John D. Roberts

John Dombrowski Roberts (June 8, 1918 – October 29, 2016) was an American chemist. He made contributions to the integration of physical chemistry, spectroscopy, and organic chemistry for the understanding of chemical reaction rates. Another characteristic of Roberts' work was the early use of NMR, the concept of spin-spin coupling.[1]

For other people named John D. Roberts, see J. D. Roberts (disambiguation)
John D. Roberts
John D. Roberts in 2010
Born
John Dombrowski Roberts

(1918-06-08)June 8, 1918
Los Angeles, California
DiedOctober 29, 2016(2016-10-29) (aged 98)
Pasadena, California
NationalityAmerican
Alma materUCLA
AwardsACS Award in Pure Chemistry (1954)

Roger Adams Award in Organic Chemistry (1967)
Tolman Award (1974)
Willard Gibbs Award (1983)
Priestley Medal (1987)
Welch Award (1990)
National Medal of Science (1990)
Glenn T. Seaborg Medal (1991)
Arthur C. Cope Award (1994)
Linus Pauling Legacy Award (2006)

American Institute of Chemists Gold Medal (2013)
Scientific career
FieldsChemistry
InstitutionsPenn State
UCLA
Harvard
MIT
Caltech
ThesisStudies of the nature of the butenyl Grignard reagent (1945)
Doctoral advisorsWilliam Gould Young
Doctoral students

Career
Roberts in 1967

Roberts received both a B.A. (1941) and Ph.D. (1944) from the University of California, Los Angeles, working under Professor William Gould Young.[2] He held several positions at the California Institute of Technology, including Division Chairman of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering from 1963–68, Dean of the Faculty and Provost from 1980–83 and Institute Professor of Chemistry, Emeritus (1988-2016) in the Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering.[3] He is credited with bringing the first female graduate student, Dorothy Semenow, to Caltech when he moved from MIT.[4][5] He was a consultant for DuPont Central Research (1950-2008)[6] and for Oak Ridge.[3]

He published his autobiography in 1990, The Right Place at the Right Time.[7][8] Roberts died on October 29, 2016 at the age of 98 from a stroke.[9][10]

Awards and honors

Roberts was elected a Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1952.[11] He was elected Member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1956 at 38 years old.[12] In 1978, he was elected a Fellow of The Explorers Club. In 1984, Roberts received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement,[13] awarded the Priestley Medal in 1987,[14] the National Medal of Science in 1990,[15] the Glenn T. Seaborg Medal in 1991,[16] the NAS Award in Chemical Sciences in 1999,[17] the Nakanishi Prize in 2001,[18] the NAS Award for Chemistry in Service to Society in 2009,[19] the Linus Pauling Legacy Award in 2006[20] and the American Institute of Chemists Gold Medal in 2013.[6]

Roberts received honorary degrees from the University of Munich (1962), Temple University (1964) and the University of Notre Dame.[3]

In 1998 he was named by Chemical & Engineering News as one of the 75 most influential chemists of the last 75 years.[21]

gollark: _continues WHYJIT development_
gollark: ```python#!/usr/bin/env python3import argparseimport subprocessparser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Compile a WHY program")parser.add_argument("input", help="File containing WHY source code")parser.add_argument("-o", "--output", help="Filename of the output executable to make", default="./a.why")parser.add_argument("-O", "--optimize", help="Optimization level", type=int, default="0")args = parser.parse_args()def build_output(code, mx): C_code = f"""#define QUITELONG long long intconst QUITELONG max = {mx};int main() {{ volatile QUITELONG i = 0; // disable some "optimizations" that RUIN OUR BEAUTIFUL CODE! while (i < max) {{ i++; }} {code}}} """ shell_script = f"""#!/bin/shTMP1=/tmp/ignore-meTMP2=/tmp/ignore-me-too cat << EOF > $TMP1{C_code}EOF gcc -x c -o $TMP2 $TMP1 chmod +x $TMP2 $TMP2 """ return shell_scriptinput = args.inputoutput = args.outputwith open(input, "r") as f: contents = f.read() looplen = max(1000, (2 ** -args.optimize) * 1000000000) code = build_output( contents, looplen ) with open(output, "w") as out: out.write(code)```
gollark: I give you... WHYJIT.
gollark: Trouble is that bundling TCC would require *building* it and that'd increase WHY compile times significantly.
gollark: So how does one actually go around packaging binaries with the program?

References
  1. "Early Ideas in the History of Quantum Chemistry". U. Anders, Ph.D. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
  2. Roberts, John D. (1945). Studies of the nature of the butenyl Grignard reagent (Ph.D. thesis). University of California, Los Angeles. OCLC 20899542 – via ProQuest.
  3. Center for Oral History. "John D. Roberts". Science History Institute.
  4. "Interview with John D. Roberts (b. 1918)" (PDF). Caltech Oral History Project, Caltech Archives, Caltech. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
  5. Bell, Brian (July 29, 2013). "Caltech's John D. Roberts Awarded Gold Medal". Pasadena Now. Archived from the original on July 12, 2016. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
  6. "American Institute of Chemists Gold Medal". Science History Institute. February 19, 2018.
  7. "John D. Roberts (1918– )". National Science Foundation. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
  8. The Right Place at the Right Time. WorldCat. OCLC 21197391.
  9. Fleur, Nicholas St (November 6, 2016). "John D. Roberts Dies at 98; He Revolutionized the Field of Organic Chemistry". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
  10. "John D. Roberts, 1918-2016 | Caltech". The California Institute of Technology. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
  11. "Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter R" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved April 15, 2011.
  12. "National Academy of Sciences, Member Directory". National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
  13. "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
  14. "Prieslty Medal winners". American Chemical Society. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
  15. "John D. Roberts (1918– )". National Science Foundation. Retrieved June 10, 2014.
  16. "Past Seaborg Medal Recipients". Glenn T. Seaborg Medal. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
  17. "NAS Honors 17 For Contributions To Science". The Scientist. April 26, 1999. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
  18. "Nakanishi Prize". American Chemical Society. Retrieved January 3, 2016.
  19. "Academy Honors 18 for Major Contributions to Science". News from the National Academies. January 28, 2009. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
  20. ""Useful Knowledge about Magnetic Resonance Imaging," Dr. John D. Roberts (video and transcript)". Special Collections and Archives, Oregon State University. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
  21. "Contributors to the Chemical Enterprise: C&EN's Top 75". Chemical & Engineering News. January 12, 1998. Retrieved February 5, 2015.

Sources
  • Roberts, John D. "ABCs of FT-NMR." University Science Books, Sausalito, California, 2000.
  • "JDR." Engineering & Science 1980, 44(2), p. 10.

Books

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