Peter Altmaier

Peter Altmaier (born 18 June 1958) is a German lawyer and politician who has been serving as Federal Minister for Economic Affairs and Energy since March 2018. Previously he was Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety from May 2012 to December 2013 and Head of the German Chancellery and as Federal Minister for Special Affairs from December 2013 to March 2018. Altmaier is widely seen as one of Chancellor Angela Merkel's most trusted advisors[1][2] and advocates for her more centrist wing of the CDU.[3] He is respected for his "compromising style"[4] and has been described as "The most powerful man in Berlin".[5]

Not to be confused with Peter Altmeier.

Peter Altmaier
Minister for Economic Affairs and Energy
Assumed office
14 March 2018
ChancellorAngela Merkel
Preceded byBrigitte Zypries
Minister of Finance
In office
24 October 2017 – 14 March 2018
Acting
ChancellorAngela Merkel
Preceded byWolfgang Schäuble
Succeeded byOlaf Scholz
Head of the Chancellery
In office
17 December 2013 – 14 March 2018
ChancellorAngela Merkel
Preceded byRonald Pofalla
Succeeded byHelge Braun
Minister for Special Affairs
In office
17 December 2013 – 14 March 2018
ChancellorAngela Merkel
Preceded byRonald Pofalla
Succeeded byHelge Braun
Minister of the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety
In office
22 May 2012 – 17 December 2013
ChancellorAngela Merkel
Preceded byNorbert Röttgen
Succeeded byBarbara Hendricks
Chief Whip of the CDU/CSU Group in the Bundestag
In office
27 October 2009 – 22 May 2012
LeaderVolker Kauder
Preceded byNorbert Röttgen
Succeeded byMichael Grosse-Brömer
Parliamentary Secretary of State for the Interior
In office
3 November 2005 – 27 October 2009
MinisterWolfgang Schäuble
Preceded byUte Vogt
Succeeded byOle Schröder
Member of the Bundestag
for Saarlouis
Assumed office
27 September 2009
Preceded byOttmar Schreiner
Member of the Bundestag
for Saarland
In office
16 October 1994 – 27 September 2009
ConstituencyChristian Democratic List
Personal details
Born (1958-06-18) 18 June 1958
Ensdorf, West Germany (now Germany)
Political partyChristian Democratic Union
Alma materSaarland University

Personal life and education

Altmaier was born on 18 June 1958 in Ensdorf, Saarland. He is the son of a coal miner and a nurse.[6][7] He studied law at Saarland University.[6]

In addition to his native German, he also speaks English, Dutch and French. He is known for his intellect, which some "feel intimidated by".[5] In 2012, Altmaier stated that he has always been a single person in his life, "so there can be nothing in the archives about a relationship".[8]

Early career

Altmaier began his career as a research assistant for public and international law at Saarland University in 1995 and later at the European Institute of Saarland University. His tenure lasted until 2000.[6] He worked for the Directorate-General for Employment and Social Affairs of the European Commission from 1990 to 1994.

Political career

Altmaier has been a member of the CDU since 1976.

Member of the Bundestag, 1994–present

Altmaier has been a member of the Bundestag since the 1994 national elections. Between 1994 and 2002, he served on the Committee on Legal Affairs and the Committee on Affairs of the European Union, where he was his parliamentary group's rapporteur on matters related to the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.

When the Bundestag created a committee to examine whether then-Chancellor Gerhard Schröder and others in the governing SPD party inflated economic figures before the 2002 federal elections to hide a growing budget deficit, he was chosen by his parliamentary group to lead the inquiry.[9]

From 2006 to 2011 Altmaier was president of Europa-Union Deutschland, the German section of the Union of European Federalists.

Parliamentary State Secretary, 2005–2009

Following the 2005 federal elections, Altmaier became Parliamentary State Secretary in the Federal Ministry of the Interior under Wolfgang Schäuble. In this capacity, he publicly admitted in 2009 that Germany followed a request of the government of Saudi Arabia it to grant influential cleric Abdullah Ibn Jibreen police protection in a Berlin hospital where he was undergoing heart treatment; the decision garnered sharp criticism from the opposition parties, with the Green Party questioning why Germany hosted someone who "has called for the killing of Shiites [and] praised Osama bin Laden."[10]

In 2009, Altmaier was mentioned by international media as potential candidate for the office of European Commissioner.[11]

Chief whip, 2009–2012

Succeeding Norbert Röttgen as parliamentary secretary (chief whip) of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group in the Bundestag following the 2009 elections, Altmaier was in charge of negotiating the passage of Eurozone crisis legislation through the parliament. He served as the government's chief negotiator with the opposition Social Democrats and Greens, as well as with potential rebels from the government benches.[1]

In 2012, Altmaier also served as chairman of the Parliamentary Oversight Panel (PKGr), which provides parliamentary oversight of Germany's intelligence services BND, BfV and MAD.

