Small nucleolar RNA SNORD93

Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD93 (also known as HBII-336) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD93
Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of SNORD93
Identifiers
SymbolSNORD93
RfamRF00606
Other data
RNA typeGene; snRNA; snoRNA; C/D-box
Domain(s)Eukaryota
GO0006396 0005730
SO0000593
PDB structuresPDBe

SNORD93 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.[1] This snoRNA is the human orthologue of mouse snoRNA MBII-336.[2] SNORD93 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue A576.[3] Additionally, SNORD93 can be processed into a smaller, microRNA-like fragment (termed snoRNA-derived RNA(sdRNA)) that contributes to the malignant phenotype of breast cancer.[4] The processed piece (sdRNA-93) has been shown to target Pipox, a sarcosine metabolism-related protein whose expression significantly correlates with distinct molecular subtypes of breast cancer.

References
  1. Galardi S, Fatica A, Bachi A, Scaloni A, Presutti C, Bozzoni I (October 2002). "Purified box C/D snoRNPs are able to reproduce site-specific 2'-O-methylation of target RNA in vitro". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (19): 6663–8. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.19.6663-6668.2002. PMC 134041. PMID 12215523.
  2. Hüttenhofer A, Kiefmann M, Meier-Ewert S, O'Brien J, Lehrach H, Bachellerie JP, Brosius J (June 2001). "RNomics: an experimental approach that identifies 201 candidates for novel, small, non-messenger RNAs in mouse". The EMBO Journal. 20 (11): 2943–53. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.11.2943. PMC 125495. PMID 11387227.
  3. Lestrade L, Weber MJ (January 2006). "snoRNA-LBME-db, a comprehensive database of human H/ACA and C/D box snoRNAs". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (Database issue): D158-62. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.105.7552. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj002. PMC 1347365. PMID 16381836.
  4. Patterson DG, Roberts JT, King VM, Houserova D, Barnhill EC, Crucello A, Polska CJ, Brantley LW, Kaufman GC, Nguyen M, Santana MW, Schiller IA, Spicciani JS, Zapata AK, Miller MM, Sherman TD, Ma R, Zhao H, Arora R, Coley AB, Zeidan MM, Tan M, Xi Y, Borchert GM (2017). "Human snoRNA-93 is processed into a microRNA-like RNA that promotes breast cancer cell invasion". NPJ Breast Cancer. 3: 25. doi:10.1038/s41523-017-0032-8. PMC 5503938. PMID 28702505.
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