Turkish Sign Language
Turkish Sign Language (Turkish: Türk İşaret Dili, TİD) is the language used by the deaf community in Turkey. As with other sign languages, TİD has a unique grammar that is different from the oral languages used in the region.
| Turkish Sign Language | |
|---|---|
| Türk İşaret Dili | |
| Native to | Turkey, Northern Cyprus |
Early form | Possibly from Ottoman Sign Language
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | tsm |
| Glottolog | turk1288[1] |
TİD uses a two-handed manual alphabet which is very different from the two-handed alphabets used in the BANZSL sign languages.
Grammar
There is little published information on Turkish Sign Language. Turkish Sign Language exhibits an subject-object-verb order (SOV). There is a rich set of modal verbs which appear in a clause-final position.[2]
Signing communities
According to the Turkish Statistical Institute, there are a total of 89,000 persons (54,000 male, 35,000 female) with hearing impairment and 55,000 persons (35,000 male, 21,000 female) with speaking disability living in Turkey, based on 2000 census data.[3]
History
TİD is dissimilar from European sign languages. There was a court sign language of the Ottoman Empire, which reached its height in the 16th century and 17th centuries and lasted at least until the early 20th.[4] However, there is no record of the signs themselves and no evidence the language was ancestral to modern Turkish Sign Language.[5]
Deaf schools were established in 1902, and until 1953 used TİD alongside the Turkish spoken and written language in education.[6] Since 1953 Turkey has adopted an oralist approach to deaf education.
gollark: !help
gollark: Okay, I'm now running it sandboxed.
gollark: (note: dependent on reference frame)
gollark: My hosting has an uptime of more than 50%!
gollark: I may need to turn off the `git pull` thing or figure out how to heavily sandbox services in systemd.
See also
References
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Turkish Sign Language". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Serpil Karabüklü, Fabian Bross, Ronnie B. Wilbur & Daniel Hole: Modal signs and scope relations in TİD. FEAST, 2, 82-92. DOI: 10.31009/FEAST.i2.07
- Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Nüfus, Konut ve Demografi Verileri 2000
- Miles, M. (2000). Signing in the Seraglio: Mutes, dwarfs and gestures at the Ottoman Court 1500-1700, Disability & Society, Vol. 15, No. 1, 115-134
- Turkish Sign Language (TİD) General Info Archived 2012-04-15 at the Wayback Machine, Dr. Aslı Özyürek, Koç University website, accessed 2011-10-06
- Deringil, S. (2002). İktidarın Sembolleri ve İdeoloji: II. Abdülhamid Dönemi (1876–1909), YKY, İstanbul, 249.
External links
- Turkish Sign Language (Turkish and English) Website including dictionary and general information, by the Turkish Academy of Sciences and Koç University
- Turkish National Deaf Federation homepage (Turkish and English).
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^a Sign-language names reflect the region of origin. Natural sign languages are not related to the spoken language used in the same region. For example, French Sign Language originated in France, but is not related to French. Conversely, ASL and BSL both originated in English-speaking countries but are not related to each other; ASL however is related to French Sign Language.
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