1947 in the United States
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Events from the year 1947 in the United States.
President Truman on opening day of the baseball season, 1947
Incumbents
Federal Government
- President: Harry S. Truman (D-Missouri)
- Vice President: vacant
- Chief Justice: Fred M. Vinson (Kentucky)
- Speaker of the House of Representatives: Sam Rayburn (D-Texas) (until January 3), Joseph William Martin, Jr. (R-Massachusetts) (starting January 3)
- Senate Majority Leader: Alben W. Barkley (D-Kentucky) (until January 3), Wallace H. White, Jr. (R-Maine) (starting January 3)
- Congress: 79th (until January 3), 80th (starting January 3)
Events
January–March
- January 15 – Elizabeth Short, an aspiring actress nicknamed the "Black Dahlia", is found brutally murdered in a vacant lot in Los Angeles. The case remains unsolved to this day.
- February 3 – Percival Prattis becomes the first African-American news correspondent allowed in the United States House of Representatives and Senate press galleries.
- February 17 – Cold War: The Voice of America begins to transmit radio broadcasts into Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union.
- February 20
- An explosion at the O'Connor Electro-Plating Company in Los Angeles, California, leaves 17 dead, 100 buildings damaged, and a 22-foot-deep (6.7 m) crater in the ground.
- Ordnance Corps Hermes project V-2 rocket Blossom I launched into space carrying plant material and fruitflies, the first animals to enter space.
- February 21 – In New York City, Edwin Land demonstrates the first "instant camera", his Polaroid Land Camera, to a meeting of the Optical Society of America.
- February 28 – The United States grants France a military base in Casablanca.
- March 6 – The USS Newport News, the first completely air-conditioned warship, is launched in Newport News, Virginia.
- March 19 – The 19th Academy Awards ceremony is held. The movie Best Years of Our Lives wins the Academy Award for Best Picture, along with several other Academy Awards.
- March 25 – A coal mine explosion in Centralia, Illinois, kills 111 miners.
April–June
- April 1 – Jackie Robinson, the first African American baseball professional since the 1880s, signs a contract with the Brooklyn Dodgers.
- April 6 – The 1st Tony Awards, recognizing achievement in American theater, are awarded at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City.
- April 9
- Multiple tornadoes strike Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas killing 181 and injuring 970.
- The Journey of Reconciliation begins, organized by the Congress of Racial Equality.
- April 15 – Jackie Robinson becomes the first African American to play Major League Baseball since the 1880s.
- April 16
- Texas City Disaster: The ammonium nitrate cargo of French-registered Liberty ship SS Grandcamp explodes in Texas City, Texas, killing at least 581, including all but one member of the city fire department, injuring at least 5,000 and destroying 20 city blocks. Of the dead, remains of 113 are never found and 63 are unidentifiable.
- American financier and presidential adviser Bernard Baruch describes the post–World War II tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States as a "Cold War".
- April 26 – Academy award-winning Tom and Jerry cartoon, The Cat Concerto, is released to theatres.
- May 6 – The Wisconsin earthquake affected Alaska with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (Strong), causing a destructive basin wide tsunami, leaving 165–173 dead.
- May 22
- Cold War: In an effort to fight the spread of Communism, President Harry S. Truman signs an Act of Congress that implements the Truman Doctrine. This Act grants $400 million in military and economic aid to Turkey and Greece.[1]
- David Lean's film Great Expectations, based on the novel by Charles Dickens, opens in the U.S. Critics call it the finest film ever made from a Charles Dickens novel.
- June – Langer's Deli opens in Los Angeles.
- June 5 – Secretary of State George Marshall outlines the Marshall Plan for American reconstruction and relief aid to Europe.
- June 21 – Seaman Harold Dahl claims to have seen six UFOs near Maury Island in Puget Sound, Washington. On the next morning, Dahl reports the first modern so-called "Men in Black" encounter.
- June 23 – The United States Senate follows the House of Representatives in overriding President Harry S. Truman's veto of the Taft-Hartley Act.
- June 24 – Kenneth Arnold makes the first widely reported UFO sighting near Mount Rainier, Washington.
