Rashad languages

The Rashad languages form a small language family in the Nuba Hills of Sudan. They are named after Rashad District of South Kordofan.

Rashad
Tegali–Tagoi
Geographic
distribution		Nuba Hills, Sudan
Linguistic classificationNiger–Congo
  • Katla–Rashad[1]
    • Rashad
Subdivisions
Glottologrash1249[2]

Classification

Part of an erstwhile Kordofanian proposal, they are of uncertain position within the Niger–Congo family. It was at first thought that they shared the characteristic morphology of Niger–Congo, such as the noun-class system. However, only the Tagoi branch has noun classes, and Blench remarks that it appears to have been borrowed. Thus, he classifies Rashad as a divergent branch of Niger–Congo outside the Atlantic–Congo core. A similar situation holds for another Kordofanian family, Katla; these are not closely related to Rashad.

Unlike the neighbouring Talodi-Heiban languages which have SVO word order, Rashad languages (and also Lafofa) have SOV word order.[3]

Languages

The number of Rashad languages varies among descriptions, from two (Williamson & Blench 2000, reflected in the ISO codes) to seven (Blench ms, shown here).

  • Tagoi
    • Goy (Tagoi)
    • Umali (Tumale)
    • Moreb
    • Orig (Turjuk)
  • Tegali
    • Tegali (Tingal, Kajakja)
    • Gom (Rashad)
gollark: I see.
gollark: What do you mean "went rogue"?
gollark: Some models of time travel could probably allow that sort of thing.
gollark: Turing machines can't do it. Or something like that.
gollark: Religious sects bad.

See also

Further reading
  • Schadeberg, Thilo. 2013. Rashad survey data. In Roger Blench & Thilo Schadeberg (eds), Nuba Mountain Language Studies. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe. pp. 325–345.

References
  1. Gerrit Dimmendaal (in press 2019) 'Reconstructing Katloid and deconstructing Kordofanian.' In Schneider-Blum et al. (eds.) Nuba Mountain Languages Studies 3. Rüdiger Köppe, Cologne.
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Rashad". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. Güldemann, Tom (2018). "Historical linguistics and genealogical language classification in Africa". In Güldemann, Tom (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of Africa. The World of Linguistics series. 11. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 58–444. doi:10.1515/9783110421668-002. ISBN 978-3-11-042606-9.
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