List of wars involving Chile
This is a list of wars that involve Chile from its birth to the present. The Republic of Chile is currently a democratic, representative and unitary state that is located in the extreme southwest of South America. In its history, the Chilean nation has been involved in several wars, meaning an armed struggle between two or more sides, which may be conventional or unconventional.
History of Chile |
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Early history |
Nation-building
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Republican period |
Parliamentary period
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Presidential period
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Pinochet regime
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Contemporary
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Related topics
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Summary and method
In this list are all the military confrontations of Chile, of greater or lesser intensity, conventional or non-conventional. Also if the participation of Chile is greater, smaller or simply nominal.[Note 1] These are: the emancipatory struggle, international wars, civil wars and armed rebellions.
The list of military confrontations below is divided into two tables; the first with the military events of Chile in the 19th century and the second with the military events of Chile in the 20th century. So far, in the 21st century, Chile has not had any military events.
The tables are arranged as follows:
- First the name of the confrontation, accompanied by its duration.
- The belligerents (combatant 1 and combatant 2).
- The result of the confrontation, followed by its most relevant consequences.
In the section of the tables where the result of the confrontation is shown, a color is adopted that can mean:
- Chilean victory: in case of being an international war or that has an international scope due to the quality of the belligerents.
- Chilean defeat: in the case of a war of the same nature as in the case of a Chilean victory, but with an adverse result.
- Indecisive or inconclusive: in the case of a war of the same nature as in the case of a Chilean victory, but with an unclear or controversial result.
- Internal confrontation: in the case of a Chilean internal war, whatever the winning faction.
- Ongoing confrontation: in the case of an ongoing war, be it internal war or international war.
List of military confrontations
19th century
Confrontation | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
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Spanish American wars of independence (1810–1833) |
Independentists:[Note 2]
Native Americans pro-independent |
Royalist: Native Americans pro-realistic |
Independentist victory
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Brigandage of the Pincheira brothers (1827–1832) |
![]() ![]() Pampas and Mapuche allies |
![]() Pampas and Mapuche pro-Pincheira |
Chile & allies victory
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Civil War of 1829–1830 (1829–1830) |
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Pelucones victory
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Surveillance and military confrontation between Chile and the Mapuche tribes in «La Frontera» (1835–1859) |
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Inconclusive
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War of the Confederation (1836–1839) |
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Chile & Peruvian dissidents victory
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Uprising of the military canton of Quillota (1837) |
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Government victory
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Iquicha War[Note 4] (1839) |
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Peru & Chile victory
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Chilean Revolution of 1851 (1851) |
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![]() Mañil |
Government victory
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Chilean Revolution of 1859 (1859) |
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Government victory
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Occupation of Araucanía (1861–1883) |
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Chilean victory
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Chincha Islands War (1864–1866) |
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Indecisive, both sides claimed victory
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War of the Pacific (1879–1883) |
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Chilean victory
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Civil War of 1891 (1891) |
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Congressist victory
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20th century
Confrontation | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
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Chile Chico War[8] (1918) |
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Chilean settlers victory
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Chilean naval mutiny of 1931 (1931) |
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Government victory
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World War II (1939–1945; Chile officially since 1945) Relevant milestones regarding Chile:
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Allies
Nominal participation: |
Remaining Axis power |
Allies victory
With respect to Chile:
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Armed resistance in Chile (1973–1990) Part of the Cold War |
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Government victory
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Notes
- It will be "simply nominal" in case of international wars involving Chile, there being a declaration of war but without having an active participation in the confrontation.
- In this section of "combatant 1" appear the independent governments that managed to consolidate at the end of the war, with the only exception of the Banda Oriental, which would have another destination. Later, some of these governments disintegrated, as happened with Gran Colombia (Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador) or the First Mexican Empire (Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador and Costa Rica). Uruguay (ex Banda Oriental) and Panama would be formed because of other conflicts.
