Sadaharu Oh

Sadaharu Oh (Japanese: 王貞治, Ō Sadaharu; born May 20, 1940), also known as Wang Chen-chih (Chinese: 王貞治; pinyin: Wáng Zhēnzhì), is a retired Chinese baseball player and manager[1] in Japan. Oh holds the world lifetime home run record,[2] having hit 868 home runs during his professional career. He established many NPB batting records, including runs batted in (RBIs) (2,170), slugging percentage (.634), bases on balls (2,390), and on-base plus slugging percentage (OPS) (1.080). In 1977, Oh became the first recipient of the People's Honour Award. He was inducted into the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 1994.

This is a Sino-Japanese name. The family name is 王 (Oh/Wang).

Sadaharu Oh
First baseman
Born: (1940-05-20) May 20, 1940 Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
Batted: Left Threw: Left
NPB debut
April 11, 1959, for the Yomiuri Giants
Last appearance
October 12, 1980, for the Yomiuri Giants
NPB statistics
Batting average	.301
Hits	2,786
Home runs	868
Runs batted in	2,170
Stolen bases	84
Teams
As Player Yomiuri Giants (1959–1980) As Manager Yomiuri Giants (1981–1988) Fukuoka Daiei Hawks • Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks (1995–2008)
Career highlights and awards
11× Japan Series Champion (as a player) (1961, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973) 9× Central League MVP (1964, 1965, 1967, 1969, 1970, 1973, 1974, 1976, 1977) 2x Japanese Triple Crown (1973, 1974) 3x Japan Professional Sports Grand Prize (1974, 1976, 1977) Hit for the cycle on April 25, 1963 Yomiuri Giants #1 retired NPB/World records 868 Career Home runs (World record) 1.079 Career OPS (Japanese record) 2,170 Career Runs batted in (Japanese record)
Member of the Japanese
Baseball Hall of Fame
Induction	1994

Wang Chen-chih Sadaharu Ō
Hand print of Sadaharu Oh
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	王貞治
Simplified Chinese	王贞治
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Wáng Zhēnzhì Bopomofo ㄨㄤˊ ㄓㄣㄓˋ Gwoyeu Romatzyh Wang Jenjyh Tongyong Pinyin Wang^2 Chên^1-chih^4 Southern Min Hokkien POJ Ông Cheng-tī
Japanese name
Kanji	王 貞治
Kana	おう さだはる
Transcriptions Romanization Ō Sadaharu

Oh batted and threw left-handed and primarily played first base. Originally signed with the powerhouse Yomiuri Giants in 1959 as a pitcher, Oh was soon converted to a full-time hitter. Under the tutelage of coach Hiroshi Arakawa, Oh developed his distinctive "flamingo" leg kick. It took Oh three years to blossom, but he went on to dominate the baseball league in Japan. He was a 15-time home run champion and was named to the All-Star team 18 times. More than just a power hitter, Oh was a five-time batting champion and won the Japanese Central League's batting triple crown twice. With Oh at first base, the Yomiuri Giants won 11 Japan Series championships. Oh was named the Central League's Most Valuable Player nine times. In addition to the world career home run record, he held Japan's single-season home run record with 55, until Wladimir Balentien broke the record in 2013.

Oh played his entire professional career with the Giants and was their manager from 1984 to 1988. He also managed the Fukuoka Daiei/Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks from 1995 to 2008. He was the manager of the Japanese national team in the inaugural World Baseball Classic. The Japanese team defeated the Cuban national team for the championship. He is currently the chairman of the Hawks.

Early life

Oh was born in Sumida, Tokyo, the son of a Japanese mother and a Chinese father from Zhejiang.[3] Although born in Japan, Oh holds the citizenship of the Republic of China, as his father had left China when the ROC governed the mainland and chose to remain a Chinese citizen.

Playing career

Prep career

Oh managed to make the High School Team. In 1957, Waseda Jitsugyo High School made it to the Spring Koshien Tournament with the second-year Oh as its ace pitcher. Before the tournament started, Oh suffered serious blisters on two fingers of his pitching hand. Oh pitched the entire first game at Koshien and won. The next day, Oh pitched another complete game and earned the victory, but the blisters worsened. Oh faced the prospect of pitching two more games—on back-to-back days—for the championship with injuries. Oh pitched and won another complete game, enduring the pain.

