Sisteron

Sisteron (Occitan: Sisteron in classical norm or Sisteroun in Mistralian norm) is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

Sisteron
Commune
Sisteron in 2004
Coat of arms
Location of Sisteron
Sisteron
Sisteron
Coordinates: 44°11′28″N 5°56′50″E
CountryFrance
RegionProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
DepartmentAlpes-de-Haute-Provence
ArrondissementForcalquier
CantonSisteron
Government
 • Mayor (2014–2020) Daniel Spagnou
Area
1
50.25 km2 (19.40 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
7,460
 • Density150/km2 (380/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
04209 /04200
Elevation448–1,145 m (1,470–3,757 ft)
(avg. 485 m or 1,591 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Sisteron is situated on the banks of the River Durance just after the confluence of the rivers Buëch and Sasse. It is sometimes called the "Gateway to Provence" because it is in a narrow gap between two long mountain ridges.

It is 135 km (84 mi) from Marseille, also 135 km (84 mi) from Grenoble, 180 km (110 mi) from Nice and 40 km (25 mi) from Forcalquier.

There are 1,573 hectares (3,890 acres) of forest and wood within the commune.[2]

History

Sisteron has been inhabited for 4000 years. The Romans used the route through Sisteron as can be shown by a Latin inscription in the rocks near the road to Authon. It escaped the barbarian invasions after the fall of Rome, but was ravaged by the Saracens. It was first fortified by the Counts of Forcalquier in the 11th century and later was the northern boundary of the domain of the Counts of Provence. In 1483 during the reign of Louis XI, Sisteron re-joined the kingdom of France. Around this time there were seven plagues that killed two thirds of the population. Between 1562 and 1594 the town and its citadelle was fought over by Protestants and Catholics including two sieges. During this time the walls of the town were built. The plague returned in 1630, and typhus in 1744, killing many of the town's population.

During the French Revolution the town remained Royalist. Consequently, when Napoleon arrived on his march north after his escape from Elba in 1815, the town ignored him and let him through.

On 15 August 1944 French B-26 Marauder bombers and American B-17 Flying Fortresses of the 42nd Bomber Wing tried to destroy the railway bridge and the road bridge which span the Durance. The weather was unfavorable and the bridges were not destroyed. A bomber during a manoeuvre to avoid a collision accidentally dropped several bombs on the town, including a full church, causing about 100 fatalities and seriously damaging the citadel. On 17 August the French aircraft returned and destroyed the bridges.

Rocher de la Baume
Sisteron from the air

Sights

The town's buildings include the citadel and the 12th century former Sisteron Cathedral dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Thyrsus (Cathédrale Notre Dame des Pommiers et Saint Thyrse). There are three museums of note: the Citadel Museum, the Baden-Powell Scout Museum and Musée Terre & Temps (about the earth and the measurement of time)

Tourist attractions include the countryside, the lido and the airfields at Vaumeilh, La Motte-du-Caire and Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban, which are dedicated to the sport of gliding. There is an annual festival with many events throughout the summer months. There is a market every Wednesday. A long distance walk, the GR 6 (Grande Randonnée) passes east–west through Sisteron.

Transport

Sisteron is served by the A51 autoroute, which now by-passes the town, eliminating it as a notorious 'bottle-neck' for traffic. There is also a railway station on the line from Marseille to Briançon and Grenoble.

Personalities born in Sisteron

International relations

Sisteron is twinned with:

Population
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1793 4,000—    
1800 3,891−2.7%
1806 3,642−6.4%
1821 4,125+13.3%
1831 4,429+7.4%
1836 4,546+2.6%
1841 3,844−15.4%
1846 4,392+14.3%
1851 4,576+4.2%
1856 4,509−1.5%
1861 4,338−3.8%
1866 4,210−3.0%
1872 4,575+8.7%
1876 4,280−6.4%
1881 3,974−7.1%
1886 3,864−2.8%
1891 3,996+3.4%
1896 3,905−2.3%
1901 3,874−0.8%
1906 3,702−4.4%
1911 3,575−3.4%
1921 3,341−6.5%
1926 3,354+0.4%
1931 3,302−1.6%
1936 3,378+2.3%
1946 3,432+1.6%
1954 4,070+18.6%
1962 5,325+30.8%
1968 6,289+18.1%
1975 7,243+15.2%
1982 6,470−10.7%
1990 6,594+1.9%
1999 6,964+5.6%
2006 7,251+4.1%
2009 7,427+2.4%

The town was featured in the 2014 racing game Forza Horizon 2.

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See also

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Roger Brunet, « Canton de Sisteron », Le Trésor des régions, read 9 June 2013.
  3. Faul, Michel (2006). Louis Jullien, musique, spectacle et folie au XIXe siècle. Atlantica. ISBN 2-35165-038-7.
  4. Louis Antoine Julien
  5. Daniel Spagnou's website Accessed 22 July 2011

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Digne". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

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