List of states and territories of the United States by population

The states and territories included in the United States Census Bureau's statistics include the fifty states, the District of Columbia, and the five permanently inhabited territories of the United States, including Puerto Rico.[1]

Population by state, including Puerto Rico (2015)
  580k–2.7M
  2.8M–5.27M
  5.28M–8.25M
  8.26M–11.5M
  11.6M–19.4M
  19.5M–26.4M
  26.5M–38.4M
  38.5M+

Methodology
Map of population change in U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories from 2010 to 2019.

The United States Census counts total persons residing in the United States including citizens, non-citizen permanent residents, and non-citizen long-term visitors.[2] Civilian and military federal employees serving abroad and their dependents are counted in their home state.[3]

Electoral apportionment

Based on data from each decennial census, each state is allocated a proportion of the 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives (although each state is guaranteed a minimum of one House seat regardless of population). This apportionment is based on the proportion of each state's population to the combined population of the fifty states (not including the District of Columbia, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, or the United States Virgin Islands). The Electoral College is the body that, every four years, elects the President and Vice President of the United States based on the popular vote in each state and the District of Columbia (DC). Each state's number of votes in the Electoral College is equal to that state's total number of members in the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States Congress. The Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution effectively grants DC, which is not part of any state, three Electoral College votes. More precisely, DC gets as many Electoral College votes as it would have if it were a state, with the caveat that DC can have no more votes than the least populous state (currently, Wyoming). Currently, this caveat is a moot point since DC would only be entitled to one member of the House of Representatives if it were a state, and is more populous than only two of the seven states with a single member in the House since 2013. Since the Constitution guarantees every state at least one member of the U.S. House of Representatives and two U.S. Senators, it effectively guarantees every state (and, since the ratification of the 23rd Amendment to the Constitution, DC) at least three Electoral College votes. Thus, the total representation in the Electoral College is 538 members (100 senators, plus 435 representatives, plus 3 members for the District of Columbia).[4] Territories of the United States such as Puerto Rico are not included in the electoral college, and so people in those territories cannot vote for the President of the United States;[5] because of this, various scholars conclude that the U.S. national-electoral process is not fully democratic due to U.S. government disenfranchisement of U.S. citizens residing in the U.S. territories.[6][7]

