List of Neanderthal sites

This is a list of archeological sites where remains or tools of Neanderthals were found.

Some sites where classic Neanderthal fossils were found.

Some sites where Pre-Neanderthal or Protoneanderthal fossils were found.

Western Europe north of the Alps and Pyrenees

Swanscombe Heritage Park (England)
Ehringsdorf (Germany)
Engis (Belgium)
Scladina (Belgium)
Veldwezelt-Hezerwater (Belgium)
Bontnewydd, Llanelwy (Wales)
Bau de l'Aubesier (France)
Combe Grenal (France)
Eguisheim (France)[1]
La Chaise (France)
Naulette (Belgium)
Neander Valley (Germany)
Northsea shore, (Netherlands)
Salzgitter-Lebenstedt (Germany)
Spy-sur-l'Orneau (Belgium)
La Cotte de St Brelade (Jersey)
Grotte du Renne at Arcy-sur-Cure (France)
Biache-Saint-Vaast (France)
Châtelperron (France)
La Chapelle-aux-Saints (France)
La Ferrassie (France)
La Quina (France)
Le Moustier (France)
Les Rochers-de-Villeneuve (France)
Moula-Guercy (France)
Le Regourdou (France)
Saint-Césaire (France)
Creswell Crags (England)
Lynford Quarry (England)

Iberian Peninsula

Furninha cave (Portugal)
Abrigo de la Quebrada (Valencian Community, Spain)
Abrigo do Lagar Velho (Leiria, Portugal)
L'Arbreda (Spain)
Atapuerca Mountains (Spain)
Axlor (Spain)
Banyoles (Catalonia, Spain)
Carihuela (Andalucia, Spain)
Cova Foradà (Valencian Community, Spain) [2]
Cova Negra (Valencian Community, Spain) [3]
Cueva de Bolomor (Valencian Community, Spain) [4]
Cueva Negra (Region of Murcia, Spain)
El Salt (Valencian Community, Spain)[5]
Figueira Brava (Arrabida Mountains, Portugal)
Gibraltar
Roca dels Bous (archaeological site)
Sidrón Cave (Asturias, Spain)
Sima de las Palomas (Region of Murcia, Spain)
Zafarraya (Granada, Spain)
Cova del Gegant (Sitges, Spain)[6]

Apennine Peninsula

Ceprano (Italy)
Monte Circeo (Italy)
Saccopastore (Italy)
Altamura (Italy)
Guattari Cave (Italy)

Balkan Peninsula

Central and Eastern Europe

Divje Babe (Slovenia)
Gánovce (Slovakia)
Jaskinia Ciemna (Poland)
Kiik-Koba (Ukraine)
Kůlna (Czech Republic)
Mezmaiskaya Cave (Russia)
Moldova I (Ukraine [8]
Ochoz (Slovakia)
Peștera cu Oase (Romania)
Peștera Muierilor (Romania)
Šaľa (Slovakia)
Šipka (Czech Republic)
Staroselje (Ukraine)
Sukhaya Mechetka (Russia)

Southwest Asia

Nahal Amud (Israel)
Bisitun Cave (Iran)
Dederiyeh (Syria) [9][10]
Karain (Turkey)
Kebara (Israel)
Ksar Akil (Lebanon)
Shanidar (Iraq)
Wezmeh (Iran)[11]
Tabun (Israel)

Central Asia

Teshik-Tash (Uzbekistan)
Aman-Kutan (Uzbekistan)
Obi-Rakhmat Grotto (Uzbekistan)[12]
Siberia
Chagyrskaya Cave
Okladnikov Cave
Denisova Cave

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References

Goodrum, Matthew R. (2014). "Crafting a New Science: Defining Paleoanthropology and Its Relationship to Prehistoric Archaeology, 1860–1890". Isis. 105 (4): 706–33. doi:10.1086/679420. JSTOR 10.1086/679420. PMID 25665380. S2CID 26727221.
Lozano, Marina; Subirà, Maria Eulàlia; Aparicio, José; Lorenzo, Carlos; Gómez-Merino, Gala (2013). "Toothpicking and Periodontal Disease in a Neanderthal Specimen from Cova Foradà Site (Valencia, Spain)". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e76852. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...876852L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076852. PMC 3797767. PMID 24146934.
Arsuaga, J.L; Villaverde, V; Quam, R; Martínez, I; Carretero, J.M; Lorenzo, C; Gracia, A (2007). "New Neandertal remains from Cova Negra (Valencia, Spain)". Journal of Human Evolution. 52 (1): 31–58. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.07.011. PMID 16979220.
Arsuaga, Juan Luis; Fernández Peris, Josep; Gracia-Téllez, Ana; Quam, Rolf; Carretero, José Miguel; Barciela González, Virginia; Blasco, Ruth; Cuartero, Felipe; Sañudo, Pablo (2012). "Fossil human remains from Bolomor Cave (Valencia, Spain)". Journal of Human Evolution. 62 (5): 629–39. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.02.002. PMID 22440746.
Los neandertales completaban con vegetales su dieta carnívora
Daura, J; Sanz, M; Subirá, M.E; Quam, R; Fullola, J.M; Arsuaga, J.L (2005). "A Neandertal mandible from the Cova del Gegant (Sitges, Barcelona, Spain)". Journal of Human Evolution. 49 (1): 56–70. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.03.004. PMID 15896823.
Predrag Radović, Joshua Lindal, Dušan Mihailović, Mirjana Roksandić (June 2019). "The first Neanderthal specimen from Serbia: Maxillary first molar from the Late Pleistocene of Pešturina Cave". Journal of Human Evolution. 131: 139–151. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.03.018. PMID 31182199.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
About.com Archaeology, Moldova I (Ukraine)
Akazawa, Takeru; Muhesen, Sultan; Dodo, Yukio; Kondo, Osamu; Mizoguchi, Yuji; Abe, Yoshito; Nishiaki, Yoshihiro; Ohta, Shoji; Oguchi, Takashi; Haydal, Jamal (1995). "Neanderthal infant burial from the Dederiyeh Cave in Syria". Paléorient. 21 (2): 77–86. doi:10.3406/paleo.1995.4619. JSTOR 41492634.
Schepartz, Lynne (2015). "Akazawa Takeru & Muhesen Sultan (ed.). Neanderthal burials: excavations of the Dederiyeh Cave, Afrin, Syria. xxvii+394 pages, 163 figures, 66 plates, 115 tables. 2003. Auckland: KW; 4-9901694-3-3 hardback". Antiquity. 78 (301): 728–9. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00113407.
Zanolli, Clément, Fereidoun Biglari, Marjan Mashkour, Kamyar Abdi, Herve Monchot, Karyne Debue, Arnaud Mazurier, Priscilla Bayle, Mona Le Luyer, Hélène Rougier, Erik Trinkaus, Roberto Macchiarelli. (2019). Neanderthal from the Central Western Zagros, Iran. Structural reassessment of the Wezmeh 1 maxillary premolar. Journal of Human Evolution, Vol: 135.
Glantz, Michelle; Viola, Bence; Wrinn, Patrick; Chikisheva, Tatiana; Derevianko, Anatoly; Krivoshapkin, Andrei; Islamov, Uktur; Suleimanov, Rustam; Ritzman, Terrence (2008). "New hominin remains from Uzbekistan". Journal of Human Evolution. 55 (2): 223–37. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.12.007. PMID 18499228.