Return to the Federal Government

On 22 May 2012, Altmaier replaced Norbert Röttgen as Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in the second Merkel cabinet.[12]

While in office, Altmaier coordinated the government's efforts to exit nuclear power generation by 2022 and rely on more renewable sources such as wind and solar ("Energiewende").[13] He also demanded companies to harvest metals including rare earths from recycled electronics as Germany sought to become less dependent on imports from China and other nations.[14] Together with his French counterpart Delphine Batho, he put in motion the establishment of the French-German Office for Renewable Energies (L'Office Franco-allemand pour les énergies renouvelables) in 2013.[15]

In 2012, Altmaier led the German delegation to the 2012 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Doha.[16]

In 2013, Altmaier and Economics Minister Philipp Rösler reached agreement on far-reaching regulations for the fracking industry.[17][18]

Federal Minister, 2013–present

In the negotiations to form a government following the 2013 federal elections, Altmaier led the CDU/CSU delegation in the energy working group; his co-chair from the SPD was Hannelore Kraft, Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia.[19] In Angela Merkel's third Cabinet he serves as the Head of the Federal Chancellery and a Federal Minister for Special Affairs. In this capacity, he is also in charge of co-ordinating Germany's intelligence services.[20]

In July 2015, Altmaier invited the United States Ambassador to Germany, John B. Emerson, to explain documents publicized by WikiLeaks that showed what appeared to be summaries of recorded conversations involving Chancellor Merkel or senior officials. Shortly after, WikiLeaks released additional documents including Altmaier's telephone number, adding to a growing pile of allegations that United States intelligence agencies conducted extensive surveillance of the German government.[21]

In October 2015, Merkel put Altmaier in charge of coordinating Germany's response to the refugee crisis.[22] Since early 2017, he has been a member of the German government's cabinet committee on Brexit at which ministers will discuss organizational and structural issues related to the United Kingdom's departure from the European Union.[23]

Following the 2017 elections, Altmaier became acting and temporary finance minister when Wolfgang Schäuble left office as Schäuble had agreed to become President of the Bundestag.[24]

Political positions

Domestic policy

Altmaier belongs to the more liberal wing of the CDU.[25] In the 1990s, Altmaier advocated the rehabilitation of armed-forces deserters and explicitly criminalizing rape within marriage. He was integral to the Pizza Connection, a group of moderate CDU and Green Party politicians – including Hermann Gröhe, Armin Laschet and Cem Özdemir – who met at Sassella, an Italian restaurant in Bonn.[5]

In June 2017, Altmaier voted in favor of Germany's introduction of same-sex marriage in a conscience vote, unlike the majority of the CDU/CSU (including Merkel herself).[26]

Ahead of the Christian Democrats’ leadership election in 2018, Altmaier publicly endorsed Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer to succeed Angela Merkel as the party's chair.[27]

European politics

Responding to a growing unease over Germany's role in bailing out highly indebted European states, Altmaier in 2011 demanded that states that violate the EU's Stability and Growth Pact should be subject to the European Court of Justice.[28] That same year, he advised against Germany pursuing a prompt debt haircut for Greece and warned of the consequences. According to Altmaier, the banks must be supported, in Greece and elsewhere, and the European Financial Stability Facility might have to issue guarantees for the holders of Italian and Spanish bonds, because they also fear that they will be asked to pay up.[29]

Economic policy

In his position as Minister for Economic Affairs, Altmaier has become a figurehead for efforts to strengthen the European Union's defences against the encroachment of US and Asian technology and healthcare companies. In 2019 he wrote to European Commissioner Margrethe Vestager urging the Commission to adopt a harder line on dominant online platforms such as Google and Facebook.[30] Also in 2019, he presented plans to set up a standing government committee which, as a last resort, could decide to temporarily take stakes in German companies that produce sensitive or security relevant technologies.[31] In 2020, he introduced legislation giving the government a right to veto hostile foreign takeover bids for healthcare companies, a measure designed to ensure a continuous supply of essential products during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.[32]

Other activities (selection)

Regulatory agencies

Corporate boards
  • RAG-Stiftung, Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Trustees (since 2017)[35]
  • KfW, Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Supervisory Directors (2013; since 2018)[36]