Oh was able to just make it through his fourth complete game in four days, squeaking out a one-run victory. Oh won the championship, though was not allowed to play in the Kokutai due to home being Chinese.[4]

Professional career

In 1959, he signed his first professional contract as a pitcher for the Yomiuri Giants. However, Oh was not a strong enough pitcher to succeed professionally and soon switched to first base, working diligently with coach Hiroshi Arakawa to improve his hitting skills. This led the development of Oh's distinctive "flamingo" leg kick. His batting average jumped from .161 in his rookie season to .270 in 1960, and his home runs more than doubled. His performance dipped slightly in both statistical categories in 1961, but Oh truly blossomed in 1962, when he hit 38 home runs.

In 1964, Oh hit 55 home runs, a single-season record he owned for 38 years until it was tied by Alex Cabrera in 2002. Oh surpassed 50 home runs in a season two other times, in 1973 and 1977.

Oh became friends with Hank Aaron, his contemporary in Major League Baseball. The two squared off in a home run derby before an exhibition game at Korakuen Stadium on 2 November 1974, after Aaron eclipsed Babe Ruth's home run record. By that time, Oh was running away with the Japanese home run record, having become the first Japanese baseball player to hit 600 career home runs that year. Aaron won, 10-9.[5]

His hitting exploits benefited from the fact that for most of his career he batted third in the Giants' lineup, with another very dangerous hitter, Shigeo Nagashima, batting fourth; the two players forming the feared "O-N Cannon". In his autobiography, Sadaharu Oh: A Zen Way Of Baseball (ISBN 978-0812911091), Oh said he and Nagashima were not close, rarely spending time together off the field.

Sadaharu Oh retired in 1980 at age 40, having amassed 2,786 hits (third after Isao Harimoto (Jang Hoon) and Katsuya Nomura), 2,170 RBIs, a lifetime batting average of .301, and 868 home runs.

Managing career

Sadaharu Oh was the assistant manager of the Yomiuri Giants between 1981 and 1983. He became the manager of the Yomiuri Giants between 1984 and 1988. He led the Giants to one Central League pennant in 1987.

In 1995, he returned to baseball as the manager of the Fukuoka Daiei Hawks (later the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks). Oh led the Hawks to three Pacific League pennants in 1999, 2000 and 2003, and two Japan Series titles in 1999 and 2003.

In 2006, Oh managed the Japan national baseball team, winning the championship in the inaugural 2006 World Baseball Classic over Cuba.

On July 5, Oh announced that he was taking an indefinite leave of absence from the Hawks to combat a stomach tumor.[6] On July 17, 2006, Oh underwent laparoscopic surgery to remove his stomach and its surrounding lymph nodes. The surgery was considered to be a success.[7] Although the tumor was confirmed to be cancerous, it was caught in early stages. He returned to coaching the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks, although he announced he would retire at the end of the 2008 season as manager (but remain as Hawks' GM). He retired as a manager in 2008.

Home run record controversy

On three occasions, foreign-born players challenged Oh's single-season home run record of 55 and faced Oh-managed teams late in the season. On each occasion, Oh's pitchers refused to throw strikes to them.[8][9]

In 1985, American Randy Bass, playing for the Hanshin Tigers, came into the last game of the season against the Oh-managed Giants with 54 home runs. Bass was intentionally walked four times on four straight pitches each time. Bass reached over the plate on the fifth occasion and batted the ball into the outfield for a single. After the game, Oh denied ordering his pitchers to walk Bass, but Keith Comstock, an American pitcher for the Giants, later stated that an unnamed Giants coach had threatened a fine of $1,000 for every strike that any Giants pitcher threw to Bass. The magazine Takarajima investigated the incident and reported that the Giants front office had likely ordered the team not to allow Bass an opportunity to tie or break Oh's record. For the most part, the Japanese media remained silent on the incident, as did league commissioner Takeso Shimoda.[8]