State rankings
Rank State Census population Change, 2010–2019 Total U.S. House of
Representatives Seats		 Estimated population per
electoral vote, 2019[note 1]		 Census population per House seat Percent of the total U.S.
population, 2019[note 2]
Current 2010 Estimate,
July 1, 2019[8]		 April 1, 2010[9] Percent
[note 3]		 Absolute Estimated, 2019 2010
1 1  California 39,512,223 37,253,956 6.1% +2,257,700 53 718,404 745,514 702,885 11.91%
2 2  Texas 28,995,881 25,145,561 15.3% +3,850,320 36 763,050 805,441 698,503 8.74%
3 4  Florida 21,477,737 18,801,310 14.2% +2,676,427 27 740,611 795,472 696,468 6.47%
4 3  New York 19,453,561 19,378,102 0.4% +75,459 27 670,812 720,502 717,707 5.86%
5 6  Pennsylvania 12,801,989 12,702,379 0.8% +99,610 18 640,099 711,222 705,715 3.86%
6 5  Illinois 12,671,821 12,830,632 –1.2% –158,811 18 633,591 703,990 712,864 3.82%
7 7  Ohio 11,689,100 11,536,504 1.3% +152,596 16 649,394 730,569 721,032 3.52%
8 9  Georgia 10,617,423 9,687,653 9.6% +929,770 14 663,589 758,387 691,975 3.20%
9 10  North Carolina 10,488,084 9,535,483 10.0% +952,601 13 699,206 806,776 733,498 3.16%
10 8  Michigan 9,986,857 9,883,640 1.04% +103,217 14 624,179 713,347 705,974 3.01%
11 11  New Jersey 8,882,190 8,791,894 1.03% +90,296 12 634,442 740,183 732,658 2.68%
12 12  Virginia 8,535,519 8,001,024 6.7% +534,495 11 656,578 775,956 727,366 2.57%
13 13  Washington 7,614,893 6,724,540 13.2% +890,353 10 634,574 751,489 672,454 2.29%
14 16  Arizona 7,278,717 6,392,017 13.9% +886,700 9 661,702 808,746 710,224 2.19%
15 14  Massachusetts 6,892,503 6,547,629 5.3% +344,874 9 626,591 765,834 727,514 2.09%
16 17  Tennessee 6,829,174 6,346,105 7.6% +483,069 9 620,834 758,797 705,123 2.06%
17 15  Indiana 6,732,219 6,483,802 3.8% +248,417 9 612,020 748,024 720,422 2.03%
18 18  Missouri 6,137,428 5,988,927 2.48% +148,501 8 613,743 767,179 748,615 1.85%
19 19  Maryland 6,045,680 5,773,552 4.7% +272,128 8 604,568 755,710 721,694 1.82%
20 20  Wisconsin 5,822,434 5,686,986 2.4% +135,448 8 582,243 727,804 710,873 1.75%
21 22  Colorado 5,758,736 5,029,196 14.5% +729,540 7 639,860 822,677 720,704 1.74%
22 21  Minnesota 5,639,632 5,303,925 6.3% +335,707 8 563,963 704,954 662,991 1.70%
23 24  South Carolina 5,148,714 4,625,364 11.3% +523,350 7 572,079 735,531 660,766 1.55%
24 23  Alabama 4,903,185 4,779,736 2.6% +123,449 7 544,798 700,455 682,819 1.48%
25 25  Louisiana 4,648,794 4,533,372 2.546% +115,422 6 581,099 774,799 755,562 1.40%
26 26  Kentucky 4,467,673 4,339,367 2.96% +128,306 6 558,459 744,612 723,228 1.35%
27 27  Oregon 4,217,737 3,831,074 10.1% +386,663 5 602,534 843,547 766,215 1.27%
28 28  Oklahoma 3,956,971 3,751,351 5.5% +205,620 5 565,282 791,394 750,270 1.19%
29 30  Connecticut 3,565,287 3,574,097 –0.2% –8,810 5 509,327 713,057 714,824 1.07%
30 35  Utah 3,205,958 2,763,885 16.0% +442,073 4 534,326 801,490 690,972 0.97%
31 29  Puerto Rico 3,193,694 3,725,789 –14.3% –532,095 1 (non-voting) — 3,193,694 3,725,789 0.96%
