Wattens

Wattens is a market town of the Innsbruck-Land District in the Austrian state of Tyrol. It is chiefly known as home of the Swarovski crystal glass company.

Wattens
View over Wattens and the Inn Valley
to the Karwendel mountains
Coat of arms
Wattens
Location within Austria
Coordinates: 47°17′N 11°35′E
CountryAustria
StateTyrol
DistrictInnsbruck Land
Government
 • MayorFranz Troppmair (ÖVP)
Area
 • Total10.84 km2 (4.19 sq mi)
Elevation
564 m (1,850 ft)
Population
 (2018-01-01)[2]
 • Total7,881
 • Density730/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
6112
Area code05224
Vehicle registrationIL
Websitewww.wattens.com

Geography
Main square with St Lawrence Church

Wattens is located in the Lower Inn Valley of North Tyrol, about 13 km (8.1 mi) east of Innsbruck. The municipal area stretches from the southern shore of the Inn River into the Wattental side valley, leading to the Wattentaler Lizum head within the Tux Alps range.

It has access to the Inn Valley Autobahn (A 12) and is served by ÖBB trains at Fritzens-Wattens station on the Lower Inn Valley Railway line.

History

Archaeological settlement traces date back to the La Tène era; the name Wattens was first mentioned as „Vuattanes“ in a 930 deed, when the area was part of the German stem duchy of Bavaria.[3] The region was held by the Counts of Tyrol from the 12th century onwards and acquired by the Austrian House of Habsburg in 1363.

In 1559 a paper mill was established at Wattens, the first in the Austrian lands. The local economy was further promoted, when in 1895 Daniel Swarovski (1862–1956), a glass cutter from Jiřetín pod Bukovou in Bohemia, settled here to start the production of crystal jewelry. Wattens received market rights in 1895.

Population
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1869838—    
1880816−2.6%
1890874+7.1%
1900968+10.8%
19102,000+106.6%
19232,300+15.0%
19343,233+40.6%
19393,372+4.3%
19514,364+29.4%
19615,402+23.8%
19716,249+15.7%
19816,300+0.8%
19916,804+8.0%
20017,291+7.2%
20117,625+4.6%

Economy
Giant waterspout at the entrance of ''Swarovski Kristallwelten

The Swarovski company is Wattens' main employer. In 1995, it celebrated its one-hundred-years jubilee by the establishment of the Swarovski Kristallwelten museum. André Heller designed several cabinets of curiosities modelled on the historic chambers of Ambras Castle. The museum features the history of crystal manufacturing, the life of Daniel Swarovski and a large collection of crystals including works by notable artists like Brian Eno and Niki de Saint Phalle. It is today one of the major tourist destinations in Austria, attracting visitors from all over the world.

Other museums are the typewriter museum and the Museum Wattens, dedicated to the history of Swarovski, the paper mill and excavations (Prehistory, Classical antiquity) in Wattens, as well as in neighbouring Volders and Fritzens.

The historic paper mill is the predecessor of the Wattenspapier factory, one of the leading manufacturers of rolling paper, since 1980 owned by the Finnish Delfort Group. 97% of the tobacco paper is exported to over 90 countries.

Notable people
Portrait of Jakob Gapp at the St Mary's parish church

Wattens is the birthplace of the Marianist priest Jakob Gapp (1897–1943). Openly rejecting the Austrian Anschluss to Nazi Germany in 1938, Gapp fled to France and upon the French defeat in 1940 to Valencia in Spain, where he preached against the persecution of Catholic resistance fighters by the Nazi authorities. In November 1942 he was captured by Gestapo agents in German-occupied France and deported to Berlin. At trial of the People's Court led by President Roland Freisler, he was sentenced to death and was executed at Plötzensee Prison. A Christian martyr of the Catholic Church, Gapp was beatified by Pope John Paul II in 1996.

Climate

Climate type is dominated by the winter season, a long, bitterly cold period with short, clear days, relatively little precipitation mostly in the form of snow, and low humidity. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Dfc" (Continental Subarctic Climate).[4]

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References
  1. "Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundesländer - Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  2. "Einwohnerzahl 1.1.2018 nach Gemeinden mit Status, Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  3. Martin Bitschnau; Hannes Obermair (2009). Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Abteilung: Die Urkunden zur Geschichte des Inn-, Eisack- und Pustertals. 1. Innsbruck: Universitätsverlag Wagner. pp. 104–5 no. 138. ISBN 978-3-7030-0469-8.
  4. Climate Summary for Wattens
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