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[goodrum-1] Goodrum, Matthew R. (2014). "Crafting a New Science: Defining Paleoanthropology and Its Relationship to Prehistoric Archaeology, 1860–1890". Isis. 105 (4): 706–33. doi:10.1086/679420. JSTOR 10.1086/679420. PMID 25665380. S2CID 26727221.

[2] Lozano, Marina; Subirà, Maria Eulàlia; Aparicio, José; Lorenzo, Carlos; Gómez-Merino, Gala (2013). "Toothpicking and Periodontal Disease in a Neanderthal Specimen from Cova Foradà Site (Valencia, Spain)". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e76852. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...876852L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076852. PMC 3797767. PMID 24146934.

[3] Arsuaga, J.L; Villaverde, V; Quam, R; Martínez, I; Carretero, J.M; Lorenzo, C; Gracia, A (2007). "New Neandertal remains from Cova Negra (Valencia, Spain)". Journal of Human Evolution. 52 (1): 31–58. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.07.011. PMID 16979220.

[4] Arsuaga, Juan Luis; Fernández Peris, Josep; Gracia-Téllez, Ana; Quam, Rolf; Carretero, José Miguel; Barciela González, Virginia; Blasco, Ruth; Cuartero, Felipe; Sañudo, Pablo (2012). "Fossil human remains from Bolomor Cave (Valencia, Spain)". Journal of Human Evolution. 62 (5): 629–39. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.02.002. PMID 22440746.

[5] Los neandertales completaban con vegetales su dieta carnívora

[6] Daura, J; Sanz, M; Subirá, M.E; Quam, R; Fullola, J.M; Arsuaga, J.L (2005). "A Neandertal mandible from the Cova del Gegant (Sitges, Barcelona, Spain)". Journal of Human Evolution. 49 (1): 56–70. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.03.004. PMID 15896823.

[journal-7] Predrag Radović, Joshua Lindal, Dušan Mihailović, Mirjana Roksandić (June 2019). "The first Neanderthal specimen from Serbia: Maxillary first molar from the Late Pleistocene of Pešturina Cave". Journal of Human Evolution. 131: 139–151. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.03.018. PMID 31182199.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[8] About.com Archaeology, Moldova I (Ukraine)

[9] Akazawa, Takeru; Muhesen, Sultan; Dodo, Yukio; Kondo, Osamu; Mizoguchi, Yuji; Abe, Yoshito; Nishiaki, Yoshihiro; Ohta, Shoji; Oguchi, Takashi; Haydal, Jamal (1995). "Neanderthal infant burial from the Dederiyeh Cave in Syria". Paléorient. 21 (2): 77–86. doi:10.3406/paleo.1995.4619. JSTOR 41492634.

[10] Schepartz, Lynne (2015). "Akazawa Takeru & Muhesen Sultan (ed.). Neanderthal burials: excavations of the Dederiyeh Cave, Afrin, Syria. xxvii+394 pages, 163 figures, 66 plates, 115 tables. 2003. Auckland: KW; 4-9901694-3-3 hardback". Antiquity. 78 (301): 728–9. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00113407.

[11] Zanolli, Clément, Fereidoun Biglari, Marjan Mashkour, Kamyar Abdi, Herve Monchot, Karyne Debue, Arnaud Mazurier, Priscilla Bayle, Mona Le Luyer, Hélène Rougier, Erik Trinkaus, Roberto Macchiarelli. (2019). Neanderthal from the Central Western Zagros, Iran. Structural reassessment of the Wezmeh 1 maxillary premolar. Journal of Human Evolution, Vol: 135.

[12] Glantz, Michelle; Viola, Bence; Wrinn, Patrick; Chikisheva, Tatiana; Derevianko, Anatoly; Krivoshapkin, Andrei; Islamov, Uktur; Suleimanov, Rustam; Ritzman, Terrence (2008). "New hominin remains from Uzbekistan". Journal of Human Evolution. 55 (2): 223–37. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.12.007. PMID 18499228.