Wanzhou District

Wanzhou District (simplified Chinese: 万州区; traditional Chinese: 萬州區; pinyin: Wànzhōu Qū) is Chongqing's second most populated urban core area on the upper reaches of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in China. It is currently governed as a district of Chongqing Municipality, bordering Sichuan to the northwest and Hubei to the southeast. It was formerly known as Wanxian or Wan County (simplified Chinese: 万县; traditional Chinese: 萬縣; pinyin: Wànxiàn). Prior to Chongqing's formation as a direct-controlled municipality, Wanzhou was part of Sichuan province. The urban core of Wanzhou is 228 km (142 mi) away from Chongqing's city proper.

"Wanzhou" redirects here. For other uses, see Wanzhou (disambiguation).
Wanzhou

万州区
District
The Yangtze River / Three Gorges reservoir at Wanzhou
Wanzhou District in Chongqing
Coordinates: 30°48′27″N 108°24′31″E
CountryPeople's Republic of China
MunicipalityChongqing
Area
 • District3,457 km2 (1,335 sq mi)
 • Urban
80 km2 (30 sq mi)
Population
 (2013)
 • District1,753,500
 • Density510/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
 • Urban
 (2018)[1]
700,000
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
GDP2013
 - TotalCNY 70.23 billion
(US$ 11.46 billion)
 - Per capitaCNY 43,197
(US$ 7,047)
Licence plate prefix渝F
Websitewz.gov.cn

"Wanzhou" literally means "myriad-prefecture", where "a myriad rivers converge and a myriad traders gather" (万川毕汇、万商云集). Due to the construction of the Three Gorges Dam, 47% of Wanzhou's old urban area will be underwater by the time the reservoir is filled. Buildings in the submerged area have been torn down and new ones rebuilt on higher ground.

History
An old stone bridge

The district was part of Wanxian Prefecture (万县地区), then the prefectural Wanxian City (万县市). It was renamed to Wanzhou in late 1990s.

It was part of Quren County of Ba Commandery (巴郡朐忍县) in the Qin Dynasty. It became Yangqu County (羊渠县) in 216 (the Eastern Han Dynasty). In 230 (the Shu-Han Kingdom), it was renamed to Nanpu (南浦县); in 553 (the Western Wei dynasty), to Yuquan (鱼泉县); in 557 (Northern Zhou Dynasty), to Anxiang (安乡县); in 584, to Wanchuan (万川县); and in 598 (Sui Dynasty), to Nanpu again.

In 619 (Tang Dynasty), Nanpu Commandery (南浦郡) was established. In 625, the name was changed to Pu Prefecture (浦州), and in 634, to Wan Prefecture (万州; Wànzhōu). In 1373 (Yuan Dynasty), Wan was demoted to a county (万县; Wànxiàn).

In the 19th century, it was known in English as Wanhsien and Wan County. In 1935, it became Wanxian Prefecture (万县专区). On December 12, 1992, the State Council abolished Wanxian Prefecture and its subordinate Wanxian City and created the prefecture-level Wanxian City, which administered the districts of Longbao (龙宝区), Tiancheng (天城区), Wuqiao (五桥区) and the counties of Kai, Zhong, Liangping, Yunyang, Fengjie, Wushan, Wuxi, and Chengkou.

The entire Wanxian City was merged into Chongqing on December 20, 1997. The merge necessitated the abolishment of Wanxian City and creation of Wanxian District and Wanxian Migration Development Area (移民开发区). Wanxian City's three districts were converted to administrative committees (管理委员会, abbreviated 管委会) of Wanxian District. The migration development area included the counties formerly in Wanxian City, except Liangping and Chengkou, which were administered by Chongqing directly.

On May 22, 1998, the State Council approved that the two areas named Wanxian were both renamed to Wanzhou. The migration development area later dissolved and its counties were directly controlled by Chongqing. On July 19, 2000, the district's administrative committees were changed to migration development areas.

Sports

The 26,000-capacity Wanzhou Pailou Sports Stadium is located in Wanzhou. It is used mostly for association football and also sometimes for athletics. One stand is covered with a roof.

Geography and climate

Wanzhou spans 30°24′−31°14′ N latitude and 107°55′−108°53′ E longitude, and is situated at the eastern edge of the Sichuan Basin. It reaches a maximal north-south extent of 67.25 km (41.79 mi) and east-west width of 97.25 km (60.43 mi), covering an area of 3,214 km2 (1,241 sq mi). Elevations range from 106 m (348 ft) in the town of Tailong (太龙镇) to 1,762 m (5,781 ft) at Shaping Peak (沙坪峰) of the Qiyao Mountains (齐曜山).[2] Bordering county-level divisions:

Similar to the city proper of Chongqing, Wanzhou has a monsoon-humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) with short, mild winters, and very hot, humid summers, and is in fact on average 0.5 °C (0.9 °F) warmer during the day. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 7.0 °C (44.6 °F) in January to 28.3 °C (82.9 °F) in August, while the annual mean is 17.95 °C (64.3 °F).

