Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest

Italy
Member station	RAI
National selection events	National final Sanremo Music Festival ; 1956–1966 ; 1972 ; 1997 ; 2011 ; 2013 ; 2015–2020 ; Internal selection 1967–1971 ; 1973–1980 ; 1983–1985 ; 1987–1993 ; 2012 ; 2014 ;
Participation summary
Appearances	45
First appearance	1956
Best result	1st: 1964, 1990
Nul points	1966
External links
	Italy official website RAI for ESC
	Italy's page at Eurovision.tv
	For the most recent participation see; Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 2020

Italy has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 45 times since making its debut at the first contest in 1956. It was one of the seven countries that competed at the first contest. Italy competed at the contest frequently until 1997. After a 14-year absence, the country returned to the contest in 2011. Italy has won the contest twice.

In 1958, Domenico Modugno finished third with the song "Nel blu, dipinto di blu". Renamed "Volare", the song became a huge international hit, reaching the US number one spot and winning two Grammy Awards at its first edition. Emilio Pericoli also finished third in 1963, before Italy won for the first time in 1964 with Gigliola Cinquetti and "Non ho l'età". Cinquetti returned to the contest in 1974 and finished second with the song "Si", losing to ABBA. Italy then finished third in 1975 with Wess and Dori Ghezzi and the song "Era". The country's best result of the 1980s was Umberto Tozzi and Raf finishing third in 1987. Italy's second victory in the contest came in 1990 with Toto Cutugno and the song "Insieme: 1992". Other good 1990s results were Mia Martini in 1992 and Jalisse in 1997, who both finished fourth. After 1997, Italy withdrew from the competition.

On 31 December 2010, the EBU announced that Italy would be returning to the contest as part of the "Big Five", meaning that it automatically qualified for the final.[1] Italy's return to the contest has proved to be successful, finishing in the top ten in seven of the last nine contests (2011–19), including second places for Raphael Gualazzi (2011) and Mahmood in (2019), and Il Volo finishing third in 2015. Il Volo won the televoting, receiving votes from all countries, but the juries placed them sixth. Since the introduction of the 50/50 voting system in 2009, this was the first time that the winner of the viewers vote did not win the contest.

History

Absences

Italy has withdrawn from the Eurovision Song Contest a number of times. The first withdrawal was in 1981, when RAI stated that interest had diminished in the country.[2] This absence continued through the following year, before Italy returned in 1983. Italy again withdrew in 1986 when RAI decided not to enter the contest. From 1994 to 1996 Italy withdrew again, with RAI citing a lack of interest in participating. Italy returned in 1997, before withdrawing again without explanation, and the country did not participate again until 2011.

None of the Eurovision winning songs were particularly successful in the Italian charts. "Non ho l'eta" by Gigliola Cinquetti (Grand Prix 1964) was a hit in February 1964 when the song won the Sanremo festival, but according to the official "Hit Parade Italia" website, "Waterloo", "Ding-A-Dong", "Puppet on a String", "Save Your Kisses for Me" and even Italy's own winning entry of 1990, "Insieme: 1992", all failed to enter the top ten of the records sales charts. A notable exception to this rule was, however, the 1984 entry "I treni di Tozeur" by Alice and Franco Battiato which shared 5th position in the final but still became a #3 hit in Italy and was also placed at #20 on the chart of the best-selling singles in Italy of 1984.[3]

TV censorship of the Eurovision Song Contest 1974

Italy refused to broadcast the Eurovision Song Contest 1974 on RAI because of a song sung by Gigliola Cinquetti which coincided with the intense political campaigning for the 1974 Italian referendum on divorce which was held a month later in May. Despite the Eurovision contest's taking place more than a month before the planned vote, Italian censors refused to allow the contest and song to be shown or heard. RAI censors felt that the song, which was titled "Sì" (Yes), and which contained lyrics constantly repeating the aforementioned word could be accused of being subliminal messaging and a form of propaganda to influence the Italian voting public to vote 'yes' in the referendum ('yes' to repeal the law that allowed divorce). The song thus remained censored on most Italian state TV and radio stations for over a month. At the contest in Brighton, Cinquetti finished second, losing to ABBA. "Sì" went on to be a UK top ten hit, peaking at number eight. It also reached the German top 20.