July–September
- July 7 – A supposedly downed extraterrestrial spacecraft is reportedly found in the Roswell UFO incident, near Roswell, New Mexico, which has been written about by Stanton T. Friedman and many others.
- July 18 – President Harry S. Truman signs the Presidential Succession Act into law, which places the Speaker of the House and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate next in the line of succession after the United States Vice President.
- July 26 – Cold War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman signs the National Security Act of 1947 into law, creating the Central Intelligence Agency, the Department of Defense, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the National Security Council.
- August – Fernwood Park race riot in Chicago.
- August 29 – US announces the discovery of plutonium fission, suitable for nuclear power generation.
- September 17–21 – The 1947 Fort Lauderdale Hurricane in southeastern Florida, and also in Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, causes widespread damage and kills 51 people.
- September 17 – Office of Indian Affairs renamed Bureau of Indian Affairs.
- September 18 – Most provisions of the National Security Act go into effect, reorganizing the military to form the National Military Establishment (later the Department of Defense) with subordinate Departments of the Army, Navy, and Air Force; creating the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security Council; and establishing the Secretary of Defense.
- September 26 – U.S. Air Force is made a separate branch of the military.
October–December
Girls sunbathing at Cabrillo Beach, California, Dec. 28, 1947
- October–November – Great Fires of 1947: Forest fires in Maine consume more than 200,000 acres of wooded land statewide, including over 17,000 acres on Mount Desert Island alone. 16 persons are killed and more than 1,000 homes destroyed in the blazes, with total property damage exceeding $23 million.
- October – The House Un-American Activities Committee begins its investigations into communism in Hollywood.
- October 6 – World Series games are broadcast on television for the first time.
- The New York Yankees defeat the Brooklyn Dodgers, 4 games to 3, to win their 11th World Series Title.
- October 14 – The United States Air Force test pilot Captain Chuck Yeager flies a Bell X-1 rocket plane faster than the speed of sound, the first time that this has been accomplished in level flight, or climbing.
- October 20 – Pakistan establishes diplomatic relations with the United States.
- November 1 – U.S. Caribbean Command designated.
- November 2 – In California, the designer and airplane pilot Howard Hughes performs the maiden flight of the Spruce Goose, the largest fixed-wing aircraft ever built. (The flight lasts only eight minutes, and the "Spruce Goose" is never flown again.)
- November 6 – The program Meet the Press makes its television debut on the NBC-TV network in the United States.
- November 24 – Red Scare: The U.S. House of Representatives votes 346–17 to approve citations of Contempt of Congress against the so-called Hollywood 10, after the ten men refuse to co-operate with the House Un-American Activities Committee concerning allegations of communist influences in the movie business. (The ten men are blacklisted by the Hollywood movie studios on the following day).
- December 3 – The Tennessee Williams play A Streetcar Named Desire opens in a Broadway theater.
- December 6 – Arturo Toscanini conducts a concert performance of the first half of Giuseppe Verdi's opera Otello, which was based on William Shakespeare's play Othello, for a broadcast on NBC Radio. The second half of the opera is broadcast a week later.
- December 22 – The first practical electronic transistor is demonstrated by John Bardeen and Walter Brattain working under William Shockley at AT&T's Bell Labs.
