1991 Rugby World Cup
The 1991 Rugby World Cup was the second edition of the Rugby World Cup, and was jointly hosted by England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland and France: at the time, the five European countries who participated in the Five Nations Championship. This was the first Rugby World Cup to be staged in the northern hemisphere, with England the hosts of the championship game. Once again, South Africa was not represented due to international sanctions imposed upon the "Springboks" by the IRB, due to the Apartheid Government policies. Following on from the success of the inaugural 1987 Rugby World Cup, the 1991 World Cup received increased attention and was seen as a major global sporting event for the first time. Also for the first time, qualifying competitions were introduced as the number of entrants had increased from 16 nations four years before to a total of 33 countries. The eight quarter-finalists from 1987 qualified automatically with the remaining eight spots contested through qualifiers by 25 countries. This however resulted in only one new side qualifying for the tournament, Western Samoa replacing Tonga. The same 16-team pool/knock-out format was used with just minor changes to the points system.
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| Tournament details | |
|---|---|
| Host nations |     .svg.png){kind=small} |
| Dates | 3 October – 2 November (31 days) |
| No. of nations | 16 (33 qualifying) |
| Final positions | |
Champions  | .svg.png){kind=small} |
Runner-up  | |
Third place  |  |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 32 |
| Attendance | 1,021,827 (31,932 per match) |
| Top scorer(s) | |
| Most tries | (6 tries each) |
← 1987 1995 → | |
The pool stage of the tournament was nothing like four years earlier, with fewer one-sided matches. These early stages produced a major shock when Western Samoa, who were making their debut in the tournament, defeated 1987 semi-finalist Wales 16–13 in Cardiff. Along with the other results in the group, this led to the elimination of Wales, who finished third in Pool 3, becoming the first host nation to fail to qualify from the pool stage of a Rugby World Cup. Also notable in pool play was that Canada finished second in their pool to qualify for the quarter-finals, which remains their best performance in the Rugby World Cup. Fiji, as quarter-finalists four years ago, had expected to occupy that position, but after the upset loss to Canada and a hammering by France, they were to lose even their final match against the unfancied Romanian team. Earlier, the opening match had pitted the holders New Zealand against the hosts England: New Zealand overturned a narrow half-time deficit to win the match and the pool, both teams qualifying for the quarter-finals with easy victories in their other matches. Scotland beat Ireland to top their pool, again both teams qualifying.
In the quarter-finals, neither Canada nor Western Samoa proved a match for New Zealand or Scotland, respectively. Meanwhile, England knocked out 1987 finalist France in a bruising encounter. Australia, in what was seen as the match of the tournament, pipped Ireland 19–18 in a thrilling match at Lansdowne Road, with a last-gasp try from fly-half Michael Lynagh coming after the Irish took an unexpected 18–15 lead when loose-forward Hamilton outpaced winger David Campese over half the length of the pitch for a try. The semi-finals produced two tight matches: England overcame their Scottish rivals 9–6, a late drop goal deciding a tryless match in a torrential downpour at Murrayfield Stadium, and Australia defeated the defending world champions New Zealand 16–6 at Lansdowne Road.
The World Cup Final was played at Twickenham Stadium in London, and saw Australia triumph 12–6 against England, thanks to a first-half try from prop Tony Daly.
Qualification
The following 16 teams, shown by region, qualified for the 1991 Rugby World Cup. Of the 16 teams, eight of those places were automatically filled by quarter-finalists from the 1987 World Cup and did not have to play any qualification matches. 25 nations competed in a qualification process designed to fill the remaining eight spots, bringing the total participation to 33 nations. In the event, there was only one change from the 1987 tournament, with Western Samoa appearing in place of Tonga.
| Africa | Americas | Europe | Oceania/Asia |
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Venues
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| Twickenham Stadium | Murrayfield Stadium | National Stadium (Cardiff Arms Park) |
Lansdowne Road | Parc des Princes |
| Capacity: 75,000 | Capacity: 67,800 | Capacity: 53,000 | Capacity: 49,250 | Capacity: 48,712 |
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| Stade Ernest-Wallon | Stade Lesdiguières | Stadium Lille-Metropole | Stade de la Méditerranée | Welford Road |
| Capacity: 19,000 | Capacity: 18,548* | Capacity: 18,185 | Capacity: 18,000 | Capacity: 16,815 |
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| Parc Municipal des Sports | Stade Armandie | Stade Jean Dauger | Kingsholm | Ravenhill |
| Capacity: 16,000 | Capacity: 14,000 | Capacity: 13,500 | Capacity: 12,500 | Capacity: 12,300 |
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| Stradey Park | Pontypool Park | Sardis Road | Cross Green | |
| Capacity: 10,800 | Capacity: 14,000 | Capacity: 7,200 | Capacity: 5,000 | |
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- as found in ffr.fr consulted on 7 February 2013 apropos of the pool match between France and Fiji played on 8 October 1991
Squads
Referees
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Format
| Pool 1 | Pool 2 | Pool 3 | Pool 4 |
|---|---|---|---|
As in the 1987 Rugby World Cup the 16 nations were divided into four pools of four nations, with each nation playing their other pool opponents once, every nation playing three times during the pool stages. Nations were awarded 2 points for a win, 1 for a draw and zero for a loss, the top two nations of every pool advanced to the quarter finals. The runners-up of each pool faced the winners of a different pool in the quarter finals. The winners moved on to the semi finals, with the winners then moving onto the final, and the losers of the semi finals contesting a third/fourth place play off.
