List of state leaders in 1879

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1879.

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy – Mensa Bonsu Kumaa, Asantehene (1874–1883)
• Kingdom of Benin - Adolo (1848-1888)
• Bornu Empire - Umar of Borno (1837-1881)
• Kingdom of Burundi – Mwezi IV Gisabo (1852–1908)
• Kingdom of Dahomey – Glele (1856–1889)
• Ethiopian Empire – Yohannes IV (1871–1889)
• Kingdom of Kaffa -
• Kingdom of Kongo - Pedro V of Kongo (1859-1891)
• Liberia – Anthony W. Gardiner, President of Liberia (1878–1883)
• Opobo - Jaja (1869-1887)[1]
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph – Mu'adh bin Bello (1877–1881)
  • Grand Vizier - Abdullah bin Muhammad Fodiye (c.1874–1886)
• Urambo - Mirambo (1860-1884)
• Kingdom of Wala -
• Wassoulou Empire - Samori Ture (1878-1898)
• Zabarima (emirate) - Babatu
• Sultanate of Zanzibar – Barghash bin Said (1870–1888)
• Zulu – Cetshwayo kaMpande, King of the Zulu (1872–1884)

Asia

• Emirate of Afghanistan –

1. Sher Ali Khan (1868–1879)
2. Mohammad Yaqub Khan (1879)
3. Mohammad Jan, minister regent (1879)

• • Ghazni
    1. Declared independence on 24 December
    2. Musa Jan Khan, Emir of Ghazni (1879–1880)
• Kingdom of Burma – Thibaw Min (1878–1885)
• Kingdom of Cambodia – Norodom (1860–1904)
• Kingdom of Champasak – Kham Suk (1863–1900)
• China (Qing dynasty) – Guangxu Emperor (1875–1908)
• Indian subcontinent, current day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh – Victoria, Empress of India (1876–1901)
• Empire of Japan
  • Monarch – Emperor Meiji (1867–1912)
  • Chancellor of the Realm – Sanjō Sanetomi (1871–1885)
  • Ryukyu Domain – Shō Tai, King of Ryukyu (1848–11 March 1879)
    • Fully annexed into Japan as Okinawa Prefecture; monarchy ended.
• Joseon (Korea) – Gojong (1864–1907, Emperor after 1897)
• Kingdom of Luang Phrabang – Unkham (1868–1895)
• Kingdom of Nepal – Surendra Bikram Shah Deva (1847–1881)
• Sultanate of Oman – Turki bin Said (1871–1888)
• Rajpipla State - Gambhirsinhji II (1860-1897)
• Siam – Chulalongkorn (Rama V), King of Siam (1868–1910)
• Đại Nam (Nguyễn dynasty) – Tự Đức, Emperor (1847–1883)

Europe

• Andorra – Patrice de Mac-Mahon, Duke of Magenta (President of France) and Josep Caixal i Estradé (Bishop of Urgel), co-Princes (1873–1879 and 1853–1879)
• Austria-Hungary – Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
  • Minister-President of Austria -
  1. Prince Adolf of Auersperg (1871–1879)
  2. Count Eduard von Taaffe (1879–1893)
  • Minister-President of Hungary - Kálmán Tisza (1875–1890)
• Belgium
  • Monarch – Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865–1909)
  • Cabinet Chief - Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt (1868–1870, 1878–1884)
• Principality of Bulgaria – Alexander I Joseph (1879–1886)
• Kingdom of Denmark
  • Monarch – Christian IX (1863–1906)
  • Prime Minister – Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup (1875–1894)
• French Third Republic –
  • President -
    1. Patrice de Mac-Mahon, Duke of Magenta (1873–1879)
    2. Jules Grévy (1879–1887)
  • President of the Council -
    1. Jules Dufaure (1877–1879)
    2. William Henry Waddington (1879)
    3. Charles de Freycinet (1879–1880)
• Germany -
  • Monarch – Wilhelm I, German Emperor (1871–1888)
  • Chancellor - Otto von Bismarck (1871–1890)
  • see List of German rulers in 1879
• Kingdom of Greece –
  • Monarch – George I (1863–1913)
  • Prime Minister - Alexandros Koumoundouros (1878–1880)
• Holy See – Pope Leo XIII (1878–1903)
• Kingdom of Italy
  • Monarch – Umberto I (1878–1900)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Agostino Depretis (1878–1879)
    2. Benedetto Cairoli (1879–1881)
• Principality of Liechtenstein – Johann II (1858–1929)
• Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
  • Monarch – William III of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
  • Prime Minister - Félix de Blochausen (1874–1885)
• Principality of Monaco – Charles III (1856–1889)
• Principality of Montenegro – Nicholas I (1860–1910/1918/1921)
• Netherlands -
  • Monarch – William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
  • Chairman of the Dutch Council of Ministers -
    1. Jan Kappeyne van de Coppello (1877–1879)
    2. Theo van Lynden van Sandenburg (1879–1883)
• Sweden–Norway – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Oscar II (1872–1905)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
  • Sultan - Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909)
  • Grand Vizier -
    1. Hayreddin Pasha (1878–1879)
    2. Ahmed Arifi Pasha (1879)
• Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
  • Monarch – Luís I (1861–1889)
  • President of the Council of Ministers -
    1. António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo (1878–1879)
    2. Anselmo José Braamcamp (1879–1881)
• United Principalities (Romania) – Carol I (1866–1881/1914)
• Russian Empire – Alexander II (1855–1881)
• San Marino - Camillo Bonelli and Pietro Berti, Captains Regent (1878–1879)
• Principality of Serbia – Milan II (1868–1882/1889)
• Kingdom of Spain –
  • Monarch – Alfonso XII of Spain (1875–1885)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
    2. Arsenio Martínez-Campos y Antón (1879)
    3. Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
• Kingdom of Sweden – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
  • Monarch – Oscar II (1872–1907)
  • Prime Minister - Louis Gerhard De Geer (1876–1880)
• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland –
  • Monarch – Victoria (1837–1901)
  • Prime Minister - Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (1868, 1874–1880)

