Small nucleolar RNA SNORD15

SNORD15 (also known as U15) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

Small nucleolar RNA SNORD15
Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of SNORD15
Identifiers
SymbolSNORD15
Alt. SymbolsU15
RfamRF00067
Other data
RNA typeGene; snRNA; snoRNA; CD-box
Domain(s)Eukaryota
GO0005730 0006396
SO0000593
PDB structuresPDBe

U15 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.[1] U15 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue A3764.[2][3]

In humans there are two closely related copies of the U15 snoRNA (called SNORD15A and SNORD15B). They are both encoded in the introns of the ribosomal protein S3.[4] In Xenopus laevis it is located within the introns of ribosomal protein S1 [5]

snoR75 from Arabidopsis thaliana[6] and homologues in rice Oryza sativa and other plants are alternatively known as U15, and, despite a significantly shorter sequence length, appear to be related.[7]

References
  1. Galardi, S.; Fatica, A.; Bachi, A.; Scaloni, A.; Presutti, C.; Bozzoni, I. (October 2002). "Purified Box C/D snoRNPs Are Able to Reproduce Site-Specific 2'-O-Methylation of Target RNA in Vitro". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (19): 6663–6668. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.19.6663-6668.2002. PMC 134041. PMID 12215523.
  2. Kiss-László Z, Henry Y, Bachellerie JP, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Kiss T (1996). "Site-specific ribose methylation of preribosomal RNA: a novel function for small nucleolar RNAs". Cell. 85 (7): 1077–88. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81308-2. PMID 8674114.
  3. Lestrade, Laurent; Weber, Michel J. (2006). "snoRNA-LBME-db, a comprehensive database of human H/ACA and C/D box snoRNAs". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (Supplement 1: Database Issue): D158–D162. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.105.7552. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj002. PMC 1347365. PMID 16381836.
  4. Tycowski KT, Shu MD, Steitz JA (1993). "A small nucleolar RNA is processed from an intron of the human gene encoding ribosomal protein S3". Genes Dev. 7 (7A): 1176–90. doi:10.1101/gad.7.7a.1176. PMID 8319909.
  5. Pellizzoni L, Crosio C, Campioni N, Loreni F, Pierandrei-Amaldi P (1994). "Different forms of U15 snoRNA are encoded in the introns of the ribosomal protein S1 gene of Xenopus laevis". Nucleic Acids Res. 22 (22): 4607–13. doi:10.1093/nar/22.22.4607. PMC 308507. PMID 7984408.
  6. Barneche F, Gaspin C, Guyot R, Echeverría M (2001). "Identification of 66 box C/D snoRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana: extensive gene duplications generated multiple isoforms predicting new ribosomal RNA 2'-O-methylation sites". J. Mol. Biol. 311 (1): 57–73. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.4851. PMID 11469857.
  7. Brown JW, Echeverria M, Qu LH, et al. (2003). "Plant snoRNA database". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (1): 432–5. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg009. PMC 165456. PMID 12520043.


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