Births
January
- January 1
- Jon Corzine, American politician
- Leon Patillo, American singer and evangelist
- Leonard Thompson, American golfer
- January 2 – Jack Hanna, American zoologist
- January 5
- Mike DeWine, American politician
- Mercury Morris, American football player
- January 8
- William Bonin, American serial killer (d. 1996)
- Laurie Walters, American actress
- January 9 – Ronnie Landfield, American artist
- January 15 – Andrea Martin, Canadian-American actress (Second City Television)
- January 16 – Laura Schlessinger, American radio, TV talk show host
- January 19
- Ann Compton, American journalist
- Paula Deen, American Food Channel television personality
- January 21 – Jill Eikenberry, American actress
- January 23
- Tom Carper, American politician
- Joel Douglas, American film producer
- January 24
- Michio Kaku, American theoretical physicist and science popularizer
- Warren Zevon, American rock musician (Werewolves of London) (d. 2003)
- January 25 – Marjorie Scardino, American-born business executive
- January 26 – Mark Dayton, American politician
- January 27 – Cal Schenkel, American illustrator
- January 28 – Jeanne Shaheen, American politician
- January 29
- Linda B. Buck, American biologist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- Ernie Lively, American actor
- January 31
- Jonathan Banks, American actor
- Nolan Ryan, American baseball player
- Glynn Turman, African-American actor
February
- February 1 – Jessica Savitch, American journalist (d. 1983)
- February 2 – Farrah Fawcett, American actress (Charlie's Angels) (d. 2009)
- February 3
- Paul Auster, American novelist
- Melanie Safka, American rock singer (Candles in the Rain)
- February 4
- Sanford Bishop, African-American politician
- Dennis C. Blair, American admiral, Director of National Intelligence
- Dan Quayle, American politician, 44th Vice President of the United States
- February 5 – Darrell Waltrip, American race car driver, broadcaster
- February 7 – Wayne Allwine, American voice actor (d. 2009)
- February 9 – Erik Olin Wright, American sociologist (d. 2019)
- February 11 – Roy Moore, American politician
- February 13 – Mike Krzyzewski, American basketball coach
- February 15
- John Adams, American composer
- Rusty Hamer, American actor (d. 1990)
- February 18 – Dennis DeYoung, American rock musician (Styx)
- February 20 – Peter Strauss, American actor
- February 24 – Edward James Olmos, Hispanic-American actor, director, producer and activist
- February 25
- Lee Evans, American Olympic athlete
- Doug Yule, American rock singer (The Velvet Underground)
March
- March 4 – David Franzoni, American screenwriter
- March 5 – Ottis Toole, murderer (d. 1996)
- March 6
- Dick Fosbury, American athlete
- Rob Reiner, American actor, comedian, producer, director and activist (All in the Family)
- March 8
- Carole Bayer Sager, American singer, songwriter
- Michael S. Hart, American author, inventor (d. 2011)
- March 10 – Tom Scholz, American musician, songwriter and inventor
- March 11
- David Ferguson, American music producer, activist
- Mark Stein, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
- March 12 – Mitt Romney, American politician
- March 14 – William J. Jefferson, African-American politician
- March 15 – Ry Cooder, American guitarist
- March 19 – Glenn Close, American actress
- March 20
- John Boswell, American historian (d. 1994)
- Chip Zien, American actor
- March 22
- James Patterson, American author
- Florence Warner, American singer, voice actress (Once Upon a Forest)
- March 27 – Walt Mossberg, American newspaper columnist
April
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- April 2
- Emmylou Harris, American singer, songwriter
- Camille Paglia, American literary critic
- April 6 – John Ratzenberger, American actor (Cheers)
- April 8
- Tom DeLay, American conservative politician
- Robert Kiyosaki, American investor, businessman and self-help author
- April 9 – Ken Lewis, American CEO, president and chairman of Bank of America
- April 11
- Meshach Taylor, African-American actor (d. 2014)
- Lucian Truscott IV, American writer, journalist
- April 12
- Tom Clancy, American author (d. 2013)
- David Letterman, American talk show host
- April 15
- Lois Chiles, American actress
- Roy Raymond, American entrepreneur (Victoria's Secret) (d. 1993)
- April 16
- Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, African-American pro basketball player, actor (Airplane!)
