Hexaperchloratoaluminate

The hexaperchloratoaluminate ion is a triple negative complex of perchlorate with aluminium. It is related to hexanitratoaluminate and tetraperchloratoaluminate all of which are highly oxidising energetic materials.[1]

Solid materials that have been produced in this series of hexaperchloratoaluminate salts are lithium hexaperchloratoaluminate, ammoniumhexaperchloratoaluminate, tetramethylammonium hexaperchloratoaluminate, and trinitroniumhexaperchloratoaluminate .[1]

Preparation

The hexaperchloratoaluminates can be prepared in liquid sulfur dioxide at −10 °C from aluminium trichloride combining with various perchlorates.[1]

3 NO2ClO4 + 3 Li3ClO4 + AlCl3 → 3 NO2Cl + Li3Al(ClO4)6[1]
3 NO2ClO4 + 3 (NH4)ClO4 + AlCl3 → 3 NO2Cl + (NH4)3Al(ClO4)6[1]
6 NO2ClO4 + AlCl3 → 3 NO2Cl + (NO2)3Al(ClO4)6[1]

Aluminium nitrate can be heated at 125 °C with nitrosonium or nitronium perchlorate to yield hexaperchloratoaluminates. [1]

10–14 NOClO4 + Al(NO3)3 → 3 NO2Cl + (NO2)3Al(ClO4)6[1]
6–10 NO2ClO4 + Al(NO3)3 → 3 NO2Cl + (NO2)3Al(ClO4)6[1]
3 NO2ClO4 + 3 K3ClO4 + AlCl3 → 3 NO2Cl + K3Al(ClO4)6[1]

Potassium hexaperchloratoaluminate may or may not exist.[1] Hydrazinium hexaperchloratoaluminate can only be made in an impure form with

3 NO2ClO4 + 3 (NH2H5)ClO4 + AlCl3 → 3 NO2Cl + (NH2H5)3Al(ClO4)6[1]

Guanidinium hexaperchloratoaluminate can be made via:

3 NO2ClO4 + 3 C(NH2)3ClO4 + AlCl3 → 3 NO2Cl + (C(NH2)3)3Al(ClO4)6[1]
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References
  1. Guibert, C. R.; A. D. McElroy (10 Feb 1964). "Annual Report Studies of Complex Perchlorates". Callery Chemical Company. pp. 5–7. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
Compounds containing perchlorate group
HClO4 He
LiClO4 Be(ClO4)2 B(ClO
4)−
4
B(ClO4)3		 ROClO3 N(ClO4)3
NH4ClO4
NOClO4		 O FClO4 Ne
NaClO4 Mg(ClO4)2 Al(ClO4)3 Si P S ClO−
4
ClOClO3
Cl2O7		 Ar
KClO4 Ca(ClO4)2 Sc(ClO4)3 Ti(ClO4)4 VO(ClO4)3
VO2(ClO4)		 Cr(ClO4)3 Mn(ClO4)2 Fe(ClO4)3 Co(ClO4)2,
Co(ClO4)3		 Ni(ClO4)2 Cu(ClO4)2 Zn(ClO4)2 Ga(ClO4)3 Ge As Se Br Kr
RbClO4 Sr(ClO4)2 Y(ClO4)3 Zr(ClO4)4 Nb(ClO4)5 Mo Tc Ru Rh(ClO4)3 Pd(ClO4)2 AgClO4 Cd(ClO4)2 In(ClO4)3 Sn(ClO4)4 Sb TeO(ClO4)2 I Xe
CsClO4 Ba(ClO4)2   Hf(ClO4)4 Ta(ClO4)5 W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg2(ClO4)2,
Hg(ClO4)2		 Tl(ClO4),
Tl(ClO4)3		 Pb(ClO4)2 Bi(ClO4)3 Po At Rn
FrClO4 Ra   Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
↓
La Ce(ClO4)x Pr Nd Pm Sm(ClO4)3 Eu(ClO4)3 Gd(ClO4)3 Tb(ClO4)3 Dy(ClO4)3 Ho(ClO4)3 Er(ClO4)3 Tm(ClO4)3 Yb(ClO4)3 Lu(ClO4)3
Ac Th(ClO4)4 Pa UO2(ClO4)2 Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
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