32 31  Iowa 3,155,070 3,046,355 3.6% +108,715 4 525,845 788,768 761,717 0.95%
33 36  Nevada 3,080,156 2,700,551 14.1% +379,605 4 513,359 770,039 675,173 0.93%
34 33  Arkansas 3,017,804 2,915,918 3.5% +101,886 4 502,967 754,451 728,990 0.91%
35 32  Mississippi 2,976,149 2,967,297 0.3% +8,852 4 496,024 744,037 742,026 0.90%
36 34  Kansas 2,913,314 2,853,118 2.1% +60,196 4 485,552 728,329 713,280 0.88%
37 37  New Mexico 2,096,829 2,059,179 1.8% +37,650 3 419,366 698,943 686,393 0.63%
38 39  Nebraska 1,934,408 1,826,341 5.9% +108,067 3 386,882 644,803 608,780 0.58%
39 38  West Virginia 1,792,147 1,852,994 –3.3% –60,847 3 358,435 597,391 617,670 0.54%
40 40  Idaho 1,787,065 1,567,582 14.0% +219,483 2 446,516 893,033 783,826 0.54%
41 41  Hawaii 1,415,872 1,360,301 4.1% +55,571 2 353,968 707,936 680,151 0.43%
42 43  New Hampshire 1,359,711 1,316,470 3.3% +43,241 2 339,928 679,856 658,233 0.41%
43 42  Maine 1,344,212 1,328,361 1.2% +15,851 2 336,053 672,106 664,181 0.41%
44 45  Montana 1,068,778 989,415 8.0% +79,363 1 356,259 1,068,778 989,417 0.32%
45 44  Rhode Island 1,059,361 1,052,567 0.6% +6,794 2 264,840 529,681 526,466 0.32%
46 46  Delaware 973,764 897,934 8.4% +75,830 1 324,588 973,764 897,934 0.29%
47 47  South Dakota 884,659 814,180 8.7% +70,479 1 294,886 884,659 814,180 0.27%
48 49  North Dakota 762,062 672,591 13.3% +89,471 1 254,021 762,062 672,591 0.23%
49 48  Alaska 731,545 710,231 3.00% +21,314 1 243,848 731,545 710,231 0.22%
50 51  District of Columbia 705,749 601,723 17.3% +104,026 1 (non-voting) 235,250 — — 0.21%
51 50  Vermont 623,989 625,741 –0.3% –1,752 1 207,996 623,989 625,741 0.19%
52 52  Wyoming 578,759 563,626 2.7% +15,133 1 192,920 578,759 563,626 0.17%
53 53  Guam 168,485[10] 159,358[11] 5.73% +9,127 1 (non-voting) — — — 0.05%
54 54  U.S. Virgin Islands 106,235[12] 106,405[13] –0.16% –170 1 (non-voting) — — — 0.03%
55 56  Northern Mariana Islands 51,433[14] 53,883[15] –4.55% –2,450 1 (non-voting) — — — 0.02%
56 55  American Samoa 49,437[16] 55,519[17] –10.95% –6,082 1 (non-voting) — — — 0.02%
— — Contiguous United States 325,386,357 306,675,006 6.2% +19,011,351 432 616,262 753,209 708,285 98.06%
— — The fifty states 327,533,795 308,143,836 6.3% +19,389,959 435 612,213 752,951 708,405 98.71%
— — Fifty states + D.C. 328,239,523 308,745,538 6.3% +19,493,985 435 (+ 1 non-voting) 610,111 — — 98.92%
— — Total U.S. (including D.C. and territories) 331,808,807 312,846,492 6.1% +18,962,315 435 (+ 6 non-voting) — — — 100.00%
  1. Each state has a number of votes in the Electoral College equal to two more than its number of representatives in the U.S. House, while DC is granted 3 electoral votes. The Electoral College is used to elect the President and Vice President of the United States.
  2. Because of rounding of the individual percentages, the entries in this column may not sum to 100%.
  3. This figure for each state compares to a national increase of 5.97%.