A new interest?

However, in 2008 two noted Italian musicians, Vince Tempera (who was the conductor for Malta in 1975 and had helped San Marino take part in the ESC in 2008) and Eurovision winner Toto Cutugno expressed their sorrow at Italy's non-participation and called for the country to return to the contest.[4][5]

Contestants from the 2008 contest, starting with the winner Dima Bilan appeared on the Italian show Carramba! Che fortuna, hosted by Raffaella Carrà on Rai Uno. Whether this was an initiative by Carrà (who presented three shows in TVE concerning the event) to try to bring Eurovision back to Italy is not clear, but Sietse Bakker, Manager Communications & PR of the Eurovision Song Contest, reiterated that "Italy is still very much welcome to take part in the competition."[6][7]

Shortly after revealing the list of participants for the 2009 Contest the EBU announced that, for the 2010 Contest, they would work harder to bring Italy back into the contest, along with former participants Monaco and Austria.[8]

Successful return to the contest

At a press conference presenting the fourth edition of the Italian X Factor, Rai 2 director Massimo Liofredi announced that the winner of the competition might advance to represent Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest, rather than participate in the Sanremo Festival, as in previous years. On 2 December 2010, it was officially announced by the Eurovision Song Contest official website that Italy had applied to compete in the 2011 Contest.[9] Their participation was further confirmed on 31 December with the announcement of the official participant list.[1]

Italy's return to the contest after a 14-year absence has been successful, finishing in the top ten in seven of the last nine contests (2011–19). In 2011, Raphael Gualazzi finished second, Italy's best result since 1990. Italy actually came first with the jury vote, but only 11th in the televote to place second overall behind winners Azerbaijan. Nina Zilli in 2012 and Marco Mengoni in 2013 were able to achieve a top 10 position (9th and 7th respectively); the latter, gathered 126 points, exactly doubling the sum of the other Big. This trend had a stop when Emma Marrone, selected internally, ended in 21st place, worst position ever of an Italian entry. In 2015, winners of Sanremo Il Volo finished third with 292 points, behind Sweden and Russia. Italy placed first in the televote with 366 points, but sixth in the jury vote. Since the introduction of the 50/50 split vote voting system, this was the first time that the winner of the televote did not win the contest. Francesca Michielin, selected among competitors of 2016 Sanremo Festival after the waiver of the winners Stadio, ended in 16th place. Francesco Gabbani, a fan favourite with "Occidentali's Karma", earned a 6th place in 2017. The year after, although not initially a big favourite with the bookies, Ermal Meta and Fabrizio Moro returned Italy to the top 5 with "Non mi avete fatto niente" aided significantly by finishing third in the televote which heavily counterbalanced the 17th place of the jury, finishing fifth overall. In 2019 Mahmood placed second with 465 points, Italy's best result since 2011.

The video for "Occidentali's Karma" by Francesco Gabbani has become the first Eurovision song to reach more than 200 million views on YouTube, while "Soldi" by Mahmood is the most-streamed Eurovision song on Spotify.[10][11]

Italy's return and the "Big Five"

Since 2000, four countries - the United Kingdom, Germany, France and Spain - have automatically qualified for the final of the Contest regardless of their positions on the scoreboard in previous contests.[12] They earned this status by being the four biggest financial contributors to the EBU. Owing to their untouchable status in the Contest, these countries became known as the "Big Four". Executive Supervisor of the Contest Svante Stockselius told reporters in a meeting with OGAE Serbia that, if Italy were to return to the contest in the future, the country would also qualify automatically for the finals, becoming part of a "Big Five".[13][14] However, with the official announcement of the return of Italy, it was not confirmed whether the country would compete in one of the two semi-finals or whether it would be part of the "Big Five", as RAI, third largest contributor to the EBU, had not applied to be a member of "Big Five".[15] On December 31, it was announced that Italy would take part in of the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 and confirmed that the country would thereby automatically qualify for the final in Germany as part of the "Big Five".[1]