- On 25 April 1844, Spain officially recognized the independence of Chile through a Treaty of Peace and Friendship.[1]
- After the dissolution of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, the iquichano leader Antonio Huachaca provoked an armed uprising against the Chilean-Peruvian victors. Chilean troops fought against these rebels until peace was achieved.[4]
- During the course of the Pacific War, the United States intervened diplomatically in favor of Peru and Bolivia, trying to avoid the territorial cession in favor of Chile. This generated an atmosphere of tension or rivalry between both countries, especially because Chile emerged as a regional power after the war. The greatest example of this struggle between Chile and the United States was the Panama crisis of 1885.[6] The Chilean civil war of 1891 would end up diminishing Chile's position against the United States.
- In 1903, the Army Carabineros Corps was created, in charge of exercising internal security functions.[9] This unit belonged to the cavalry branch of the Chilean Army.[10] On 27 April 1927, the Army Carabineros Corps merged with the Fiscal Police, thus forming the current institution known as Carabiniers of Chile.[10]
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wars of Chile. |
- Barros Van Buren, Mario (1970). Historia diplomática de Chile (1541-1938) (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Editorial Andrés Bello. p. 174.
- Collier, Simon; Sater, William (1996). A History of Chile, 1808-1994. Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 68. ISBN 0-521-56827-7.
- Musicó Aschiero, Ana María (2013). "Guerra de la Confederación Argentina con la Confederación Perú - Boliviana 1835 -1839" (in Spanish). Buenos Aires, Argentina: Revista Digital Universitaria del Colegio Militar de la Nación: 5–6. Retrieved 23 June 2019. Cite journal requires
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(help) - Galdo Gutiérrez, Virgilio (1992). Ayacucho: conflictos y pobreza, historia regional (siglos XVI-XIX) (in Spanish). Ayacucho, Perú: San Cristóbal of Huamanga University. p. 179–180.
- Tapia Figueroa, Claudio (2016). "La política chilena en la postguerra del Pacífico: poder, influencia y relaciones con Ecuador" (PDF) (in Spanish). Valparaíso, Chile: Federico Santa María Technical University: 129. Retrieved 23 June 2019. Cite journal requires
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(help) - Rubilar Luengo, Mauricio (2012). La política exterior de Chile durante la guerra y postguerra del Pacífico (1879-1891): las relaciones con Estados Unidos y Colombia: diplomacia, opinión pública y poder naval (in Spanish). Valladolid, España: University of Valladolid. p. 471–472.
- Varela Münchmeyer, Eugenio (1992). "Manejo de crisis. Situación Chile-Estados Unidos en 1891-1892" (PDF) (in Spanish). Viña del Mar, Chile: Revista de Marina: 2–3. Retrieved 23 June 2019. Cite journal requires
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(help) - Ivanoff Wellmann, Danka (1997). La Guerra de Chile Chico o los Sucesos del Lago Buenos Aires (in Spanish). Valdivia, Chile.
- Gazmuri, Cristián (2014). Historia de Chile 1891-1994: Política, Economía, Sociedad, Cultura, Vida Privada, Episodios (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: RIL Editores. p. 51.
- Estado Mayor General del Ejército (1980). Historia del Ejército de Chile: La primera guerra mundial y su influencia en el ejército (1914–1940) (in Spanish). VIII. Santiago, Chile: Impresos Vicuña. p. 257.
- Flores, Jonathan (June 23, 2017). "Departamento 50: la unidad de inteligencia de la PDI que combatió a los nazis en Chile". BiobioChile.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 June 2019.
- Nocera, Raffaele (2005). "Ruptura con el eje y alineamiento con Estados Unidos. Chile durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial" (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Pontifical Catholic University of Chile: 442. Retrieved 23 June 2019. Cite journal requires
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(help) - Pugh Gillmore, Kenneth (2004). "¿Quién hundió al Toltén?" (PDF) (in Spanish). Viña del Mar, Chile: Revista de Marina. Retrieved 23 June 2019. Cite journal requires
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(help) - Barros Van Buren, Mario (1998). Diplomacia chilena en la II Guerra Mundial (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Empresa Editora Arquen. p. 105.