Summary of population by region
Legend
Division totals – 9 divisions for 50 states and District of Columbia
Region totals – 4 regions (2 or 3 divisions each)
Individual territories
Total U.S. territories
50 states + District of Columbia
Divisions & regions as defined by U.S. Census Bureau
Last col. shows larger region which contains entity in col. 1
Population of states, territories, divisions and regions
State/federal district/territory/
division/region		 Rank 2019 population Rank 2010
population		 Rank 2000
population		 Rank 2000-
2010
change		 Geographic
sort
 Massachusetts 15 6,892,503 14 6,547,629 13 6,349,097 43 3.1% NEng
 Connecticut 29 3,565,287 29 3,574,097 29 3,405,565 35 4.9% NEng
 New Hampshire 41 1,359,711 42 1,316,470 41 1,235,786 32 6.5% NEng
 Maine 42 1,344,212 41 1,328,361 40 1,274,923 39 4.2% NEng
 Rhode Island 44 1,059,361 43 1,052,567 43 1,048,319 49 0.4% NEng
 Vermont 49 623,989 49 625,741 49 608,827 44 2.8% NEng
       New England 9 14,845,063 9 14,444,865 9 13,922,517 7 3.8% NEast
 New York 4 19,453,561 3 19,378,102 3 18,976,457 46 2.1% MAtl
 Pennsylvania 5 12,801,989 6 12,702,379 6 12,281,054 41 3.4% MAtl
 New Jersey 11 8,882,190 11 8,791,894 9 8,414,350 37 4.5% MAtl
       Mid-Atlantic 4 41,137,740 4 40,872,375 4 39,671,861 8 3.0% NEast
       Northeast 4 55,982,803 4 55,317,240 4 53,594,378 4 3.2% USA
 Florida 3 21,477,737 4 18,801,310 4 15,982,378 8 17.6% SAtl
 Georgia 8 10,617,423 9 9,687,653 10 8,186,453 7 18.3% SAtl
 North Carolina 9 10,488,084 10 9,535,483 11 8,049,313 6 18.5% SAtl
 Virginia 12 8,535,519 12 8,001,024 12 7,078,515 16 13.0% SAtl
 Maryland 19 6,045,680 19 5,773,552 19 5,296,486 23 9.0% SAtl
 South Carolina 23 5,148,714 24 4,625,364 26 4,012,012 10 15.3% SAtl
 West Virginia 38 1,792,147 37 1,852,994 37 1,808,344 45 2.5% SAtl
 Delaware 45 973,764 45 897,934 45 783,600 11 14.6% SAtl
 District of Columbia -- 705,749 -- 601,723 -- 572,059 -- 5.2% SAtl
       South Atlantic 1 65,784,817 1 59,777,037 1 51,769,160 3 15.5% South
 Tennessee 16 6,829,174 17 6,346,105 16 5,689,283 19 11.5% ESC
 Alabama 24 4,903,185 23 4,779,736 23 4,447,100 27 7.5% ESC
 Kentucky 26 4,467,673 26 4,339,367 25 4,041,769 28 7.4% ESC
 Mississippi 34 2,976,149 31 2,967,297 31 2,844,658 38 4.3% ESC
       East South Central 8 19,176,181 8 18,432,505 8 17,022,810 5 8.3% South
 Texas 2 28,995,881 2 25,145,561 2 20,851,820 5 20.6% WSC
 Louisiana 25 4,648,794 25 4,533,372 22 4,468,976 48 1.4% WSC
 Oklahoma 28 3,956,971 28 3,751,351 27 3,450,654 24 8.7% WSC
 Arkansas 33 3,017,804 32 2,915,918 33 2,673,400 22 9.1% WSC
       West South Central 5 40,619,450 5 36,346,202 5 31,444,850 2 15.6% South
       South 1 125,580,448 1 114,555,744 1 100,236,820 1 14.3% USA
 Illinois 6 12,671,821 5 12,830,632 5 12,419,293 42 3.3% ENC
 Ohio 7 11,689,100 7 11,536,504 7 11,353,140 47 1.6% ENC
 Michigan 10 9,986,857 8 9,883,640 8 9,938,444 50 -0.6% ENC
 Indiana 17 6,732,219 15 6,483,802 14 6,080,485 31 6.6% ENC
 Wisconsin 20 5,822,434 20 5,686,986 18 5,363,675 34 6.0% ENC
       East North Central 3 46,902,431 3 46,421,564 2 45,155,037 9 2.8% MWest
 Missouri 18 6,137,428 18 5,988,927 17 5,595,211 29 7.0% WNC
 Minnesota 22 5,639,632 21 5,303,925 21 4,919,479 26 7.8% WNC
 Iowa 31 3,155,070 30 3,046,355 30 2,926,324 40 4.1% WNC
 Kansas 35 2,913,314 33 2,853,118 32 2,688,418 33 6.1% WNC
 Nebraska 37 1,934,408 38 1,826,341 38 1,711,263 30 6.7% WNC
 South Dakota 46 884,659 46 814,180 46 754,844 25 7.9% WNC
 North Dakota 47 762,062 48 672,591 47 642,200 36 4.7% WNC
       West North Central 7 21,426,573 7 20,505,437 6 19,237,739 6 6.6% MWest
       Midwest 3 68,329,004 3 66,927,001 2 64,392,776 3 3.9% USA
 Arizona 14 7,278,717 16 6,392,017 20 5,130,632 2 24.6% Mtn
 Colorado 21 5,758,736 22 5,029,196 24 4,301,261 9 16.9% Mtn
 Utah 30 3,205,958 34 2,763,885 34 2,233,169 3 23.8% Mtn
 Nevada 32 3,080,156 35 2,700,551 35 1,998,257 1 35.1% Mtn
 New Mexico 36 2,096,829 36 2,059,179 36 1,819,046 15 13.2% Mtn
 Idaho 39 1,787,065 39 1,567,582 39 1,293,953 4 21.1% Mtn
 Montana 43 1,068,778 44 989,415 44 902,195 21 9.7% Mtn
 Wyoming 50 578,759 50 563,626 50 493,782 12 14.1% Mtn
       Mountain 6 24,854,998 6 22,065,451 7 18,172,295 1 21.4% West
 California 1 39,512,223 1 37,253,956 1 33,871,648 20 10.0% Pac
 Washington 13 7,614,893 13 6,724,540 15 5,894,121 13 14.1% Pac
 Oregon 27 4,217,737 27 3,831,074 28 3,421,399 18 12.0% Pac
 Hawaii 40 1,415,872 40 1,360,301 42 1,211,537 17 12.3% Pac
 Alaska 48 731,545 47 710,231 48 626,932 14 13.3% Pac
       Pacific 2 53,492,270 2 49,880,102 3 45,025,637 4 10.8% West
       West 2 78,347,268 2 71,945,553 3 63,197,932 2 13.8% USA
 50 states and District of Columbia -- 328,239,523 -- 308,745,538 -- 281,421,906 -- 9.7% NAmer
 Puerto Rico 1 3,193,694 1 3,725,789 1 3,808,610 3 -2.2% Terr.
 Guam 2 [note 1] 2 159,358 2 154,805 1 2.9% Terr.
 U.S. Virgin Islands 3 [note 1] 3 106,405 3 108,612 2 -2.0% Terr.
 American Samoa 4 [note 1] 4 55,519 5 57,291 4 -3.1% Terr.
 Northern Mariana Islands 5 [note 1] 5 53,883 4 69,221 5 -22.2% Terr.
       Total Territories -- [note 1] -- 4,100,954 -- 4,198,539 -- -2.3% USA

