Angaïs

Angaïs (Occitan: Angais, pronounced [aŋˈɡajs]) is a French commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.

Angaïs
Commune
A general view of Angaïs
Location of Angaïs
Angaïs
Angaïs
Coordinates: 43°14′19″N 0°15′05″W
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementPau
CantonVallées de l'Ousse et du Lagoin
IntercommunalityPays de Nay
Government
 • Mayor (2014-2020) Bernard Arrabie
Area
1
5.94 km2 (2.29 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
889
 • Density150/km2 (390/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
64023 /64510
Elevation214–412 m (702–1,352 ft)
(avg. 235 m or 771 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Angaïsais or Angaïsaises.[2]

Geography

Angaïs is located in the urban area of Pau some 12 km south-east of Pau and 6 km south of Ousse. Access to the commune is by the D38 road from Ousse in the north-west passing through the town and continuing south to Baudreix. The D215 comes from near Assat in the west passing through the town and continuing south-east to Beuste. The D938 passes through the south-western corner of the commune and the D839 from Boeil-Bezing forms the southern border of the commune. The north-east of the commune is heavily forested for about 25% of the total land area with the rest of the commune outside the town area farmland.

Bus route 835 of the Interurban Network of Pyrenees Atlantiques from Bénéjacq to Pau services the commune.

The Lagoin river at Angaïs

The Lagoin river flows through the centre of the commune from south-east to north-west continuing to join the Gave de Pau near Pau.

Places and Hamlets
  • Abérat[3]
  • Las Baches
  • Bonnecaze
  • Boué Bignes
  • Las Clabades
  • Coulat
  • Grange de Cournac
  • Lafont
  • Grange Laraignou
  • Le Moulin de Capbat
  • Papus
  • Pascal
  • La Roque
  • Turounet

Neighbouring communes and villages

Toponymy

The commune name in béarnais is Angais.

Brigitte Jobbe-Duval[4] indicated that a possible origin of the name is the patronym Gaiz. She also mentioned that previously the people were nicknamed éleveurs de mules (Mule farmers). The breeding of these animals had been one of the most productive industries of the Nay plain and particularly of the commune of Angaïs.[5]

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

NameSpellingDateSourcePageOriginDescription
AngaïsAngays1343Raymond
6
HomagesVillage
Anguays1540Raymond
6
Reformation
Angais1750Cassini
Angais1793Ldh/EHESS/CassiniBulletin des Lois
AbératAverat1457Raymond
2
AssatFief, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn
BatbielleBaigbiella13th centuryRaymond
24
Fors de BéarnLands and Woods across the communes of Angaïs, Beuste, Boeil, Bénéjacq, Bordères, Lagos, and Mirepeix under the jurisdiction of the Jurors of Beuste. It was an Archdeaconry in the Diocese of Lescar and included control over the Canton of Nay
Archidiagonat de Batbilhe1385Raymond
24
Census
Batbielhe1396Raymond
24
Navarrenx
l'archidiagonat de Begbielle1400Raymond
24
Navarrenx
Le conbent de Bagbielhe1538Raymond
24
Reformation
Les Abbatbielles1675Raymond
24
Reformation
NavaillesNavailles1863Raymond
121
Farm

Sources:

Origins:

History

Paul Raymond noted on opage 6 of his 1863 dictionary that the commune once had a Lay Abbey, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn. In 1385 there were 4 fires in the commune and it depended on the bailiwick of Pau.[3]

On 2 February 1617 Louis de Colom, lay abbot of Angaïs and a trustee of Béarn, made an important speech which united the Catholics and Protestants of Béarn to resist the king's wishes, and to oppose the execution of any act that may lead to political annexation of Béarn to France. Later in the same year the First Huguenot Rebellion occurred.[12]

The Barony of Angaïs was created in 1656 by Louis XIV[13] and consisted of Beuste, Ousse, and Sendets.[3]

