Sphenacodontoidea

Sphenacodontoidea is a node-based clade that is defined to include the most recent common ancestor of the Sphenacodontidae and the Therapsida and their descendants (including mammals). They are defined according to a number of specialised characteristics concerning proportions of the bones of the skull and the teeth.

Sphenacodontoids
Temporal range: Late Carboniferous-Recent, 300–0 Ma
Examples of Sphenacodontoidea: Inostrancevia, Dimetrodon and Adelobasileus.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Eupelycosauria
Clade: Haptodontiformes
Clade: Sphenacomorpha
Clade: Sphenacodontia
Clade: Sphenacodontoidea
Clades

The Sphenacodontoidea evolved from earlier Sphenacodontia such as Haptodus via a number of transitional stages of small, unspecialised pelycosaurs.

Classification

The following taxonomy follows Fröbisch et al. (2011) and Benson (2012) unless otherwise noted.[1][2]

Class Synapsida

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See also

References
  1. Jörg Fröbisch, Rainer R. Schoch, Johannes Müller, Thomas Schindler and Dieter Schweiss (2011). "A new basal sphenacodontid synapsid from the Late Carboniferous of the Saar-Nahe Basin, Germany" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 56 (1): 113–120. doi:10.4202/app.2010.0039.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  2. Benson, R.J. (2012). "Interrelationships of basal synapsids: cranial and postcranial morphological partitions suggest different topologies". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. in press (4): 601–624. doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.631042.
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