Simian-T-lymphotropic virus

Simian-T-lymphotropic viruses, also Simian T-cell leukemia viruses (STLVs), are retroviruses closely related to the human sexually and breastfeeding transmissible viruses HTLV. They have subtypes 1 through 4 as compared to HTLV 1 through 4, and each subtype has its own serovars.[1] Together they comprise PTLVs (primate T-lymphotropic viruses)[1] A study has shown that STLV-1 Tax and SBZ proteins have similar functions to their counterparts of HTLV-1. STLV-1 is oncogenic in Japanese macaques.[2]

Simian-T-lymphotropic virus
Scientific classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Pararnavirae
Phylum: Artverviricota
Class: Revtraviricetes
Order: Ortervirales
Family: Retroviridae
Subfamily: Orthoretrovirinae
Genus: Deltaretrovirus
Groups included
  • Simian T-lymphotropic virus 1
  • Simian T-lymphotropic virus 2
  • Simian T-lymphotropic virus 3
  • Simian T-lymphotropic virus 5
Cladistically included but traditionally excluded taxa

In particular, the HTLV-I/STLV-I history might suggest a simian migration from Asia to Africa not much earlier than 19,500–60,000 years ago.[1]

References
  1. Salemi M, Desmyter J, Vandamme AM (March 2000). "Tempo and mode of human and simian T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV/STLV) evolution revealed by analyses of full-genome sequences". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 17 (3): 374–86. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026317. PMID 10723738.
  2. Miura, Michi; Tanabe, Junko; Sugata, Kenji; Zhao, Tiejun; Ma, Guangyong; Miyazato, Paola; Yasunaga, Jun-Ichiro; Matsuoka, Masao (2014). "STLV-1-infected Japanese macaque as a model of HTLV-1 infection". Retrovirology. 11 (Suppl 1): O12. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-11-S1-O12. PMC 4042625.


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