1958 Canadian federal election

The 1958 Canadian federal election was the 24th general election in Canada's history. It was held to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 24th Parliament of Canada on March 31, 1958, just nine months after the 23rd election. It transformed Prime Minister John Diefenbaker's minority into the largest majority government in Canadian history and the second largest percentage of the popular vote. Although the Tories would surpass their 1958 seat total in the 1984 election, the 1958 result (achieved in a smaller House) remains unmatched both in terms of percentage of seats (78.5%) and the size of the Government majority over all opposition parties (a 151-seat majority). Voter turnout was 79.4%.[1]

1958 Canadian federal election

March 31, 1958
265 seats in the House of Commons 133 seats needed for a majority
Turnout	79.4% (5.3pp)
First party Second party   Leader John Diefenbaker Lester B. Pearson Party Progressive Conservative Liberal Leader since December 14, 1956 January 16, 1958 Leader's seat Prince Albert Algoma East Last election 111 104 Seats won 208 48 Seat change 97 56 Popular vote 3,910,852 2,459,700 Percentage 53.67% 33.75% Swing 14.64pp 8.58pp   Third party Fourth party   Leader Major James Coldwell Solon Earl Low Party Co-operative Commonwealth Social Credit Leader since March 22, 1942 April 6, 1944 Leader's seat Rosetown—Biggar (lost re-election) Peace River (lost re-election) Last election 25 19 Seats won 8 0 Seat change 17 19 Popular vote 692,398 188,717 Percentage 9.50% 2.59% Swing 1.21pp 4.03pp
Prime Minister before election John Diefenbaker Progressive Conservative Prime Minister after election John Diefenbaker Progressive Conservative

Overview

Diefenbaker called a snap election and capitalized on three factors:

• Nationally, the Liberals had just chosen a new leader, Lester Pearson, who had given an ill-advised maiden speech in Commons that asked Diefenbaker to resign and recommend the Governor General allow the Liberals to form a government without an election due to the recent economic downturn. Diefenbaker seized on the remark by describing a series of classified Liberal Cabinet documents stating that the economy would face a downturn in that year. This contrasted heavily with the Liberals' 1957 campaign promises.
• A turnaround in Quebec: Quebec had been largely Liberal since the Conscription Crisis of 1917, but upon the resignation of former Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent, the province had no favourite son leader, as they had since 1948, and its voters were open to new options. Seeking a greater voice in Ottawa, Quebec Premier Maurice Duplessis's Union Nationale used their party machine to ally with the Tories, allowing Diefenbaker's Progressive Conservatives to win two thirds of the seats in what had been a Liberal stronghold for a generation. While the Liberals finished only four percentage points behind the Tories in Quebec, much of their vote was wasted racking up large majorities in their traditional safest seats. Nevertheless, the 25 seats the Liberals won in Quebec accounted for more than half of their decimated caucus, and on a proportional basis was their best performance after Newfoundland.
• A collapse in support for the Social Credit Party which lost all 19 of its seats. Prior to the 1957 election, the Socreds were seen as a credible threat to replace the Tories as the main right wing party in the country, as they had done in British Columbia and Alberta, but the popularity of the Diefenbaker government persuaded many Social Credit supporters to abandon their party. This allowed the Tories to pick up not only Social Credit seats, but also proved decisive in many seats that featured a fractured vote between the PCs, Social Credit, Liberals, and CCF. Notably, the Tories swept all seventeen seats in Alberta, where they had previously held just three seats to Social Credit's thirteen. The election proved to be the start of a long decline for the federal Social Credit Party. It would never seriously challenge the PCs dominance in the West again in federal politics, although the BC Social Credit Party governed that province for all but three years until 1991.

National results

The Canadian parliament after the 1958 election.