Isaac de Navailles appears to have been the first Baron, and Henri de Navailles-Labatut was Baron of Angaïs in the mid-19th century.[14][15]

The Uzerte of Angaïs refers to a local phenomenon of plague that was documented in 1789. The inhabitants of Angaïs stated that almost every year the plague was transported by very clear water - which rose above the village on the plain on the upper side of the wooded area - in April, May, and June. It caused fatal diseases in humans and animals. The poisoned water also harmed plants, such as maize, wheat, flax, grass, and vegetables in gardens.[5]

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[16]

FromToNamePartyPosition
19952001Pierre Prat
20012020Bernard Arrabie

(Not all data is known)

Inter-communality

The commune is part of six inter-communal structures:

  • the Community of communes of Pays de Nay;
  • the AEP association of the Plain of Nay;
  • the Sanitation association of Gave and Lagoin;
  • the association for defence against flooding in the Lagoin basin;
  • the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
  • the inter-communal association for the construction of the CES of Nay;

Demography

In 2010 the commune had 836 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Population change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
568 562 624 661 744 789 785 851 875
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
853 865 830 802 783 787 757 730 716
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
697 671 637 560 561 537 511 467 460
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 -
491 535 534 623 760 739 - 836 -
Population of Angaïs

Economy
Exit from Angaïs

The commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-Iraty.

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
  • The Château of Angaïs (1908) is registered as an historical monument.[17]

Religious heritage
  • The Parish Church of Notre-Dame (1845) is registered as an historical monument.[18] Inside the church the Altar and Retable (17th century) in the south side chapel are registered as historical objects.[19]

Environmental heritage

The Chemin Henri-IV borders the commune in the north-east. It is a walking trail that connects the Château of Franqueville to Bizanos near Pau at the Lake of Lourdes (Hautes-Pyrénées). It alternates forest trails with dirt roads and offers walkers panoramic views of the Pyrenees, the foothills, and the plains.

About 35 kilometres long, the route can be divided up between the various roads that it crosses. It is possible to go on foot, on horseback, or by bicycle but motor vehicles are forbidden.

Education

The commune has a primary school.

gollark: Safety things mean you're likely to be less hurt by mistakes, thus ENHANCING learning.
gollark: It would be like something which electrocutes you whenever you make a compile error. You don't want to make compile errors in the first place, and making them worse is not very helpful.
gollark: If you have some accident and get injured horribly, you probably won't *learn* much, just... get horribly injured, you don't want the accident anyway.
gollark: And if there was a convenient not-too-bad way to reduce injuries with knives, they would probably be used. I imagine chefs have something.
gollark: Yes, but it's harder.

See also

Notes
  1. At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Inhabitants of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  3. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
  4. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (in French)
  5. Lespy, Vastin (1892). Dictons et proverbes du Béarn: parœmiologie comparée (in French) (Public domain ed.). Garet. pp. 5–. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
  6. Cassini Map 1750 – Angaïs
  7. Manuscript from 1343 in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  8. Manuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  9. Notaries of Assat in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  10. Manuscript from the 14th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  11. Notaries of Navarrenx in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  12. Société historique de Gascogne (1887). Revue de gascogne: bulletin bimestrial de la société historique de Gascogne (in French). 28 (Public domain ed.). Auch. pp. 254–. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
  13. Ch. de Picamilh (1858). Statistique generale des Basses-Pyrinees. Vignancour. p. 516. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
  14. A. Dufau de Maluquer. Armorial de Béarn (tome 2). PyréMonde (Ed.Régionalismes). p. 78. ISBN 978-2-84618-626-1. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
  15. d'Hauterive, André F. Borel (1846). Annuaire de la pairie et de la noblesse de France et des maisons souveraines de l'Europe et de la diplomatie. Bureau de la Publ. p. 223. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
  16. List of Mayors of France (in French)
  17. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA64000036 Château of Angaïs (in French)
  18. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000583 Parish Church of Notre-Dame (in French)
  19. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000030 Altar and Retable (in French)
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