John 20:19
John 20:19 is the nineteenth verse of the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament. It describes what it says is the first appearance of Jesus to his disciples after Resurrection of Jesus, and in a locked room of a house.
| John 20:19 | |
|---|---|
← 20:18 20:20 → | |
 Jesus appears to his disciples after he has risen. In The story of the Bible from Genesis to Revelation (1873). | |
| Book | Gospel of John |
| Christian Bible part | New Testament |
Content
The original Koine Greek, according to the Textus Receptus, reads:[1]
- Οὔσης οὖν ὀψίας τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ τῇ μιᾷ τῶν σαββάτων καὶ τῶν θυρῶν κεκλεισμένων ὅπου ἦσαν οἱ μαθηταὶ συνηγμένοι διὰ τὸν φόβον τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἦλθεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς καὶ ἔστη εἰς τὸ μέσον καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς Εἰρήνη ὑμῖν
In the King James Version of the Bible it is translated as:
- Then the same day at evening, being the first day of the week, when the doors were shut where the disciples were assembled for fear of the Jews, came Jesus and stood in the midst, and saith unto them, Peace be unto you.
The modern World English Bible translates the passage as:
- When therefore it was evening, on that day, the first day of the week, and when the doors were locked where the disciples were assembled, for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood in the midst, and said to them, "Peace be to you."
For a collection of other versions see BibleHub John 20:19
Analysis
The account of Jesus' first appearance in the Gospel of John (20:19-23; 21:13) shows similarity to the account in the Gospel of Luke (24:36-49), that it happened in Jerusalem in the evening of his resurrection from the dead.[2]
Only John mentions that the door was locked, and its "reason" (fear of the Jews to persecute them after their leader was executed), but the "function" is to show the 'miraculous nature of Jesus' appearance',[3] that the risen Jesus is 'no longer bound by normal space conditions'.[2] The door was not merely shut but locked (Greek perfect verb: κεκλεισμένων, kekleismenōn).[4]
The words Peace be with you (Ancient Greek: Εἰρήνη ὑμῖν, Eirēnē hymin[1]) is a common traditional Jewish greeting[5] (shalom alekem, or שלום לכם shalom lekom;[1] cf. 1 Samuel 25:6[4]) still in use today;[3] repeated in John 20:21 & 26[4]), but here Jesus conveys the peace he previously promised to his disciples (John 14:27; John 16:33), causing the rapid switch of their emotion from "fear" (verse 19) to "joy" (verse 20).[6]
The number of the disciples present is not certain, although Thomas' absence is singled out in verse 24, and Judas Iscariot left, but some other disciples less tightly connected could be present as well.[3]
References
- Greek Text Analysis: John 20:19. Biblehub
- Kieffer 2007, p. 997.
- Carson, D. A. (1991). The Gospel According to John. Pillar New Testament commentary (reprint ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 646. ISBN 9780851117492.
- Köstenberger, Andreas J. (2004). John. Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Volume 4 (illustrated ed.). Baker Academic. p. 572. ISBN 9780801026447.
- Coogan, Michael David (2007). Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann; Perkins, Pheme (eds.). The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 (Augmented 3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 180 New Testament. ISBN 9780195288810.
- Guthrie 1994, p. 1063.
Sources
- Guthrie, Donald (1994). "John". In Carson, D. A.; France, R. T.; Motyer, J. A.; Wenham, G. J. (eds.). New Bible Commentary: 21st Century Edition (4, illustrated, reprint, revised ed.). Inter-Varsity Press. pp. 1021–1065. ISBN 9780851106489.
- Kieffer, René (2007). "60. John". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 960–1000. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.