Altar Candlesticks (in French)
  63. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002843 Altarpiece on the Retable of the main Altar (in French)
  64. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002842 Main Altar seating, Retable, and Tabernacle (in French)
  65. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64002841 Main Altar (in French)
  66. eu:Lapurdiko herrietako ezizenak (in Basque)
  67. La Joyeuse on the National Inventory of Natural Heritage Natura 2000 database (in French)
  68. La Bidouze on the National Inventory of Natural Heritage Natura 2000 database (in French)
  69. Carnaval Labourdin on the Foyer de Bardos website (in French)
  70. Xarnegu Eguna website (in French)
  71. Contemporary Art Expo on the Foyer de Bardos website (in French)
  72. Festival Committee of Bardos website Archived 2014-12-19 at the Wayback Machine (in French)
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