In 2001, American Karl "Tuffy" Rhodes, playing for the Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes, hit 55 home runs with several games left. The Buffaloes played the Oh-managed Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks on a late weekend series in Fukuoka. Rhodes was intentionally walked during each at-bat. Hawks catcher Kenji Johjima could be seen grinning as he caught the intentional balls. Again, Oh denied any involvement and Hawks pitching coach Yoshiharu Wakana stated that the pitchers acted on his orders, saying, "I just didn't want a foreign player to break Oh's record." Rhodes completed the season with 55 home runs. Hawks pitcher Keisaburo Tanoue went on record saying that he wanted to throw strikes to Rhodes and felt bad about the situation.[8][10]

In 2002, Venezuelan Alex Cabrera hit 55 home runs with five games left in the season and his team played Oh's Hawks. Oh told his pitchers to throw strikes to Cabrera, but most of them ignored his order and threw balls well away from the plate. After the game, Oh stated, "If you're going to break the record, you should do it by more than one. Do it by a lot."[8] In the wake of the most recent incident involving Cabrera, ESPN listed Oh's single-season home run record as #2 on its list of "The Phoniest Records in Sports".[9][11]

Wladimir Balentien, a Curaçaoan born player, broke Oh's home run record on September 15, 2013, by hitting his 56th and 57th home runs of the season in a game against the Hanshin Tigers.[12]

Personal life

Oh was married to Kyoko Oh (王恭子, Ō Kyōko), and had three daughters with her. Kyoko died of stomach cancer in December 2001 at age 57, the same illness he had in 2006.[13] Their second daughter, Rie (born in 1970), is a sportscaster and presenter on the J-Wave radio network.

In popular culture

• Oh is mentioned in the Beastie Boys song "Hey Ladies": "I got more hits than Sadaharu Oh."
• Oh is Mentioned in A Different World season 2 episode 20, "No means No".
• A character in the manga series Kinnikuman is named after Sadaharu Oh.
• Oh is mentioned in the manga series Hajime no Ippo.

Miscellaneous

• In 1988, Oh and Hank Aaron created the World Children's Baseball Fair (WCBF), to increase the popularity of baseball by working with youngsters.[14]
• On December 4, 2007, Oh said in Chiyoda, Tokyo that it is just a matter of time before his career record of 868 home runs will be broken: "I think the 868 record will be broken. There's nobody near that mark in Japan, but I think Alex Rodriguez can do it", he added. "He has the ability to hit 1,000."[15]
• In 2002 and 2005, he was named by President Chen Shui-bian of Taiwan as Ambassador-at-Large of the Republic of China.
• President Ma Ying-Jeou honored Sadaharu Oh with the "Order of Brilliant Star" on February 5, 2009, in Taipei. Oh called receiving the award, "The highest honor of his life." [16]
• During the 2009 World Baseball Classic, Oh attended many of the games played by Japan.

