18th New Zealand Parliament

The 18th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the New Zealand Parliament. It was elected at the 1911 general election in December of that year.

18th Parliament of New Zealand
←17th Parliament 19th Parliament→
Overview
Legislative bodyNew Zealand Parliament
Term15 February 1912 – 5 November 1914
Election1911 New Zealand general election
GovernmentReform Government
––Liberal Government until 10 July 1912
House of Representatives
Members80
Speaker of the HouseFrederic Lang
––Arthur Guinness until 10 June 1913†
Prime MinisterWilliam Massey
––Thomas Mackenzie until 10 July 1912
Joseph Ward until 12 March 1912
Leader of the OppositionJoseph Ward from 11 September 1913
––William Massey until 10 July 1912
Legislative Council
Members37 (at start)
39 (at end)
Speaker of the CouncilCharles Bowen
Sovereign
MonarchHM George V
GovernorHE Rt. Hon. The Earl of Liverpool

1911 general election

The Second Ballot Act 1908 was used for the 1911 general election. The first ballot was held on Thursday, 7 December in the general electorates. The second ballots were held one week later on 14 December. The Second Ballot Act did not apply to the four Māori electorates and the election was held on Tuesday, 19 December.[1] A total of 80 MPs were elected; 42 represented North Island electorates, 34 represented South Island electorates, and the remaining four represented Māori electorates.[2] 590,042 voters were enrolled and the official turnout at the election was 83.5%.[1]

Sessions

The 18th Parliament sat for four sessions (there were two sessions in 1912), and was prorogued on 20 November 1914.[3]

SessionOpenedAdjouned
first15 June 19121 March 1912
second27 June 19127 November 1912
third26 June 191316 December 1913
fourth25 June 19145 November 1914

Party standings

Start of Parliament
Party Leader(s) Seats at start
Reform PartyWilliam Massey37
Liberal PartyJoseph Ward33
Labour PartyAlfred Hindmarsh4
Independents6

End of Parliament
Party Leader(s) Seats at end
Reform PartyWilliam Massey38
Liberal PartyJoseph Ward31
United Labour PartyAlfred Hindmarsh3
Social Democrat PartyJames McCombs2
Independents6

Ministries

The Liberal Government of New Zealand had taken office on 24 January 1891.[4] Joseph Ward formed the Ward Ministry on 6 August 1906.[5][6] The Ward Ministry remained in power until Ward's resignation as Prime Minister in March 1912.[7][5] The Liberal Party remained in power only on the casting vote of the Speaker, Arthur Guinness, selected Thomas Mackenzie as Prime Minister and he formed the Mackenzie Ministry on 28 March 1912.[7][8] In July 1912, Mackenzie lost a vote of no confidence, resigned as Prime Minister and handed over to William Massey of the Reform Party, bringing to an end the long reign of the Liberal Party.[9] The Massey Ministry lasted for the remainder of the parliamentary term.[10]

Initial composition of the 18th Parliament

The following are the results of the 1911 general election:

