Stanley Rother

Stanley Francis Rother (March 27, 1935 – July 28, 1981) was an American Roman Catholic priest from Oklahoma who was murdered in Guatemala. Ordained as a priest for the Archdiocese of Oklahoma City in 1963, he held several parish assignments there until 1968 when he was assigned as a missionary priest to Guatemala where he was murdered in 1981 in his Guatemalan mission rectory.

Blessed

Stanley Rother
ChurchRoman Catholic Church
Orders
OrdinationMay 25, 1963
by Victor Reed
RankPriest
Personal details
Birth nameStanley Francis Rother
Born(1935-03-27)March 27, 1935
Okarche, Oklahoma, United States
DiedJuly 28, 1981(1981-07-28) (aged 46)
Santiago Atitlán, Sololá, Guatemala
Buried
  • Resurrection Memorial Cemetery, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
  • Heart preserved in Santiago Atitlan
NationalityAmerican
DenominationRoman Catholic
ParentsFranz & Gertrude Rother
Alma materMount Saint Mary's University
Sainthood
Feast dayJuly 28
Venerated inRoman Catholic Church
Title as SaintBlessed
BeatifiedSeptember 23, 2017
Cox Convention Center, Oklahoma City, United States
by Cardinal Angelo Amato, S.D.B.

On December 1, 2016, Pope Francis issued a decree confirming that Rother had been killed "in odium fidei" (in hatred of the faith) which would allow him to be beatified. Rother was beatified on September 23, 2017, during a Mass at the Cox Convention Center in Oklahoma City.[1][2][3] He is the first US-born priest and martyr to be beatified by the Catholic Church and the second person to be beatified on US soil following the 2014 beatification of New Jersey-born nun Miriam Teresa Demjanovich.[4]

Life

Education and priesthood
Memorial plaque in Santiago Atitlán

Stanley Francis Rother was born on March 27, 1935, in Okarche, one of four children of Franz Rother and Gertrude Smith, who farmed near that Oklahoma town. He was baptized on March 29, 1935, in Okarche's Holy Trinity Church by Father Zenon Steber. He had a sister, Betty Mae, who became Sister Marita on taking her vows, and two brothers, Tom and Jim.[5]

Rother was strong and adept at farm tasks. After completing high school at Holy Trinity School, he decided to become a priest. He studied at Saint John Seminary and then Assumption Seminary in San Antonio in Texas.[6] He served as a sacristan, groundskeeper, bookbinder, plumber, and gardener. After almost six years the seminary staff advised him to withdraw.[5]

Following consultation with his local bishop Victor Reed Rother attended Mount Saint Mary's Seminary in Emmitsburg, Maryland from which he graduated in 1963. Bishop Reed ordained him to the priesthood on May 25, 1963. Rother served as an associate pastor in various parishes around Oklahoma: Saint William in Durant, Saint Francis Xavier and the Holy Family Cathedral in Tulsa, and Corpus Christi in Oklahoma City. In 1968 – at his own request – he was assigned to the mission of the archdiocese to the Tz'utujil people (also spelled Tz'utuhil) located in Santiago Atitlán in the rural highlands of southwest Guatemala. It was while he was at Corpus Christi that he had learned a priest was needed in Guatemala, and so applied and was accepted by Reed in 1968.

Guatemalan pastor

So that Rother could be in closer touch with his congregation, he set out to work to learn Spanish and the Tz’utujil language which was an unwritten and indigenous language that the missionary Ramón Carlín once recorded. He served in Santiago Atitlán from 1968 until his death. He supported a radio station located on the mission property which transmitted daily lessons in both language and mathematics. In 1973 he noted with pride in a letter: "I am now preaching in Tz'utuhil."[6] During that time, in addition to his pastoral duties he translated the New Testament into Tz'utujil and began the regular celebration of the Mass in Tz'utujil. In the late 1960s Rother founded in Panabaj a small hospital, dubbed as the "Hospitalito"; Father Carlín served as a collaborator in this project.[7]

By 1975, Rother had become the de facto leader of the Oklahoma-sponsored mission effort in Guatemala as other religious and lay supporters rotated out of the program.[8] He was a highly recognizable figure in the community, owing to his light complexion as well as his habit of smoking tobacco in a pipe.[5][6] Since there was not a Tz'utujil name equivalent to "Stanley," the people of Rother's mission affectionately called him "Padre Apla's," translated as "Father Francis," a nod to his middle name.[5]

Final months and murder

Within the last year of his life Rother saw the radio station smashed and its director murdered. His catechists and parishioners would disappear and later be found dead, with their bodies showing signs of having been beaten and tortured. Rother knew all this when he returned to Guatemala in May 1981. In December 1980 he had addressed a letter to the faithful in Oklahoma and wrote about the violent situation: "This is one of the reasons I have for staying in the face of physical harm. The shepherd cannot run at the first sign of danger."[5]

At the beginning of 1981 Rother was warned that his name was on a death list of the right-wing death squads (he was number eight on the list) and that he should leave Guatemala at once to remain alive.[9] Rother was reluctant but he nonetheless returned to Oklahoma in January and while home in Okarche, celebrated a mass served by Daniel Henry Mueggenborg, a college student who became inspired by Rother to pursue the priesthood,[10] though he later asked the archbishop for permission to return. Another reason for returning was that he wanted to celebrate Easter with them.[5] Rother went back to Santiago Atitlán in April and knew that he was being watched.[6][9]