↓
208	48	8	1
Progressive Conservative	Liberal	CCF	O

Party		Party leader	# of candidates	Seats			Popular vote
				1957	Elected	% Change	#	%	pp Change
	Progressive Conservative	John Diefenbaker	265	111	208	+87.4%	3,908,633	53.66%	+14.85
	Liberal	Lester B. Pearson	264	104	48	-53.8%	2,432,953	33.40%	-7.35
	Co-operative Commonwealth	M.J. Coldwell	169	25	8	-68.0%	692,668	9.51%	-1.20
	Liberal–Labour		1	1	1	0%	11,956	0.16%	-
	Social Credit	Solon Low	82	19	-	-100%	188,356	2.59%	-3.99
	Independent		9	2	-	-100%	14,211	0.20%	-0.87
	Independent Liberal		10	2	-	-100%	12,054	0.17%	-1.25
	Labor–Progressive	Tim Buck	18	-	-	-	9,769	0.13%	+0.02
	Candidats des électeurs	Réal Caouette	1	-	-	-	8,276	0.11%	-0.01
	Independent PC		5	1	-	-100%	2,097	0.03%	-0.19
	Socialist		2	*	-	*	1,113	0.02%	*
	Capital familial	H-G Grenier	1	*	-	*	968	0.01%	*
	Radical chrétien		1	*	-	*	687	0.01%	*
	Independent SC		1	-	-	-	361	x	-0.04
	Ouvrier canadien		1	*	-	*	243	x	*
	Independent Conservative		1	*	-	*	122	x	*
Total			831	265	265	-	7,284,467	100.00%
Sources: http://www.elections.ca History of Federal Ridings since 1867

Notes:

"Previous" refers to standings at previous election, not to standings in the House of Commons at dissolution.

* The party did not nominate candidates in the previous election.

x - less than 0.005% of the popular vote

Vote and seat summaries

Popular vote PC   53.66% Liberal   33.40% CCF   9.51% Social Credit   2.59% Others   0.84%

Seat totals PC   78.49% Liberal   18.11% CCF   3.02% Others   0.38%

Results by province

Party name			BC	AB	SK	MB	ON	QC	NB	NS	PE	NL	YK	NW	Total
	Progressive Conservative	Seats:	18	17	16	14	67	50	7	12	4	2	1	-	208
		Vote (%):	49.4	59.9	51.4	56.7	56.4	49.6	54.1	57.0	62.2	45.2	54.5	42.8	53.7
	Liberal	Seats:	-	-	-	-	14	25	3	-	-	5	-	1	48
		Vote (%):	16.1	13.7	19.6	21.6	32.1	45.6	43.4	38.4	37.5	54.4	43.3	57.2	33.4
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Seats:	4	-	1	-	3	-	-	-	-	-			8
		Vote (%):	24.5	4.4	28.4	19.6	10.5	2.3	1.8	4.5	0.3	0.2			9.5
	Liberal-Labour	Seats:					1								1
		Vote (%):					0.5								0.2
Total Seats			22	17	17	14	85	75	10	12	4	7	1	1	265
Parties that won no seats:
	Social Credit	Vote (%):	9.6	21.6	0.4	1.8	0.3	0.6	0.7						2.6
	Independent	Vote (%):			xx	xx	0.1	0.6							0.2
	Independent Liberal	Vote (%):						0.6				0.2			0.2
	Labor–Progressive	Vote (%):	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.1							0.1
	C. des électeurs	Vote (%):						0.4							0.1
	Independent PC	Vote (%):		0.1			0.1								xx
	Socialist	Vote (%):					xx	xx							xx
	Capitale familiale	Vote (%):						xx							xx
	Radical chrétien	Vote (%):						xx							xx
	Independent SC	Vote (%):		0.1											xx
	Ouvrier canadien	Vote (%):						xx							xx
	Ind. Conservative	Vote (%):											2.3		xx

xx - less than 0.05% of the popular vote

See also

• List of Canadian federal general elections
• List of political parties in Canada
• 24th Canadian Parliament

References

1. Pomfret, R. "Voter Turnout at Federal Elections and Referendums". Elections Canada. Elections Canada. Retrieved 23 February 2014.

External links

• The Elections of 1957 and 1958, by P.E. Bryden
• Electoral Results by Party, on Parliament of Canada site