Statistics

YEAR	Team	Number	G	AB	R	H	2B	3B	HR	TB	RBI	SB	CS	SH	SF	BB	IBB	HBP	K	DP	AVG	OBP	SLG	OPS
1959	Yomiuri Giants	1	94	193	18	31	7	1	7	61	25	3	1	1	1	24	1	3	72	2	.161	.262	.316	.569
1960			130	426	49	115	19	3	17	191	71	5	4	3	1	67	5	5	101	7	.270	.375	.448	.823
1961			127	396	50	100	25	6	13	176	53	10	5	4	4	64	3	3	72	7	.253	.358	.444	.802
1962			134	497	79	135	28	2	38	281	85	6	4	3	2	72	9	12	99	6	.272	.376	.565	.941
1963			140	478	111	146	30	5	40	306	106	9	5	0	2	123	12	6	64	7	.305	.452	.640	1.092
1964			140	472	110	151	24	0	55	340	119	6	4	0	5	119	20	3	81	8	.320	.456	.720	1.176
1965			135	428	104	138	19	1	42	285	104	2	4	0	3	138	29	6	58	7	.322	.490	.666	1.156
1966			129	396	111	123	14	1	48	283	116	9	4	0	4	142	41	7	51	5	.311	.495	.715	1.210
1967			133	426	94	139	22	3	47	308	108	3	5	0	3	130	30	7	65	7	.326	.488	.723	1.211
1968			131	442	107	144	28	0	49	319	119	5	1	1	6	121	18	10	72	5	.326	.475	.722	1.197
1969			130	452	112	156	24	0	44	312	103	5	2	0	8	111	12	5	61	7	.345	.472	.690	1.162
1970			129	425	97	138	24	0	47	303	93	1	4	0	3	119	24	6	48	8	.325	.476	.713	1.189
1971			130	434	92	120	18	2	39	259	101	8	2	0	5	121	17	5	65	8	.276	.435	.597	1.032
1972			130	456	104	135	19	0	48	298	120	2	0	0	2	108	18	6	43	8	.296	.435	.654	1.089
1973			130	428	111	152	18	0	51	323	114	2	1	0	4	124	38	4	41	7	.355	.500	.755	1.255
1974			130	385	105	128	18	0	49	293	107	1	5	0	2	158	45	8	44	4	.332	.532	.761	1.293
1975			128	393	77	112	14	0	33	225	96	1	0	0	6	123	27	1	62	9	.285	.451	.573	1.024
1976			122	400	99	130	11	1	49	290	123	3	1	0	9	125	27	2	45	8	.325	.479	.725	1.204
1977			130	432	114	140	15	0	50	305	124	1	3	0	6	126	16	6	37	14	.324	.477	.706	1.183
1978			130	440	91	132	20	0	39	269	118	1	2	0	11	114	17	1	43	7	.300	.436	.611	1.048
1979			120	407	73	116	15	0	33	230	81	1	1	0	5	89	10	5	48	9	.285	.415	.565	.980
1980			129	476	59	105	10	0	30	205	84	0	1	0	8	72	8	3	47	9	.236	.342	.462	.803
Total			2831	9250	1867	2786	422	25	868	5862	2170	84	59	12	100	2390	427	114	1319	159	.301	.446	.634	1.080

References

1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Ō Sadaharu" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 758.
2. Spatz, Lyle. Historical Dictionary of Baseball (Scarecrow Press, 2012), p. 169.
3. Wu, Debby. "Baseball great has roots in ROC," Taipei Times. Sunday November 16, 2003. Page 2. Retrieved on August 3, 2009.
4. Magill, Frank Northen; Aves, Alison (November 1999). Dictionary of World Biography: The 20th century, O-Z. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-57958-048-3.
5. Sadaharu Oh [Archive] – Baseball Fever
6. The Seattle Times, "Briefs: Sadaharu Oh to have stomach surgery", July 6, 2006.
7. Associated PRess, "Japanese Baseball Great Sadaharu Oh Has Operation for Stomach Cancer", RedOrbit, July 18, 2006.
8. Whiting, Robert, "Equaling Oh's HR record proved difficult", Japan Times, October 31, 2008, p. 12.
9. Coskrey, Jason. "Bass says Balentien won’t get easy path to Oh's record," Japan Times (September 6, 2013).
10. Roah, Jeff, "Tokyo under the tracks: It's Never Too Late to Insert an Asterisk" Archived 2009-01-13 at the Wayback Machine, Tokyo Q, October 12, 2001.
11. Merron, Jeff. "The Phoniest Records in Sports," ESPN (Feb. 25, 2004).
12. Berry, Adam (September 15, 2013). "Balentien breaks Oh's Japanese home run record". MLB.com. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
13. Wallace, Bruce. "Column One: Home run king and gentleman: Japan's Sadaharu Oh reflects on his career, Barry Bonds and cancer. 'I feel lucky,’ he says," Los Angeles Times (July 4, 2007).
14. "World Children'S Baseball Fair". Wcbf.org. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
15. "Japanese baseball player expects A-Rod to surpass his home-run record". Agence France-Presse. December 4, 2007. Archived from the original on February 16, 2009.
16. http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/090206/4/1e02k.html%5B%5D

External links

• Nippon Professional Baseball career statistics from JapaneseBaseball.com
• Oh for Cooperstown? Part I by Jim Albright
• Oh for Cooperstown? Part II by Jim Albright