Climate data for Wanzhou District (1971−2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 20.3
(68.5)		 24.6
(76.3)		 32.5
(90.5)		 36.5
(97.7)		 39.5
(103.1)		 38.6
(101.5)		 40.6
(105.1)		 42.1
(107.8)		 41.2
(106.2)		 35.8
(96.4)		 28.2
(82.8)		 19.5
(67.1)		 42.1
(107.8)
Average high °C (°F) 10.4
(50.7)		 12.8
(55.0)		 17.4
(63.3)		 23.2
(73.8)		 27.4
(81.3)		 29.8
(85.6)		 33.4
(92.1)		 34.3
(93.7)		 28.7
(83.7)		 22.9
(73.2)		 17.6
(63.7)		 12.0
(53.6)		 22.5
(72.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 7.0
(44.6)		 8.7
(47.7)		 12.8
(55.0)		 18.1
(64.6)		 22.4
(72.3)		 25.2
(77.4)		 28.1
(82.6)		 28.3
(82.9)		 23.8
(74.8)		 18.6
(65.5)		 13.6
(56.5)		 8.8
(47.8)		 18.0
(64.4)
Average low °C (°F) 4.5
(40.1)		 5.8
(42.4)		 9.4
(48.9)		 14.4
(57.9)		 18.8
(65.8)		 21.8
(71.2)		 24.3
(75.7)		 24.2
(75.6)		 20.6
(69.1)		 15.8
(60.4)		 11.0
(51.8)		 6.6
(43.9)		 14.8
(58.6)
Record low °C (°F) −3.4
(25.9)		 −1.7
(28.9)		 −0.1
(31.8)		 2.6
(36.7)		 11.2
(52.2)		 15.4
(59.7)		 17.6
(63.7)		 18.1
(64.6)		 13.4
(56.1)		 5.3
(41.5)		 0.8
(33.4)		 −3.7
(25.3)		 −3.7
(25.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 15.5
(0.61)		 17.1
(0.67)		 43.2
(1.70)		 101.9
(4.01)		 170.9
(6.73)		 210.5
(8.29)		 200.3
(7.89)		 146.8
(5.78)		 154.1
(6.07)		 104.6
(4.12)		 45.5
(1.79)		 18.6
(0.73)		 1,229
(48.39)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 7.7 7.7 11.2 14.6 15.6 15.2 12.7 10.9 12.9 13.7 10.3 8.5 141.0
Source: Weather China

Subdivisions

The 4 primary subdivisions were 3 migration development areas (Longbao, Tiancheng, Wuqiao) and Jiangnan New District (江南新区). Now Wanzhou is subdivided into 92 township divisions are 16 sub-districts, 33 towns, and 43 townships (see Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Levels). In 2000, the district included 32 towns, 45 townships, 14 sub-districts, and 1277 neighborhood and village committees.