Non-profit organizations
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References
  1. Quentin Peel (16 May 2012), Merkel sacks minister after election defeat Financial Times.
  2. Euro Group Delays Meeting: Berlin Grows Impatient over Greece Spiegel Online, 15 February 2012.
  3. Emily Schultheis (5 January 2018), 8 key players in Germany’s coalition talks Politico Europe.
  4. Stefan Wagstyl (14 December 2013), Germany’s SPD backs coalition with Merkel’s CDU Financial Times.
  5. Jeremy Cliffe (12 April 2017). "Who is Peter Altmaier and why does he matter?". The Economist. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  6. "Profile: Peter Altmaier, the new power in Germany's shake-up". Recharge. Retrieved 11 September 2012.
  7. Quentin Peel and Gerrit Wiesmann (12 September 2011), Merkel chief whip set on EU reform Financial Times.
  8. https://www.loomee-tv.de/2012/07/altmaier-hatte-noch-nie-eine-feste-beziehung/
  9. Desmond Butler (22 December 2002), Panel to Decide If Schröder Lied On Economy New York Times.
  10. Souad Mekhennet (17 June 2009), Saudi Cleric With Militant Views Paid Medical Visit to Germany New York Times.
  11. Simon Taylor (28 April 2009), Steinmeier expects Czech ‘Yes’ to Lisbon treaty European Voice.
  12. "Merkel Fires Environment Minister Roettgen". Der Spiegel. 16 May 2012. Retrieved 22 May 2012.
  13. Stefan Nicola (27 September 2013), Merkel Ally Altmaier Wants Germany to Boost Climate Protection Bloomberg.
  14. Stefan Nicola (24 April 2013), Germany’s Altmaier Wants Rare-Earths Recycling to Reduce Imports Bloomberg.
  15. Geert De Clercq, Julien Ponthus, Andreas Rinke and Christoph Steitz (14 January 2014), Franco-German energy firm seen focused on renewables: sources Reuters.
  16. Failed CO2 Targets: Going Through the Motions in Doha Der Spiegel, 26 November 2012.
  17. Gas Guidelines: Berlin Agrees on Fracking Regulations Spiegel Online, 26 February 2013.
  18. Lazar Backovic, Michael Kröger and Annett Meiritz (14 February 2013), Un-Natural Gas: Fracking Set to Shake Up German Campaign Spiegel Online.
  19. Annika Breidthardt and Gernot Heller (26 October 2013), Germany may see higher tax revenues, could play role in talks Reuters.
  20. Toby Vogel (16 December 2013), New German government to be sworn in tomorrow European Voice.
  21. Alison Smale (8 July 2015), German Aides’ Phone Numbers Appear on U.S. Intelligence Documents New York Times.
  22. Björn Hengst, Peter Müller, Ralf Neukirch, Conny Neumann and René Pfister (9 October 2015), Merkel Under Fire: German Conservatives Deeply Split over Refugees Der Spiegel.
  23. Joseph Nasr (13 January 2017), Merkel to chair first Brexit committee meeting next week Reuters.
  24. Thorsten Severin and Andrea Shalal (29 September 2017), Germany's Merkel to name aide Altmaier as stand-in finance minister: sources Reuters.
  25. Kristen Allen (18 May 2012), The World from Berlin: 'The Chancellor Doesn't Have Many Allies Left' Spiegel Online, 26 February 2013.
  26. Diese Unionsabgeordneten stimmten für die Ehe für alle Die Welt, 30 June 2017.
  27. Kristina Dunz und Birgit Marschall (6 December 2018), Rheinische Post.
  28. Andreas Rinke (6 September 2011), https://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/06/eu-germany-court-idUSL5E7K64IS20110906 Germans seek court solution to enforce deficit rules Reuters.
  29. Peter Müller, Christoph Pauly, Christoph Schult, Anne Seith and Dimitri Soibel (17 October 2011), Will Merkel Take The Reins? Europe Deeply Divided Ahead of Make-or-Break Summit Der Spiegel.
  30. Guy Chazan (12 November 2019), Angela Merkel urges EU to seize control of data from US tech titans Financial Times.
  31. Paul Carrel (29 November 2019), Germany plans rapid state intervention to protect key industries Reuters.
  32. Thomas Escritt, Christian Kraemer and Andreas Rinke (May 20, 2020), Germany approves new powers to block foreign takeovers in healthcare Reuters.
  33. Chair and Members Archived 9 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine Stability Council.
  34. Board of Governors Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB).
  35. Board of Trustees Archived 20 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine RAG-Stiftung.
  36. 2014 Annual Report KfW.
  37. Transatlantic Council on Migration Migration Policy Institute (MPI).
Political offices
Preceded by
Ronald Pofalla		 Chief of the Chancellery
2013–2018		 Succeeded by
Helge Braun
Minister for Special Affairs
2013–2018
Preceded by
Wolfgang Schäuble		 Minister of Finance
Acting
2017–2018		 Succeeded by
Olaf Scholz
Preceded by
Brigitte Zypries
Acting		 Minister for Economic Affairs and Energy
2018–		 Incumbent
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