- Frank Hamblen, American basketball coach (d. 2017)
- April 18
- Kathy Acker, American author (d. 1997)
- James Woods, American actor
- April 19 – Murray Perahia, American pianist
- April 20 – Andrew Tobias, American journalist and author
- April 21 – Iggy Pop, American rock musician
- April 22 – Norma Harris, American sprinter
- April 25 – Jeffrey DeMunn, American actor
- April 28 – Ken St. Andre, American game designer, author
- April 29 – Tommy James, American rock singer, producer
May
- May 3 – Richard Jenkins, American actor
- May 4 – Theda Skocpol, American sociologist
- May 6 – Martha Nussbaum, American philosopher
- May 8
- H. Robert Horvitz, American biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- Jamie Donnelly, American film, stage actress
- May 10 – Jay Ferguson, American singer-songwriter, keyboard player (Spirit and Jo Jo Gunne)
- May 11 – Butch Trucks, American drummer (The Allman Brothers Band) (d. 2017)
- May 13 – Stephen R. Donaldson, American novelist
- May 14 – Tamara Dobson, African-American actress, fashion model (d. 2006)
- May 16 – Buddy Roberts, American professional wrestler (d. 2012)
- May 23 – Ken Westerfield, American disc sports (Frisbee) pioneer, athlete, showman and promoter
- May 27 – Peter DeFazio, American politician
June
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- June 3 – Dave Alexander, American musician (d. 1975)
- June 5 – Laurie Anderson, American experimental performance artist, composer and musician
- June 6 – Robert Englund, American actor, director and singer
- June 7
- Thurman Munson, American baseball player (d. 1979)
- Edward C. Prado, American judge
- June 8 – Eric F. Wieschaus, American biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- June 14 – Barry Melton, American rock musician (Country Joe and the Fish)
- June 15 – John Hoagland, American war photographer (d. 1984)
- June 19 – Linda Myers, American archer
- June 20 – Candy Clark, American actress
- June 21
- Meredith Baxter, American actress (Family Ties)
- Jim Benzelock, American professional ice hockey right winger
- Michael Gross, American actor (Family Ties)
- Duane Thomas, American football running back
- June 22
- Bobby Douglass, American football quarterback
- Octavia E. Butler, American author (d. 2006)
- David Lander, American actor (Laverne and Shirley)
- Pete Maravich, American basketball player (d. 1988
- June 24
- Peter Weller, American actor, director
- Walter Willison, American stage actor
- June 25
- Jimmie Walker, African-American actor (Good Times)
- John Powell, American track and field athlete
- June 26 – Edd Hargett, American football quarterback
- June 28 – Mark Helprin, American writer
- June 29 – Richard Lewis, American comedian, actor (Robin Hood: Men in Tights, Curb Your Enthusiasm)
July
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- July 1 – Marc Benno, American singer, songwriter and guitarist
- July 2 – Larry David, American actor, writer, producer and director (Curb Your Enthusiasm)
- July 3
- Dave Barry, American writer
- Betty Buckley, American actress, singer
- Mike Burton, American swimmer
- July 5
- Joe Brown, African-American television judge
- Dan Hewitt Owens, American actor
- July 6
- Shelley Hack, American model, actress, producer, political and media advisor
- Larnelle Harris, African-American Christian musician
- July 7
- Randy Goodrum, American songwriter, pianist and producer
- David Hodo, American singer
- Carl Mauck, American football player
- July 8 – Bobby Sowell, American pianist, composer
- July 9 – O. J. Simpson, American football player, sportscaster, actor and author, convicted of causing wrongful death and felony
- July 10 – Arlo Guthrie, American folk singer (Alice's Restaurant)
- July 12 – Loren Coleman, American cryptozoologist, author
- July 15 – Roky Erickson, American singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2019)
- July 16
- Alexis Herman, American politician
- Assata Shakur, American convicted murder
- July 19 – Bernie Leadon, American musician, songwriter
- July 22
- Albert Brooks, American actor, comedian, director and novelist
- Erica Gavin, American film actress
- Don Henley, American singer, songwriter and musician
- July 23 – Spencer Christian, American television personality
- July 24 – Peter Serkin, American pianist (d. 2020)