[18]

  1. There is no official population estimate for American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and United States Virgin Islands between the decennial censuses.

See also

References
General
  • "National Totals: Vintage 2015". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 23, 2015. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
  • "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved December 26, 2010.
  • "2010 Apportionment Population", U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved January 6, 2011
  • "2009 Census estimates". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on August 7, 2010. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
  • Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1995, U.S. Census Bureau, Section 29: Outlying Areas, Table No. 1347. Land Area and Population Characteristics, by [Outlying] Area: 1990 (page 828). Retrieved May 28, 2011
Specific
  1. Geographic Terms and Concepts - Island Areas of the United States, U.S. Census Bureau, archived from the original on December 10, 2016, retrieved March 19, 2019
  2. "FAQ: Does the Census Bureau collect data on the number of unauthorized migrants?". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
  3. "FAQ: Will 2010 Census apportionment population counts also include any Americans overseas". U. S Census Bureau. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
  4. Office of the Federal Register. "A Procedural Guide to the Electoral College". National Archives and Records Administration. Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
  5. http://www.gao.gov/archive/1998/og98005.pdf "U.S. Insular Areas: application of the U.S. Constitution" (PDF). U.S. General Accounting Office Report. November 1997. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  6. https://books.google.com/?id=xDhWAAAACAAJ&dq=The+Supreme+Court+and+Puerto+Rico:+The+Doctrine+of+Separate+and+Unequal Torruella, Juan R. (1985).Torruella, Juan R. (1985), The Supreme Court and Puerto Rico: The Doctrine of Separate and Unequal, University of Puerto Rico Press, ISBN 0-8477-3031-X
  7. http://academic.udayton.edu/race/02rights/citizen01.htm José D. Román. "Puerto Rico and a Constitutional Right to vote". University of Dayton. Retrieved October 2, 2007. (excerpted from: José D. Román, "Trying to Fit an Oval Shaped Island into a Square Constitution: Arguments for Puerto Rican Statehood" (), 29 Fordham Urban Law Journal 1681–1713, 1697–1713 (April 2002) (316 Footnotes Omitted))
  8. "Population, Population Change, and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019 (NST-EST2019-alldata)". Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 26, 2020. Retrieved February 8, 2020.
  9. "Resident Population Data: Population Change". United States Census Bureau. December 23, 2010. Archived from the original on December 25, 2010. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
  10. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gq.html CIA World Factbook. Guam. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  11. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on September 24, 2011. Retrieved September 12, 2010.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  12. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/vq.html CIA World Factbook. U.S. Virgin Islands. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  13. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on November 1, 2012. Retrieved December 13, 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  14. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cq.html CIA World Factbook. Northern Mariana Islands. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  15. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on December 23, 2010. Retrieved March 2, 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  16. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/aq.html CIA World Factbook. American Samoa. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  17. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on July 23, 2012. Retrieved September 11, 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  18. "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: United States". www.census.gov. Retrieved December 30, 2019.
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