Pope Boniface IV

Pope Boniface IV (Latin: Bonifatius IV; died 8 May 615[lower-alpha 1]) was the bishop of Rome from 608 to his death. Boniface had served as a deacon under Pope Gregory I, and like his mentor, he ran the Lateran Palace as a monastery. As pope, he encouraged monasticism. With imperial permission, he converted the Pantheon into a church. In 610, he conferred with Bishop Mellitus of London regarding the needs of the English Church. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church with a universal feast day on 8 May.

Pope Saint

Boniface IV
Papacy began25 September 608
Papacy ended8 May 615
PredecessorBoniface III
SuccessorAdeodatus I
Personal details
BornValeria, Byzantine Empire
Died(615-05-08)8 May 615 (aged 65)
Rome, Byzantine Empire
Sainthood
Feast day8 May
Venerated inCatholic Church
Canonizedby Boniface VIII[1]
AttributesPapal vestments
Other popes named Boniface

Family and early career

Boniface was born in what is now the Province of L'Aquila. His father was a physician named John. His family was of Marsi origins according to the Liber Pontificalis.[5] During the pontificate of Gregory the Great, Boniface was a deacon of the Roman Church and held the position of dispensator, that is, the first official in connection with the administration of the patrimonies.[4]

Pontificate

Boniface IV was elected to succeed Boniface III but a vacancy of over nine months ensued, awaiting imperial confirmation from Constantinople. He was consecrated on either 25 August, according to Duchesne, or 15 September, according to Jaffé, in 608.[4]

Boniface obtained leave from Emperor Phocas to convert the Pantheon in Rome into a Christian church, and on 13 May 609,[6] the temple erected by Agrippa to Jupiter the Avenger, Venus, and Mars was consecrated by the pope to the Virgin Mary and all the Martyrs. It was the first instance in Rome of the transformation of a pagan temple into a place of Christian worship. Twenty-eight cartloads of sacred bones were said to have been removed from the Catacombs and placed in a porphyry basin beneath the high altar.[4]

In 610, Mellitus, the first bishop of London, went to Rome "to consult the pope on important matters relative to the newly established English Church". While in Rome, he assisted at a synod then being held concerning certain questions on "the life and monastic peace of monks", and, on his departure, took to England the decree of the council together with letters from the pope to Archbishop Laurence of Canterbury and to all the clergy, to King Æthelberht of Kent, and to all the Anglo-Saxons.[2] The decrees of the council now extant are spurious. The letter to Æthelberht [7] is considered spurious by Hefele,[8] questionable by Haddan and Stubbs,[9] and genuine by Jaffé.[10]

Between 612 and 615, the Irish missionary Columbanus, then living at Bobbio in Italy, was persuaded by King Agilulf of Lombardy to address a letter on the condemnation of the "Three Chapters" to Boniface IV. He told the pope that he was suspected of heresy for accepting the Fifth Ecumenical Council and exhorted him to summon a council and prove his orthodoxy.[4] There is no record of a rejoinder from Boniface.

Death

Inspired by Gregory the Great, Boniface IV converted his house into a monastery, where he retired and died on 8 May. He was succeeded by Adeodatus I, who reversed his policy favouring monasticism. Boniface IV was buried in the portico of St. Peter's Basilica. His remains were three times removed — in the tenth or eleventh century, at the close of the thirteenth under Boniface VIII, and to the new St. Peter's on 21 October 1603.[4] Boniface IV is commemorated as a saint in the Roman Martyrology on his feast day, 8 May.[2]

Notes
  1. Most sources give 8 May as the date of his death;[2][3] but Jaffé 1881 gives 25 May.[4]
gollark: What an exciting session of HBMud.
gollark: ```< ======================= hbmud=======================welcome to hbmud (< 0 users)what is your name?> bee> look< there is a wall next to you.there is a sandbag herethere is also a sign here.there is also a poster posted on the wallto the north is a room< present in this room are: bee> f< what?> look< there is a wall next to you.there is a sandbag herethere is also a sign here.there is also a poster posted on the wallto the north is a room< present in this room are: bee> north> look< you feel that this room is bee.there is a sign herethere is another sandbag here. you feel like you could attack itto the south is a room< present in this room are: bee< also, a(n)< bee< also, a(n)< sandbagalso, a(n) death> kill death< you are attacked by the< deathyou attack the death dealing 3 damageyou are dead. goodbye```
gollark: The Go program is no longer invoking the bee gods much.
gollark: Okay, I fixed that, great.
gollark: The very bee go.

References

Citations
  1. "Bonifacio (?-615)". Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 28 April 2015.
  2. "St Boniface IV", Oxford Reference
  3. Bertolini, Paolo (2000). "BONIFACIO IV, santo". Enciclopedia dei Papi (in Italian).
  4.  Oestereich, Thomas (1907). "Pope St. Boniface IV". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  5. Andrew J. Ekonomou. Byzantine Rome and the Greek Popes. Lexington books, 2007
  6. MacDonald, William L. (1976). The Pantheon: Design, Meaning, and Progeny. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-01019-1
  7. Oestreich 1907 cites:William of Malmesbury & De Gest. Pont., I, 1465
  8. Oestreich 1907 cites: Hefele 1869, III, p. 66.
  9. Oestreich 1907 cites: Mansi, Councils, III, 65.
  10. Oestreich 1907 cites: Jaffé 1881, 1988 (1548).

Sources

Attribution:

Catholic Church titles
Preceded by
Boniface III		 Pope
608–615		 Succeeded by
Adeodatus I
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.