Key

  Reform     Liberal     Labour     Independent Liberal     Independent Labour  
  Socialist        Liberal–Labour   Independent     Affiliation unknown
Electorate results for the 1911 New Zealand general election[11]
ElectorateIncumbentWinnerMajorityRunner up
General electorates[nb 1]
Ashburton William Nosworthy 913† John Kennedy
Auckland Central Albert Glover 2,261 Michael Joseph Savage
Auckland East Arthur Myers 1,993 Arthur Withy
Auckland West Charles Poole James Bradney 1,577 Charles Poole
Avon George Warren Russell 271† James McCombs
Awarua Joseph Ward 628 John Hamilton
Bay of Islands Vernon Reed 183 George Wilkinson[12]
Bay of Plenty William MacDonald 535 Harry De Lautour
Bruce James Allen 675 Parker McKinlay
Buller James Colvin 150 Fergus Ferguson Munro
Chalmers Edward Henry Clark 326† John Thomas Johnson
Christchurch East Thomas Davey 1181† Henry Thacker
Christchurch North Leonard Isitt 749† John Hall
Christchurch South Harry Ell 631 Gains Whiting
Clutha Alexander Malcolm 375 George Livingstone[13]
Dunedin Central James Frederick Arnold Charles Statham 1544 James Frederick Arnold
Dunedin North George Thomson 759† Robert Douglas
Dunedin South Thomas Sidey 745 John McManus
Dunedin West John A. Millar 639† Harry Bedford
Eden John Bollard 663 William Speight
Egmont Bradshaw Dive Thomas Mackenzie 327 Bradshaw Dive
Ellesmere Heaton Rhodes 1581 George Armstrong
Franklin William Massey 1963 John McLarin[14]
Gisborne James Carroll Uncontested
Grey Arthur Guinness 1138 Paddy Webb
Grey Lynn George Fowlds John Payne 38† George Fowlds
Hawke's Bay Alfred Dillon Hugh Campbell 1107† Horace Simson
Hurunui George Forbes 939 David Macfarlane
Hutt Thomas Wilford 1931 Michael Reardon
Invercargill Josiah Hanan 667† Thomas Fleming
Kaiapoi David Buddo 209† Richard Moore
Kaipara John Stallworthy Gordon Coates 572† John Stallworthy
Lyttelton George Laurenson 2079 Colin Cook
Manukau Frederic Lang 2307 Ralph Stewart
Marsden Francis Mander 544 Edmund Purdie
Masterton Alexander Hogg George Sykes 581† Alexander Hogg
Mataura George Anderson 857 John MacGibbon
Motueka Roderick McKenzie 1104 Frederick Smith
Napier Vigor Brown 1064 Henry Hill[15]
Nelson John Graham Harry Atmore 1516† Walter Moffatt
Oamaru Thomas Young Duncan Ernest Lee 1364 Thomas Young Duncan
Ohinemuri Hugh Poland 1207† Pat Hickey
Oroua David Guthrie 1092 Robert Hornblow
Otago Central New electorate Robert Scott 1810 William Mason
Otaki William Hughes Field John Robertson 21† William Hughes Field
Pahiatua Robert Ross James Escott 573† Robert Ross
Palmerston David Buick 832 Robert McNab
Parnell Frank Lawry James Samuel Dickson 438† John Findlay
Patea George Pearce 960 Patrick O'Dea
Raglan New electorate Richard Bollard 919† Allen Bell
Rangitikei Robert William Smith Edward Newman 1028 William Meldrum
Riccarton George Witty 1373† Charles Ensor
Selwyn Charles Hardy William Dickie 271 Charles Hardy
Stratford John Hine 730 Joseph McCluggage
Taranaki Henry Okey 754 Charles Bellringer
Taumarunui William Thomas Jennings Charles Wilson 125 William Thomas Jennings
Tauranga William Herries 1941 Robert King
Temuka New electorate Thomas Buxton 1372 William Jeffries
Thames Edmund Taylor Thomas William Rhodes 66 Edmund Taylor
Timaru James Craigie 1226 Joseph Moore
Waikato Henry Greenslade Alexander Young 1128 Henry Greenslade
Waimarino New electorate Robert William Smith 480† Frank Hockly
Waipawa Charles Hall George Hunter 569 Albert Jull
Wairarapa Walter Clarke Buchanan 125 J. T. Marryat Hornsby
Wairau John Duncan Richard McCallum 142† John Duncan
Waitaki William Steward Francis Henry Smith 84† John Macpherson
Waitemata Leonard Phillips James Samuel Dickson 407† William Joseph Napier
Wakatipu William Fraser 91 James Horn
Wallace John Charles Thomson 1962 Alan Carmichael
Wanganui James Thomas Hogan Bill Veitch 1156† James Thomas Hogan
Wellington East David McLaren Alfred Newman 65† David McLaren
Wellington Central Francis Fisher 131† Robert Fletcher
Wellington North Alexander Herdman 1807 Arnold Woolford Izard
Wellington South Robert Wright Alfred Hindmarsh 254† Robert Wright
Wellington Suburbs and Country John Luke William Henry Dillon Bell 399 Frank Moore
Westland Tom Seddon 271 Henry Michel
Māori electorates[nb 2]
Eastern Maori Āpirana Ngata Uncontested
Northern Maori Te Rangi Hīroa 405 Riapo Timoti Puhipi
Southern Maori Tame Parata Taare Parata 31 Hopere Uru
Western Maori Henare Kaihau Māui Pōmare 565 Henare Kaihau

Table footnotes:

  1. † in Majority column depicts electorates in which a second ballot was held.
  2. The affiliation of many of the Maori candidates is unknown or uncertain; note that the Second Ballot Act 1908 did not apply to Maori constituencies.

By-elections during 18th Parliament

There were a number of changes during the term of the 18th Parliament.

Electorate and by-electionDateIncumbentCauseWinner
Egmont 1912 17 September Thomas Mackenzie Resignation Charles Wilkinson
Grey 1913[16] 17 & 24 July Arthur Guinness Death Paddy Webb
Lyttelton 1913[17] 9 & 16 December George Laurenson Death James McCombs
NameYearSeatFromTo
Alfred Hindmarsh 1912 Wellington South Labour United Labour
John Payne Grey Lynn Independent Labour
Bill Veitch Wanganui Independent Labour United Labour

Notes
  1. "General elections 1853–2005 - dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  2. Scholefield 1950, p. 90.
  3. Scholefield 1950, p. 69.
  4. Scholefield 1950, p. 40.
  5. Scholefield 1950, pp. 42–43.
  6. Hall-Jones, John. "Hall-Jones, William 1851–1936". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  7. Bassett, Michael. "Ward, Joseph George 1856–1930". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  8. Scholefield 1950, p. 43.
  9. Brooking, Tom. "Mackenzie, Thomas Noble 1853–1930". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  10. Scholefield 1950, pp. 43–44.
  11. "The General Election, 1911". National Library. 1912. pp. 1–14. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
  12. "Political Gossip". The Marlborough Express. C (266). 16 November 1914. p. 3. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
  13. "Clutha". Otago Witness (3008). 8 November 1911. p. 37. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  14. "Electoral district of Franklin: nominations". Auckland Star. XLII (290). 6 December 1911. p. 16. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  15. Matthews, Kay Morris. "Henry Hill". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  16. "Declaration of Result of Poll and Notification of Second Ballot". Grey River Argus. 24 July 1913. p. 1. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  17. "Mr McCombs Returned". Northern Advocate. 17 December 1913. p. 4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
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References
  • Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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