Middle East and North Africa

• Abu Dhabi – Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1855–1909)
• Khedivate of Egypt –
  • Monarch -
    1. Isma'il (1867–1879)
    2. Tawfiq (1879–1892)
• Sultanate of Morocco – Hassan I (1873–1894)
• Sultanate of Oman – Turki ibn Sa'id (1871–1888)
• Persia (Qajar dynasty) – Nasir ed-Din (1848–1896)
• Beylik of Tunis (Under Ottoman Empire suzerainty) - Muhammad as-Sadiq (1859–1882)

North America and the Caribbean

• Canada -
  • Monarch – Victoria, Queen of Canada (1837–1901)
  • Governor-General - Marquess of Lorne (1878–1883)
  • Prime Minister – John A. Macdonald (1867–1891)
• Costa Rica – Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez, President of Costa Rica (1877–1882)
• Dominican Republic – Council of Secretaries of State (1878–1879)
• El Salvador – Rafael Zaldívar, President of El Salvador (1876–1885)
• Guatemala – Justo Rufino Barrios, President of Guatemala (1873–1885)
• Haiti –
  1. Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal, President of Haiti (1876–1879)
• Honduras – Marco Aurelio Soto, President of Honduras (1876–1883)
• Mexico - Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico (1876–1880)
• Nicaragua –
  1. Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Alfaro, President of Nicaragua (1875–1879)
  2. ???
• United States - Rutherford B. Hayes, President of the United States (1877–1881)

Oceania

• Easter Island - Alexander Ariipaea Salmon (1878-1888)
• Kingdom of Hawaii – Kalākaua (1874–1891)
• Mangareva – Bernardo Putairi, Regent of Mangareva (1873–1881)
• Niue – Tui-toga, King of Niue (1875–1887)
• Samoa – Malietoa Talavou Tonumaipe’a, Malietoa (1860–1880)
• Tahiti –
  1. Pōmare IV, Queen of Tahiti (1827–1877)
  2. Pōmare V, King of Tahiti (1877–1880)
• Tonga –
  • Monarch – George Tupou I, King of Tonga (1845–1893)
  • Prime Minister - Tevita 'Unga (1876–1880)

South America

• Argentina – Nicolás Avellaneda, President of Argentina (1874–1880)
• Bolivia – Hilarión Daza, Provisional President of Bolivia (1876–1879)
• Empire of Brazil –
  • Monarch – Pedro II (1831–1889)
  • President of the cabinet of ministers - João Lins Cansanção, Viscount of Sinimbu (1878–1880)
• Chile – Aníbal Pinto, President of Chile (1876–1881)
• Colombia – Julián Trujillo Largacha, President of Colombia (1878–1880)
• Ecuador – Ignacio de Veintemilla, Supreme Chief of Ecuador (1876–1878/1883)
• Paraguay – Cándido Bareiro, President of Paraguay (1878–1880)
• Peru –
  1. Mariano Ignacio Prado, President of Peru (1876–1879)
  2. ???
• Uruguay –
  1. Lorenzo Latorre, President of Uruguay (1876–1879)
  2. Francisco Antonino Vidal, President of Uruguay (1879)
  3. Lorenzo Latorre, President of Uruguay (1879–1880)
• Venezuela – Jacinto Gutiérrez Martínez, acting President of Venezuela (1878–1879)

References

1. Sylvanus John Sodienye Cookey King Jaja of the Niger Delta: His Life and imes 1821-1891