Abu al-Husayn al-Basri

Abu'l-Husayn al-Basri (died 436/1044) was a Mu'tazilite faqih (expert in Islamic jurisprudence) and theologian (mutakallim). He wrote al-Mu'tamid fi Usul al-Fiqh, a major source of influence in the field of usul until Fakhr al-Din al-Razi's al-Mahsul fi 'Ilm al-Usul.

Abu'l-Husayn al-Basri
Personal
Died436 H (1044 CE)
ReligionIslam
EraIslamic golden age
JurisprudenceHanafi[1][2]
CreedMu'tazila
Main interest(s)Usul
Notable work(s)al-Mu'tamid fi Usul al-Fiqh
OccupationScholar of Islam
Muslim leader

He was a physician as well as a disciple of the Qadi Abd al-Jabbar in Rey. He challenged some of his master's teaching and eventually compiled a huge (two volumes; 1500 pages) critical review of the arguments and proofs used in Islamic Scholastic Theology . This he summarised in al Mu'tamad "The Reliable". He including a critique of the qualifications a scholar of Islamic law needed to practice. His theological works were generally handed down among students of medicine and it was a century before his teaching was revived and espoused by the Mu'tazili scholar Mahmud b. al-Malahimi in Khorezm in Central Asia where they gained recognition as a school of Mu'tazili theology.

References
  1. "al-Basri, Abu'l Husayn". The Biographical Encyclopaedia of Islamic Philosophy. Oxford Reference. 3 August 2011. Retrieved 22 June 2020. Muhammad b. ‘Ali Abu'l Husayn al-Basri was born in Basra, and died in Baghdad on 5 Rabi al-Akhir 436 / 30 October 1044. He was a Mu‘tazilite theologian and an important Hanafite jurist.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  2. Jalali-Moqaddam, Masoud; Negahban, Farzin (2008). "Abū al-Ḥusayn al-Baṣrī". In Wilferd Madelung; Farhad Daftary (eds.). Encyclopaedia Islamica. doi:10.1163/1875-9831_isla_COM_0087. ISBN 978-90-04-16860-2. Retrieved 22 June 2020. Abū al-Ḥusayn al-Baṣrī, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Ṭayyib (d. 436/1044), was a Muʿtazilī theologian and a scholar of Ḥanafī jurisprudence.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Madelung, W and Schmidtke, S (eds) Abu-I-Husayn al-Basri's Mu'tazili Theology among the Karaites in the Fatimid Age BRILL Amsterdam September 2006 ISBN 90-04-15177-X


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