On the morning of July 28, 1981, just after midnight, gunmen broke into the rectory of Rother's church and shot him twice in the head after a brief struggle. The killers forced the teenager Francisco Bocel (who was in the church at the time) to lead them to Rother's bedroom. The men threatened to kill Bocel if he did not show them Rother and so Bocel led them downstairs and knocked on a door near the staircase.[6] Rother opened the door and a struggle ensued as Bocel escaped.[6]

Rother was one of 10 priests murdered in Guatemala that year. His remains were flown back to Oklahoma and were buried in his hometown on August 3, 1981, in Holy Trinity Cemetery. At the request of his former Tz'utujil parishioners, his heart was removed and buried under the altar of the church where he had served.[6]

Three men were arrested on charges of murder within weeks of Rother's murder; another man and woman were sought for questioning at that stage as well. The three men arrested admitted to having entered the church in a robbery attempt, and also admitted to having shot Rother dead when the priest attempted to stop them.[11][12] Despite the confessions, many people familiar with the circumstances of the murder considered the three accused persons as innocent, and the prosecutions to be a cover-up of paramilitary involvement in the murder.[8][11] Convictions for all three men were later overturned by a Guatemalan appellate court, under pressure from U.S. authorities.[8] No other suspects have been prosecuted for the murder.

Beatification

The beatification process was set to open in the Archdiocese of Oklahoma City but the cause had to first be transferred to the archdiocese from Guatemala because a cause opens in the diocese where the individual died; the forum transfer was granted from the Sololá-Chimaltenango diocese to Oklahoma on September 3, 2007. The diocesan process of investigation opened on October 5, 2007, and closed on July 20, 2010.[13] The formal start to the cause came under Pope Benedict XVI on November 25, 2009, when Rother became titled as a Servant of God. The diocesan process received validation from the Congregation for the Causes of Saints on March 16, 2012, in Rome and later received the Positio dossier from the cause's officials in 2014. The theologians approved the cause in a unanimous decision on June 23, 2015,[14] as did the cardinal and bishop members of the CCS on October 18, 2016.

On December 1, 2016, his beatification received approval from Pope Francis after the pope confirmed that Rother had been killed "in odium fidei" (in hatred of the faith). On March 13, 2017, the date for his beatification was announced on the archdiocesan website. Rother was beatified on September 23, 2017, at the Cox Convention Center, with Cardinal Angelo Amato presiding over the beatification — as the Prefect of the Congregation of the Causes of the Saints on the pope's behalf at a Mass attended by 20,000 people.[1][2][4] Among the bishops who assisted Amato were the Most Rev. Paul S. Coakley, Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Oklahoma City and Oklahoma City Archbishop Emeritus Eusebius J. Beltran, who began Rother’s cause for canonization in 2007.[1]

The postulator for the cause was Dr. Andrea Ambrosi.

A mission church has been named after him in Decatur, Arkansas, in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Little Rock; it is the first Catholic church anywhere in the world to be named after him.[15]

In 2017 the Oklahoma City Archdiocese announced planning for the Venerable Servant of God Father Stanley Rother Shrine, new Church, and ministry complex to be built on property owned by the Archdiocese at I-35 and 89th Street in South Oklahoma City (the site of the former Brookside Golf Course).

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References
  1. Hinton, Carla (September 23, 2017). "Rother ceremony draws estimated crowd of 20,000 faithful". The Oklahoman. Retrieved October 10, 2017.
  2. "Faithful martyr and missionary Father Stanley Rother beatified in Oklahoma". Catholic News Agency. EWTN. September 23, 2017. Retrieved October 10, 2017.
  3. "Blessed Stanley Francis Rother". CatholicSaints.Info. March 16, 2017. Retrieved April 23, 2017.
  4. Ross Jr., Bobby (September 23, 2017). "First beatification Mass for US-born priest and martyr draws thousands". Religion News Service. Retrieved October 10, 2017.
  5. Beecroft, Mason (December 16, 2014). "Making the Case for Martyrdom". This Land. This Land Press. Retrieved April 23, 2017.
  6. Jackson, Ron (April 11, 2010). "Slain Okarche priest left his heart in parish". The Oklahoman. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  7. "Hospitalito Atitlan". VAOPS. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  8. Rosengren, John (July 2006). "Father Stan Rother: American Martyr in Guatemala". St. Anthony Messenger. Franciscan Media. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
  9. "Guatemala: Requiem for a Missionary". Time. August 10, 1981. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  10. Mueggenborg, Daniel. "Rev. Msgr. Daniel H. Mueggenborg: Brief Biographical Sketch" (PDF). Christ the King Catholic Church. Retrieved December 26, 2018.
  11. "Guatemala: Case Not Closed". Time. August 24, 1981. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  12. Associated Press (August 5, 1981). "Around the World; 3 Seized in Guatemala in Slaying of U.S. Priest". The New York Times. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  13. "Sainthood proposed for slain priest". Chicago Tribune. Tribune Publishing. September 28, 2007. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  14. Gallagher, Tom (July 13, 2015). "Vatican panel calls Fr. Stanley Rother a martyr". National Catholic Reporter. Retrieved April 23, 2017.
  15. "Arkansas Catholic mission first in world to be named after Blessed Rother". Catholic News Service. September 29, 2017. Retrieved October 10, 2017.
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