Jesu Leiden, Pein und Tod

"Jesu Leiden, Pein und Tod" (Suffering, pain and death of Jesus) is a German Lutheran hymn by Paul Stockmann. Written in 34 stanzas and published in 1633, it narrates the Passion of Jesus. It was sung to a melody by Melchior Vulpius. Johann Sebastian Bach used three of its stanzas as chorales in his St John Passion.

"Jesu Leiden, Pein und Tod"
Lutheran Passion hymn
CatalogueZahn 6288
Textby Paul Stockmann
LanguageGerman
Melodyby Melchior Vulpius
Published1633 (1633)

History

Paul Stockmann wrote 34 stanzas of eight lines each, rhyming ABABCDCD.[1] The hymn first appeared in 1633, designated to be sung to the 1609 melody by Melchior Vulpius to the Passion hymn "Jesu Kreuz, Leiden und Pein", Zahn No. 6288.[2] The stanzas are usually in two halfs, four lines describing the situation, and four lines applying it to the situation of the singer.[3]

Melody and musical settings

Johann Sebastian Bach used the 33rd stanza, "Jesu, deine Passion / ist mir lauter Freude" (Jesus, Your passion / is pure joy to me), in his cantata for Palm Sunday, Himmelskönig, sei willkommen, BWV 182, in 1714.[3][4] In 1724, Bach used three stanzas from the hymn (10, 20, and 34) as commenting chorales in his St John Passion.[5] The tenth stanza is sung as movement 14, ending Part I after Peter's denial, beginning "Petrus, der nicht denkt zurück" (Peter, when he fails to think).[6][7] The 20th stanza follows Jesus telling his mother and John the disciple to take care of each other, beginning "Er nahm alles wohl in acht" (He took good care of everything) as movement 28.[8][9] The final stanza (transcribed below), beginning "Jesu, der du warest tot /lebest nun ohn Ende" (Jesus who you were dead / live now without end), is used in movement 32 juxtaposed to lines of a bass aria, occurring in the narrative shortly after the death of Jesus.[3] It is a prayer to Jesus whom the believer addresses as risen.[3]


Johann Caspar Vogler probably composed a chorale prelude for the hymn,[10] which was attributed to Bach.[11]

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References
  1. "Jesu Leiden, Pein und Tod". hymnary.org. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  2. Zahn, Johannes (1891). Die Melodien der deutschen evangelischen Kirchenlieder (in German). IV. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann. pp. 19–20.
  3. Andreas Loewe: Johann Sebastian Bach's St John Passion (BWV 245): A Theological Commentary Brill 2014
  4. Himmelskönig, sei willkommen BWV 182; BC A 53 / A 172 / Sacred cantata (Palm Sunday) Bach Digital
  5. Dürr, Alfred: Johann Sebastian Bach's St John Passion: Genesis, Transmission, and Meaning Oxford University Press 2000, translated by Alfred Clayton, pp. 39–40
  6. Dahn, Luke (2018). "BWV 245.14". bach-chorales.com. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  7. "Jesu Leiden, Pein und Tod BWV 245/14 ChS; BC F 115.2a/b". Bach Digital. 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  8. Dahn, Luke (2018). "BWV 245.28". bach-chorales.com. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  9. "Jesu Leiden, Pein und Tod BWV 245/28 ChS; BC F 115.3a/b". Bach Digital. 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  10. Jesu Leiden, Pein und Tod (Vogler, Johann Caspar): Scores at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
  11. Jesu Leiden, Pein und Tod, BWV Anh.57 (Bach, Johann Sebastian): Scores at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
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