- July 27 – Bob Klein, American football player
- July 30
- William Atherton, American actor
- Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian-American actor, bodybuilder and politician
- July 31 – Joe Wilson, American politician
August
- August 3 – Colleen Corby, American fashion model
- August 9 – John Varley, American science-fiction author
- August 14 – Danielle Steel, American romance novelist
- August 16 – Carol Moseley-Braun, American politician
- August 19
- Terry Hoeppner, American football coach (d. 2007)
- Gerard Schwarz, American conductor
- Gerald McRaney, American television, movie actor (Major Dad)
- August 22 – Cindy Williams, American actress (Laverne and Shirley)
- August 24 – Joe Manchin, American politician
- August 27
- Harry Reems, American pornographic actor (d. 2013)
- Barbara Bach, American actress
- August 28 – Alice Playten, American actress (d. 2011)
- August 29 – Temple Grandin, American animal welfare, autism expert
September
- September 1 – Al Green, American politician
- September 5 – Buddy Miles, African-American drummer, singer and composer (d. 2008)
- September 6
- Jane Curtin, American actress and comedian
- Keone Young, American actor
- September 8 – Benjamin Orr, American singer-songwriter (d. 2000)
- September 9 – Freddy Weller, American singer-songwriter
- September 19 – Steve Bartlett, American politician
- September 21
- Don Felder, American rock guitarist
- Stephen King, American horror novelist
- September 22 – Norma McCorvey, abortion plaintiff (Roe v. Wade) (d. 2017)
- September 23
- Jerry Corbetta, American singer, songwriter and keyboardist (Sugarloaf) (d. 2016)
- Mary Kay Place, American actress
- September 25
- Cheryl Tiegs, American model, actress
- Cecil Womack, African-American singer, songwriter (Womack & Womack) (d. 2013)
- September 26 – Lynn Anderson, American country-music singer (d. 2015)
- September 27 – Meat Loaf, American rock singer, actor
October
- October 1 – Stephen Collins, American actor
- October 2 – Ward Churchill, American author and activist
- October 3
- John Perry Barlow, American internet activist, writer and lyricist (d. 2018)
- Fred DeLuca, American entrepreneur, co-founder of Subway (d. 2015)
- October 6 – Gail Farrell, American singer
- October 8 – Stephen Shore, American photographer
- October 13 – Sammy Hagar, American rock musician (Van Halen)
- October 16 – Bob Weir, American rock guitarist
- October 17
- Gene Green, American politician
- Michael McKean, American actor, comedian (Laverne and Shirley)
- October 18 – James H. Fallon, American neuroscientist
- October 23 – Frank DiLeo, American actor and music industry executive (d. 2011)
- October 24 – Kevin Kline, American actor
- October 26 – Hillary Clinton, First Lady of the United States, 67th Secretary of State
- October 29 – Richard Dreyfuss, American actor
- October 30 – Timothy B. Schmit, American musician
November
- November 3 – Mazie Hirono, American politician
- November 8
- Minnie Riperton, African-American singer (d. 1979)
- Lewis Yocum, American orthopedic surgeon (d. 2013)
- November 9 – Phil Driscoll, American Christian musician, trumpet player
- November 10 – Glen Buxton, American rock guitarist (d. 1997)
- November 12 – Ron Bryant, American baseball player
- November 13
- Toy Caldwell, American guitarist and songwriter (The Marshall Tucker Band) (d. 1993)
- Gene Garber, American baseball player
- Joe Mantegna, American actor
- November 14
- Buckwheat Zydeco, American accordionist (d. 2016)
- P. J. O'Rourke, American journalist, satirist
- November 15 – Steven G. Kellman, American author, critic
- November 17 – Will Vinton, American animator, filmmaker (d. 2018)
- November 19
- Bob Boone, American baseball player, manager
- Lamar S. Smith, American politician
- Ira David Wood III, American actor
- November 20 – Joe Walsh, American rock singer, songwriter and guitarist
- November 24 – Dwight Schultz, American actor (The A-Team)
- November 25 – John Larroquette, American actor (Night Court)
- November 30
- Jude Ciccolella, American actor
- David Mamet, American playwright
December
- December 7
- Johnny Bench, American baseball player
- Jeff Maxwell, American actor (M*A*S*H)
- December 8
- Gregg Allman, American singer-songwriter (d. 2017)