NameChinese (S)Hanyu PinyinPopulation (2010)[3]Area (km2)
Gaosuntang Subdistrict高笋塘街道Gāosǔntáng Jiēdào103,9823
Taibai Subdistrict太白街道Tàibái Jiēdào108,38713.1
Pailou Subdistrict牌楼街道Páilóu Jiēdào104,3519.8
Shuanghekou Subdistrict双河口街道Shuānghékǒu Jiēdào33,71523
Longdu Subdistrict龙都街道Lóngdōu Jiēdào36,13424
Zhoujiaba Subdistrict周家坝街道Zhōujiābà Jiēdào88,49412
Shahe Subdistrict沙河街道Shāhé Jiēdào24,91511.2
Zhonggulou Subdistrict钟鼓楼街道Zhōnggǔlóu Jiēdào85,87338.7
Bai'anba Subdistrict百安坝街道Bǎi'ānbà Jiēdào91,94715.8
Wuqiao Subdistrict五桥街道Wǔqiáo Jiēdào20,67225.7
Chenjiaba Subdistrict陈家坝街道Chénjiābà Jiēdào24,74534.75
Xiaozhou town小周镇Xiǎozhōu Zhèn9,13649
Dazhou town大周镇Dàzhōu Zhèn12,18464
Xinxiang town新乡镇Xīnxiāng Zhèn6,683140.2
Sunjia town孙家镇Sūnjiā Zhèn9,73746.6
Gaofeng town高峰镇Gāofēng Zhèn19,55046.2
Longsha town龙沙镇Lóngshā Zhèn28,12725
Xiangshui town响水镇Xiǎngshuǐ Zhèn16,88959.5
Wuling town武陵镇Wǔlíng Zhèn24,63234.4
Rangdu town瀼渡镇Ràngdù Zhèn[4]11,61330.7
Ganning town甘宁镇Gānníng Zhèn30,873104.8
Tiancheng town天城镇Tiānchéng Zhèn41,76252.4
Xiongjia town熊家镇Xióngjiā Zhèn33,17682.5
Gaoliang town高梁镇Gāoliáng Zhèn49,35737.7
Lihe town李河镇Lǐhé Zhèn23,26438.7
Fenshui town分水镇Fēnshuǐ Zhèn60,308220.96
Yujia town余家镇Yújiā Zhèn30,45478.2
Houshan town后山镇Hòushān Zhèn15,33878.86
Danzi town弹子镇Dànzǐ Zhèn18,31854.6
Changling town长岭镇Zhǎnglǐng Zhèn34,96253.2
Xintian town新田镇Xīntián Zhèn34,145104.4
Baiyang town白羊镇Báiyáng Zhèn38,07834.4
Longju town龙驹镇Lóngjū Zhèn31,982241.5
Zouma town走马镇Zǒumǎ Zhèn26,01776.5
Luotian town罗田镇Luōtián Zhèn27,66981.7
Tailong town太龙镇Tàilóng Zhèn14,14863
Changtan town长滩镇Chángtān Zhèn17,904101.3
Tai'an town太安镇Tài'ān Zhèn19,58347.2
Baitu town白土镇Báitǔ Zhèn16,79054.6
Guocun town郭村镇Guōcūn Zhèn21,32624.4
Zhushan Township柱山乡Zhùshān Xiāng16,33153.9
Tiefeng Township铁峰乡Tiěfēng Xiāng7,93450
Xikou Township溪口乡Xīkǒu Xiāng5,69539.2
Changping Township长坪乡Chángpíng Xiāng8,58044.3
Yanshan Township燕山乡Yànshān Xiāng9,84556.4
Lishu Township梨树乡Líshù Xiāng6,11651.02
Puzi Township普子乡Pǔzi Xiāng8,29585.7
Huangbo Township黄柏乡Huángbò Xiāng10,94931
Jiuchi Township九池乡Jiǔchí Xiāng17,70521.5
Cizhu Township茨竹乡Cízhú Xiāng5,27237.8
Debao Tujia Ethnic Township地宝土家族乡Debǎo Tǔjiāzú Xiāng5,50244.4
Henghe Tujia Ethnic Township恒合土家族乡Hénghé Tǔjiāzú Xiāng13,60681.9

Colleges and universities
  • Chongqing Three Gorges University (重庆三峡学院)[5]
  • Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College (重庆三峡医药高等专科学校)[6]
  • Chongqing Three Gorges Polytechnic College (重庆三峡职业学院)[7]
  • Chongqing Information Technology College (重庆信息技术职业学院)[8]
  • Chongqing Preschool Education College (重庆幼儿师范高等专科学校)[9]
  • Chongqing Vocational Institute of Safety & Technology (重庆安全技术职业学院)[10]
  • Chongqing Science And Technology Career Academy (重庆科技职业学院)

Transport

Wanzhou has three Yangtze River crossings.

  • View of Wanzhou
gollark: I don't *agree* with religious evangelism, I'm saying that it does not seem inconsistent with "true Catholicism" as qh4os says.
gollark: How? Consistently, if you believe that people not believing your thing will go to hell, and hell is bad, you should probably tell them. I'm not sure exactly what Catholic doctrine wrt. that *is* though, I think it varies.
gollark: And our experiments with understanding the underlying ethical particles have been halted after it transpired that colliding ethical entities at 99.99% of *c* actually had ethical associations itself, which caused bad interference.
gollark: Experimental moral philosophy has ethical issues, unfortunately.
gollark: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asch_conformity_experiments

References
  1. Cox, W (2018). Demographia World Urban Areas. 14th Annual Edition (PDF). St. Louis: Demographia. p. 22.
  2. 概述 1. 《万县志》. 1995.
  3. Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China; Population and Employment Statistics Division of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China (2012). 中国2010人口普查分乡、镇、街道资料 (1 ed.). Beijing: China Statistics Print. ISBN 978-7-5037-6660-2.
  4. 现代汉语词典第七版 [Contemporary Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese) (7 ed.). 2016. p. 1092. 瀼 ràng 瀼渡河(Ràngdù Hé)，水名，在重庆。
  5. 重庆三峡学院. 重庆市万州区沙龙路二段780号 重庆市万州区天星路666号
  6. 重庆三峡医药高等专科学校. 重庆市万州区百安坝天星路366号
  7. 重庆三峡职业学院. 重庆市万州区科龙路8号(火车站前)
  8. 重庆信息技术职业学院学院介绍. 重庆市万州区平湖路88号(金龙校区) 重庆万州区天城巨人路一号(天城校区)
  9. . 重庆万州天城育才路1号
  10. 重庆安全技术职业学院. 重庆市万州区百安坝安庆路583号
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