- Pool 1 was played in England
- Pool 2 was played in both Scotland and Ireland, with matches played in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland
- Pool 3 was played in Wales
- Pool 4 was played in France
Points system
The points system that was used in the pool stage was which was changed from 1987 was as follows:
- 3 points for a win
- 2 points for a draw
- 1 point for playing
A total of 32 matches (24 in the pool stage and eight in the knock-out stage) were played throughout the tournament over 30 days from 3 October 1991 to 2 November 1991.
Pool stage
Pool 1
| Team | P | W | D | L | PF | PA | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 95 | 39 | 6 |
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3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 85 | 33 | 4 |
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3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 57 | 76 | 2 |
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3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 24 | 113 | 0 |
5 October 1991 |
| Italy |
30–9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Barba Francescato Vaccari Gaetaniello Con: Dominguez (4) Pen: Dominguez (2) |
Try: Swords Con: Williams Pen: Williams |
8 October 1991 |
| New Zealand |
46–6 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Wright (3) Earl Purvis Timu Tuigamala Innes Con: Preston (4) Pen: Preston (2) |
Pen: Williams (2) |
8 October 1991 |
| England |
36–6 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Guscott (2) Underwood Webb Con: Webb (4) Pen: Webb (4) |
Try: Cuttitta Con: Dominguez |
11 October 1991 |
| England |
37–9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Underwood (2) Carling Skinner Heslop Con: Hodgkinson (4) Pen: Hodgkinson (3) |
Try: Nelson Con: Williams Pen: Williams |
Pool 2
| Team | P | W | D | L | PF | PA | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 122 | 36 | 6 |
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3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 102 | 51 | 4 |
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3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 77 | 87 | 2 |
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3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 31 | 158 | 0 |
5 October 1991 |
| Scotland |
47–9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: S. Hastings Stanger Chalmers White Penalty try Tukalo G. Hastings Con: G. Hastings (5) Pen: G. Hastings (2) Chalmers |
Report | Try: Hosokawa Con: Hosokawa Drop: Hosokawa |
6 October 1991 |
| Ireland |
55–11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Robinson (4) Popplewell (2) Geoghegan Curtis Con: Keyes (4) Pen: Keyes (5) |
Report | Try: Dawson Schultz Pen: Ferreira |
9 October 1991 |
| Ireland |
32–16 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Mannion (2) O’Hara Staples Con: Keyes (2) Pen: Keyes (4) |
Report | Try: Hayashi Kajihara Yoshida Con: Hosokawa (2) |
9 October 1991 |
| Scotland |
51–12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Tukalo (3) Turnbull S. Hastings Stanger Weir White Con: Dods (5) Pen: Dods (2) Drop: Wylie |
Report | Try: Garvey (2) Con: Currin (2) |
12 October 1991 |
| Scotland |
24–15 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Shiel Armstrong Con: G. Hastings (2) Pen: G. Hastings (3) Drop: Chalmers |
Report | Pen: Keyes (4) Drop: Keyes |
Pool 3
| Team | P | W | D | L | PF | PA | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 79 | 25 | 6 |
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3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 54 | 34 | 4 |
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3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 61 | 2 |
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3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 38 | 83 | 0 |
4 October 1991 |
| Argentina |
19–32 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Terán (2) Con: Del Castillo Pen: Del Castillo Drop: Arbizu (2) |
Try: Campese (2) Horan (2) Kearns Con: Lynagh (3) Pen: Lynagh (2) |
6 October 1991 |
| Wales |
13–16 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Emyr Evans Con: Ring Pen: Ring |
Report | Try: Vaega Vaifale Con: Vaea Pen: Vaea (2) |
9 October 1991 |
| Wales |
16–7 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Arnold Pen: Ring (3) Rayer |
Try: García Simón Pen: Del Castillo |
12 October 1991 |
| Wales |
3–38 | |
|---|---|---|
| Pen: Ring |
Try: Roebuck (2) Slattery Campese Horan Lynagh Con: Lynagh (4) Pen: Lynagh (2) |
13 October 1991 |
| Argentina |
12–35 | |