- Thomas R. Cech, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- December 9 – Tom Daschle, American politician
- December 14 – Christopher Parkening, American guitarist
- December 16 – Vincent Matthews, American athlete
- December 20 – Bo Ryan, American basketball player and coach
- December 26 – Carlton Fisk, American baseball player
- December 27 – Bob Conti, American musician
- December 29 – Ted Danson, American actor (Cheers)
- December 31 – Tim Matheson, American actor, film director and producer
Undated
- William B. Taylor Jr., American diplomat
Deaths
January–June
- January 3 – Gus Wickie, singer and voice actor (b. 1885)
- January 10 – Arthur E. Andersen, accountant (b. 1885)
- January 14 – Bill Hewitt, football player (Chicago Bears) and member of Pro Football Hall of Fame (b. 1909)
- January 16
- Sonny Berman, jazz trumpeter, of suspected drug overdose (b. 1925)
- Fate Marable, jazz pianist and bandleader, of pneumonia (b. 1890)
- January 20
- Andrew Volstead, politician (b. 1860)
- Josh Gibson, African-American baseball player and member of MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1911)
- January 25 – Al Capone, gangster (b. 1899)
- January 26 – Grace Moore, operatic soprano, in plane crash (b. 1898)
- February 12
- Kurt Lewin, German-American psychologist (b. 1890)
- Sidney Toler, actor (b. 1874)
- March 8 – Victor Potel, character actor and comedian (b. 1889)
- March 9 – Carrie Chapman Catt, women's suffrage leader (b. 1859)
- March 12 – Winston Churchill, novelist (b. 1871)
- March 18 – William C. Durant, automobile pioneer (b. 1861)
- March 21 – Homer Lusk Collyer, one of the reclusive Collyer brothers (b. 1881)
- March 28 – Johnny Evers, baseball player (Chicago Cubs) and member of MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1881)
- April 7 – Henry Ford, automobile manufacturer (b. 1863)
- April 8 – Langley Collyer, one of the reclusive Collyer brothers (b. 1885)
- April 10 – John Ince, actor (b. 1878)
- April 24 – Willa Cather, novelist (b. 1873)
- April 29 – Irving Fisher, economist (b. 1867)
- May 6 – Louise Homer, operatic contralto (b. 1871)
- May 8 – Harry Gordon Selfridge, department store magnate (b. 1858)
- May 14 – John R. Sinnock, eighth Chief Engraver of the United States Mint (b. 1888)
- May 18 – Lucile Gleason, actress (b. 1888)
- May 30 – Baron Georg von Trapp, Austrian naval officer, patriarch of the Von Trapp Family Singers (b. 1880)
- May 31 – Adrienne Ames, actress (b. 1907)
- June 9 – J. Warren Kerrigan, actor (b. 1879)
- June 11 – Richard Hönigswald, Hungarian-born philosopher (b. 1875)
- June 17 – Maxwell Perkins, literary editor (b. 1884)
- June 20 – Bugsy Siegel, gangster (b. 1906)
- June 22 – Jim Tully, vagabond, pugilist and writer (b. 1891)
July–December
- July 12 – Jimmie Lunceford, African-American jazz saxophonist and bandleader, of cardiac arrest (b. 1902)
- July 15
- Walter Donaldson, songwriter (b. 1893)
- Brandon Hurst, stage and screen actor (b. 1866)
- August 3 – Vic Willis, baseball player (Boston Braves) and member of MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1876)
- September 1 – Frederick Russell Burnham, father of the international Scouting movement (b. 1861)
- September 18 – Bert Kalmar, lyricist (b. 1884)
- September 20
- Fiorello H. La Guardia, Mayor of New York (b. 1882)
- Edward McCartan, sculptor (b. 1879)
- September 21 – Harry Carey, film actor (b. 1878)
- October 1
- Olive Borden, actress (b. 1906)
- James Gamble Rogers, architect (b. 1867)
- October 3 – Ernest L. Riebau, politician (b. 1895)
- October 17 – John Halliday, actor (b. 1880)
- October 29 – Frances Cleveland, First Lady, wife of President Grover Cleveland (b. 1864)
- November 3 – John Gilbert Winant, politician and diplomat, suicide (b. 1889)
- November 20 – Walter J. Mathews, California architect (b. 1850)
- November 28 – W. E. Lawrence, silent film actor (b. 1896)
- December 7 – Nicholas Murray Butler, polymath, president of Columbia University and recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1862)
gollark: ~play communism issues
gollark: ~play communism problems
gollark: ~play communism failure
gollark: ~play why communism is bad
gollark: ~remove 1
References
- "On This Day", The New York Times, retrieved 2016-08-24
External links
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