Tetraperchloratoaluminate

Tetraperchloratoaluminates are salts of the tetraperchloratoaluminate anion, [Al(ClO4)4]−. The anion contains aluminium tetrahedrally surrounded by four perchlorate groups. The perchlorate is covalently bonded to the aluminium, but perchlorate is much more well known as an ion. The covalent bond to aluminium distorts the perchlorate and renders it unstable.[1]

Related chemicals are the haloperchloroatoaluminates, where there is one perchloro group attached to aluminium, and three halogens such as chlorine (chloroperchloroatoaluminates) or bromine (bromoperchloroatoaluminates).[2]

Formation

Nitronium tetraperchloratoaluminate is made from exact amounts of nitronium perchlorate and anhydrous aluminium chloride combined in liquid sulfur dioxide.[1]

Ammonium tetraperchloratoaluminate can be formed by three moles of nitronium perchlorate, one mole of anhydrous aluminium chloride, and one mole of ammonium perchlorate combined in liquid sulfur dioxide.[1]

Properties

The tetraperchloratoaluminates are yellowish crystalline solids. They are stable up to 50 °C.[1]

Above this temperature they decompose to hexaperchloratoaluminates which are more temperature stable.[3]

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References
  1. Guibert, C. R.; H. F. Klodowski; M. D. Marshall; A. D. McElroy (1 June 1966). "Complex Light Metal Perchlorates - Tetraperchloratoaluminates". Studies of Complex Perchlorates. Callery Chemical COmpany. pp. 14–27. Retrieved 1 February 2014.
  2. Titova, K. V.; E. I. Kolmakova (1977). "Tetraalkylammonium haloperchloratoaluminates". Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Division of Chemical Science. 26 (2): 229–231. doi:10.1007/BF00921820. ISSN 0568-5230.
  3. Guibert, C. R.; H. F. Klodowski; M. D. Marshall; A. D. McElroy (1 June 1966). "Complex Perchlorates - Hexaperchloratoaluminates". Studies of Complex Perchlorates. Callery Chemical COmpany. pp. 28–44. Retrieved 1 February 2014.
Compounds containing perchlorate group
HClO4 He
LiClO4 Be(ClO4)2 B(ClO
4)−
4
B(ClO4)3		 ROClO3 N(ClO4)3
NH4ClO4
NOClO4		 O FClO4 Ne
NaClO4 Mg(ClO4)2 Al(ClO4)3 Si P S ClO−
4
ClOClO3
Cl2O7		 Ar
KClO4 Ca(ClO4)2 Sc(ClO4)3 Ti(ClO4)4 VO(ClO4)3
VO2(ClO4)		 Cr(ClO4)3 Mn(ClO4)2 Fe(ClO4)3 Co(ClO4)2,
Co(ClO4)3		 Ni(ClO4)2 Cu(ClO4)2 Zn(ClO4)2 Ga(ClO4)3 Ge As Se Br Kr
RbClO4 Sr(ClO4)2 Y(ClO4)3 Zr(ClO4)4 Nb(ClO4)5 Mo Tc Ru Rh(ClO4)3 Pd(ClO4)2 AgClO4 Cd(ClO4)2 In(ClO4)3 Sn(ClO4)4 Sb TeO(ClO4)2 I Xe
CsClO4 Ba(ClO4)2   Hf(ClO4)4 Ta(ClO4)5 W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg2(ClO4)2,
Hg(ClO4)2		 Tl(ClO4),
Tl(ClO4)3		 Pb(ClO4)2 Bi(ClO4)3 Po At Rn
FrClO4 Ra   Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
↓
La Ce(ClO4)x Pr Nd Pm Sm(ClO4)3 Eu(ClO4)3 Gd(ClO4)3 Tb(ClO4)3 Dy(ClO4)3 Ho(ClO4)3 Er(ClO4)3 Tm(ClO4)3 Yb(ClO4)3 Lu(ClO4)3
Ac Th(ClO4)4 Pa UO2(ClO4)2 Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
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