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| Try: Terán Con: Arbizu Pen: Laborde Arbizu |
Try: Tagaloa (2) Lima (2) Bunce Bachop Con: Vaea (4) Pen: Vaea |
Sardis Road, Pontypridd Attendance: 8,500 Referee: Brian Anderson (Scotland) Replaced by Jim Fleming (Scotland) |
Pool 4
| Team | P | W | D | L | PF | PA | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 82 | 25 | 6 |
.svg.png){kind=small} |
3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 33 | 4 |
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3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 31 | 64 | 2 |
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3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 27 | 63 | 0 |
4 October 1991 |
| France |
30–3 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Roumat Lafond Penalty try Saint-André Con: Camberabero Pen: Camberabero (4) |
Pen: Nichitean |
8 October 1991 |
| France |
33–9 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Lafond (3) Sella (2) Camberabero Con: Camberabero (3) Pen: Camberabero |
Try: Naruma Con: Koroduadua Pen: Koroduadua |
9 October 1991 |
| Canada |
19–11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: McKinnon Ennis Con: Mark Wyatt Pen: Wyatt (2) Drop: Rees |
Try: Lungu Sasu Pen: Nichitean |
12 October 1991 |
| Fiji |
15–17 | |
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| Pen: Turuva (2) Drop: Rabaka (2) Turuva |
Try: Ion Dumitras Sasu Con: Racean Pen: Nichitean |
13 October 1991 |
| France |
19–13 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Lafond Saint-André Con: Camberabero Pen: Lacroix (2) Camberabero |
Try: Wyatt Pen: Wyatt Rees Drop: Rees |
Knockout stage
| Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Final | ||||||||
| 19 October – Murrayfield Stadium, Edinburgh | ||||||||||
| 28 | |||||||||
| 26 October – Murrayfield Stadium, Edinburgh | ||||||||||
| 6 | |||||||||
| 6 | |||||||||
| 19 October – Parc des Princes, Paris | ||||||||||
| 9 | |||||||||
| 10 | |||||||||
| 2 November – Twickenham Stadium, London | ||||||||||
| 19 | |||||||||
| 6 | |||||||||
| 20 October – Stadium Lille-Metropole, Villeneuve d'Ascq | ||||||||||
| 12 | |||||||||
| 29 | |||||||||
| 27 October – Lansdowne Road, Dublin | ||||||||||
| 13 | |||||||||
| 6 | |||||||||
| 20 October – Lansdowne Road, Dublin | ||||||||||
| 16 | Third place | ||||||||
| 19 | |||||||||
| 30 October – Cardiff Arms Park, Cardiff | ||||||||||
| 18 | |||||||||
| 6 | |||||||||
| 13 | |||||||||
Quarter-finals
19 October 1991 |
| France |
10–19 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Lafond Pen: Lacroix (2) |
Report | Try: Underwood Carling Con: Webb Pen: Webb (3) |
19 October 1991 |
| Scotland |
28–6 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Jeffrey (2) Stanger Con: Hastings (2) Pen: Hastings (4) |
Report | Pen: Vaea Drop: Bachop |
20 October 1991 |
| Ireland |
18–19 | |
|---|---|---|
| Try: Hamilton Con: Keyes Pen: Keyes (3) Drop: Keyes |
Report | Try: Campese (2) Lynagh Con: Lynagh (2) Pen: Lynagh |
Semi-finals
Third-place play-off
Statistics
The tournament's top point scorer was Ireland's Ralph Keyes, who scored 68 points. David Campese and Jean-Baptiste Lafond scored the most tries, six in total.
| Player | Team | Position | Played | Tries | Conversions | Penalties | Drop goals | Total points |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ralph Keyes | |
Fly-half | 4 | 0 | 7 | 16 | 2 | 68 |
| Michael Lynagh | |
Fly-half | 6 | 2 | 11 | 12 | 0 | 66 |
| Gavin Hastings | |
Fullback | 5 | 1 | 9 | 13 | 0 | 61 |
| Jonathan Webb | |
Fullback | 5 | 1 | 5 | 14 | 0 | 56 |
| Grant Fox | |
First five-eighth | 4 | 0 | 7 | 10 | 0 | 44 |
| Didier Camberabero | |
Fly-half | 3 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 0 | 32 |
| Diego Dominguez | |
Fly-half | 3 | 0 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 29 |
| Takahiro Hosokawa | |
Fullback | 3 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 29 |
| Mathew Vaea | |
Scrum-half | 4 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 25 |
| David Campese | |
Wing | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 |
Broadcasters
The event was broadcast in the United Kingdom by ITV who took over the rights from the BBC.
References
External links
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- Official Rugby World Cup Site
- Full Results and Statistics at ESPN
- World Cup Referees on RugbyRefs.com
1991 Rugby World Cup finalists | |
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| Champions | |
| Runner-up | |
| Third place | |
| Fourth place | |
| Quarter-finals | |
| Pool stage | |