Xilinhot
Xilinhot (Mongolian: Шилийн хот, 
Xilinhot 锡林浩特市 • ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨᠬᠣᠲᠠ | |
|---|---|
  Xilinhot Location in Inner Mongolia | |
| Coordinates (Xilinhot municipal government): 43°56′00″N 116°05′10″E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Autonomous region | Inner Mongolia |
| League | Xilingol |
| Incorporated (County-level city) | 10 October 1983 |
| Area | |
| • County-level city | 14,592.0 km2 (5,634.0 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 409.00 km2 (157.92 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 997 m (3,271 ft) |
| Population (2010)[2] | |
| • County-level city | 245,886 |
| • Density | 17/km2 (44/sq mi) |
| • Urban (2017)[1] | 213,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 026000 |
| Area code(s) | 0479 |
| License plate prefixes | 蒙H |
| Website | www |
History
During the Ming dynasty, the elder brother of Genghis Khan lived in Xilinhot area. As a result, the local Mongols were called Abganar, because Abgal in Mongolian means paternal uncle. When in the first half of the 17th century the Mongols submitted to the Manchu, the Abganar territories were divided into two banners: Abganar-Tszoitsi (Abganar left wing) and Abganar-Yuitsi (Abganar right wing). These wings were commanded by men in the rank of princes beile. The Abgal (阿巴嘎) and Hotsit (浩齐特) tribes also lived in the area. Xinlihot was renamed Beizi Temple (贝子庙; Bèizǐ miào) after the Qianlong Emperor built the Beizi Temple in 1743. Today, the Beizi temple is one of the largest temples on the Xilin Gol grassland.
In 1914, Beizi Temple was included in the newly founded Chahar Special Administrative Region, which became the Chahar Province in 1928. Later it was included in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In 1953, the county was renamed Xilinhot, and then Abahanaer Banner in 1956. In 1983, it was approved for classification as a county-level city by the state council, and once more renamed Xilinhot.
Geography
The elevation of Xilinhot is approximately 990 m (3,250 ft). The city is 610 and 620 km (380 and 390 mi) from Beijing and Hohhot (the capital of Inner Mongolia), respectively.
Climate
Xilinhot experiences a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) with long, very dry, and bitter winters and short, hot summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −18.8 °C (−1.8 °F) in January to 21.6 °C (70.9 °F) in July, with an annual mean temperature of 3.04 °C (37.5 °F). With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 59 percent in July to 73 percent in February, sunshine is abundant year-round. The city receives 2,970 hours of sunshine per year; due to the aridity, the diurnal temperature variation frequently approaches and exceeds 15 °C (27 °F). Most of the 264 mm (10.4 in) of annual rainfall occurs in July and August.
| Climate data for Xilinhot (1981−2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | −12.1 (10.2) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
2.3 (36.1) |
13.4 (56.1) |
20.8 (69.4) |
25.9 (78.6) |
27.9 (82.2) |
26.5 (79.7) |
20.9 (69.6) |
11.7 (53.1) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
10.1 (50.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −18.8 (−1.8) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
5.7 (42.3) |
13.5 (56.3) |
19.2 (66.6) |
21.6 (70.9) |
19.8 (67.6) |
13.3 (55.9) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
3.0 (37.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −23.9 (−11.0) |
−20.2 (−4.4) |
−11.6 (11.1) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
5.9 (42.6) |
12.3 (54.1) |
15.7 (60.3) |
13.6 (56.5) |
6.6 (43.9) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
−20.4 (−4.7) |
−3.2 (26.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.0 (0.08) |
2.1 (0.08) |
5.0 (0.20) |
7.6 (0.30) |
23.6 (0.93) |
45.3 (1.78) |
72.9 (2.87) |
61.6 (2.43) |
25.1 (0.99) |
10.0 (0.39) |
5.1 (0.20) |
3.2 (0.13) |
263.5 (10.38) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.1 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 5.9 | 10.9 | 14.0 | 11.6 | 6.7 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 78.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 72 | 67 | 54 | 38 | 39 | 48 | 59 | 60 | 53 | 52 | 60 | 70 | 56 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 205.0 | 213.7 | 262.1 | 271.6 | 298.2 | 287.5 | 276.9 | 273.3 | 254.5 | 239.7 | 199.7 | 187.8 | 2,970 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 72 | 73 | 72 | 68 | 66 | 63 | 59 | 63 | 68 | 70 | 69 | 68 | 67 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration (precipitation days and sunshine 1971–2000)[3][4] | |||||||||||||
Economy
The market of the area is centered in Xilinhot and cattle is of particular importance.
Culture and tourism
The historic center of Xilinhot contains an artistic temple.
The Naadam festival, a Mongolian feast, is celebrated every year. Naadam is a gathering of the Mongolian people that involves wrestling, horse trading, costume contests, horse racing, etc. It's the Mongolian summer festival with festival attendees wearing colorful costumes. Colorful yurts are set up to serve food and trinkets and supplies.
Mongolian culture is prevalent in the city scene; tapestries and monumental statues of Genghis Khan adorn homes, shops, and street corners.
Tourists can stay at nearby yurt resorts, where there are large yurts for dining surrounded by smaller individual yurts for sleeping. The Xilinhot countryside is marked by rolling grasslands populated by Mongolians who keep horses, sheep, goats, and cows. Mongolian meals consist of mutton, beef, cabbage, and other fruits and vegetables.
Cuisine
The diet of the area is centered around the local dairy and meat production. Products regularly eaten by residents include horse milk yogurt, milk, tofu, milk skin, beef and mutton string, hand meat, and grilled lamb.
Transportation
Xilinhot Airport has regular flights to Beijing on Air China and China United Airlines. The airport is also served by Tianjin Airlines with multiple daily flights to Hohhot and a seasonal daily flight to Tianjin; there are also occasional direct flights to other major cities.[5]
The K7917 train connects Xilinhot with the national rail network and departs daily for Hohhot and Baotou.
China National Highway 207 and China National Highway 303 both terminate in the Xilinhot area. The S27 Xilingol-Kalgan Expressway also ends in a suburb of Xilinhot.
External links
References
- Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, ed. (2019). China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017. Beijing: China Statistics Press. p. 48. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- (in Chinese) Data from the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China Archived December 29, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- 中国气象数据网 - WeatherBk Data (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2020-04-15.
- 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2010-05-25.
- "Xilinhot Airport Live Flight Information". Retrieved 15 September 2015.