Contestants

Table key
1	Winner
2	Second place
3	Third place
◁	Last place
X	Entry selected but did not compete

Year	Artist	Language	Title	Place	Points	Semi
1956	Franca Raimondi	Italian	"Aprite le finestre"	2[lower-alpha 1]	N/A	No semi-finals
1956	Tonina Torrielli	Italian	"Amami se vuoi"	2[lower-alpha 1]	N/A
1957	Nunzio Gallo	Italian	"Corde della mia chitarra"	6	7
1958	Domenico Modugno	Italian	"Nel blu, dipinto di blu"	3	13
1959	Domenico Modugno	Italian	"Piove (Ciao, ciao bambina)"	6	9
1960	Renato Rascel	Italian	"Romantica"	8	5
1961	Betty Curtis	Italian	"Al di là"	5	12
1962	Claudio Villa	Italian	"Addio, addio"	9	3
1963	Emilio Pericoli	Italian	"Uno per tutte"	3	37
1964	Gigliola Cinquetti	Italian	"Non ho l'età"	1	49
1965	Bobby Solo	Italian	"Se piangi, se ridi"	5	15
1966	Domenico Modugno	Italian	"Dio, come ti amo"	17 ◁	0
1967	Claudio Villa	Italian	"Non andare più lontano"	11	4
1968	Sergio Endrigo	Italian	"Marianne"	10	7
1969	Iva Zanicchi	Italian	"Due grosse lacrime bianche"	13	5
1970	Gianni Morandi	Italian	"Occhi di ragazza"	8	5
1971	Massimo Ranieri	Italian	"L'amore è un attimo"	5	91
1972	Nicola di Bari	Italian	"I giorni dell'arcobaleno"	6	92
1973	Massimo Ranieri	Italian	"Chi sarà con te"	13	74
1974	Gigliola Cinquetti	Italian	"Sì"	2	18
1975	Wess and Dori Ghezzi	Italian	"Era"	3	115
1976	Al Bano & Romina Power	English, Italian	"We'll Live It All Again"	7	69
1977	Mia Martini	Italian	"Libera"	13	33
1978	Ricchi e Poveri	Italian	"Questo amore"	12	53
1979	Matia Bazar	Italian	"Raggio di luna"	15	27
1980	Alan Sorrenti	Italian	"Non so che darei"	6	87
1983	Riccardo Fogli	Italian	"Per Lucia"	11	41
1984	Alice & Battiato	Italian	"I treni di Tozeur"	5	70
1985	Al Bano & Romina Power	Italian, English	"Magic Oh Magic"	7	78
1987	Umberto Tozzi and Raf	Italian	"Gente di mare"	3	103
1988	Luca Barbarossa	Italian	"Vivo (Ti scrivo)"	12	52
1989	Anna Oxa and Fausto Leali	Italian	"Avrei voluto"	9	56
1990	Toto Cutugno	Italian	"Insieme: 1992"	1	149
1991	Peppino di Capri	Neapolitan	"Comme è ddoce 'o mare"	7	89
1992	Mia Martini	Italian	"Rapsodia"	4	111
1993	Enrico Ruggeri	Italian	"Sole d'Europa"	12	45	Kvalifikacija za Millstreet
1997	Jalisse	Italian	"Fiumi di parole"	4	114	No semi-finals
2011	Raphael Gualazzi	Italian, English	"Madness of Love"	2	189	Member of the "Big 5"
2012	Nina Zilli	English, Italian	"L'amore è femmina (Out of Love)"	9	101
2013	Marco Mengoni	Italian	"L'essenziale"	7	126
2014	Emma	Italian	"La mia città"	21	33
2015	Il Volo	Italian	"Grande amore"	3	292
2016	Francesca Michielin	Italian, English	"No Degree of Separation"	16	124
2017	Francesco Gabbani	Italian	"Occidentali's Karma"	6	334
2018	Ermal Meta and Fabrizio Moro	Italian	"Non mi avete fatto niente"	5	308
2019	Mahmood	Italian[lower-alpha 2]	"Soldi"	2	472
2020	Diodato	Italian	"Fai rumore"	Contest cancelled[lower-alpha 3] X

Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest

Artist	Language	Title	At Congratulations				At Eurovision
Artist	Language	Title	Final	Points	Semi	Points	Year	Place	Points
Domenico Modugno	Italian	"Nel blu, dipinto di blu"	2	267	2	200	1958	3	13

Hostings

Year	Location	Venue	Presenters
1965	Naples	Auditorium RAI	Renata Mauro
1991	Rome	Teatro 15 di Cinecittà	Gigliola Cinquetti and Toto Cutugno

Awards

Marcel Bezençon Awards

Year	Category	Song	Performer	Final	Points	Host city	Ref.
2015	Press Award	"Grande amore"	Il Volo	3	292	Vienna	[16]
2017	Press Award	"Occidentali's Karma"	Francesco Gabbani	6	334	Kyiv	[17]
2019	Composer Award	"Soldi"	Mahmood	2	465	Tel Aviv	[18]

Winner by OGAE members

Year	Song	Performer	Final result	Points	Host city	Ref.
2015	"Grande amore"	Il Volo	3	292	Vienna	[19]
2017	"Occidentali's Karma"	Francesco Gabbani	6	334	Kyiv	[20]
2019	"Soldi"	Mahmood	2	465	Tel Aviv	[21]

Related involvement

Heads of delegation

Year	Head of delegation	Ref.
2011–2020	Nicola Caligiore	[22]
2020–	Simona Martorelli	[23]

Commentators and spokespersons

Year	Final commentator	Semi-final commentator	Spokesperson	Ref.
1956	Bianca Maria Piccinino	No semi-finals	No spokesperson
1957			Nunzio Filogamo
1958			Fulvia Colombo
1959			Enzo Tortora
1960	Giorgio Porro
1961	Corrado Mantoni
1962	Renato Tagliani
1963
1964			Rosanna Vaudetti
1965			Daniele Piombi
1966			Enzo Tortora
1967			Mike Bongiorno
1968
1969
1970			Enzo Tortora
1971			No spokesperson
1972
1973
1974	Rosanna Vaudetti		Anna Maria Gambineri
1975	Silvio Noto		Anna Maria Gambineri
1976			Rosanna Vaudetti
1977			Mariolina Cannuli
1978	Rosanna Vaudetti		Mariolina Cannuli
1979	Rosanna Vaudetti		Paola Perissi
1980	Michele Gammino		Mariolina Cannuli
1981–1982	No broadcast		Did not participate
1983	Paolo Frajese	No semi-finals	Paola Perissi
1984	Antonio De Robertis		Mariolina Cannuli
1985	Rosanna Vaudetti		Beatrice Cori
1986	No broadcast		Did not participate
1987	Rosanna Vaudetti	No semi-finals	Mariolina Cannuli
1988	Daniele Piombi		Mariolina Cannuli
1989	Gabriella Carlucci		Peppi Franzelin
1990	Peppi Franzelin		Paolo Frajese
1991	No commentator		Rosanna Vaudetti
1992	Peppi Franzelin		Nicoletta Orsomando
1993	Ettore Andenna	Ettore Andenna	Peppi Franzelin	[24]
1994–1996	No broadcast		Did not participate
1997	Ettore Andenna	No semi-finals	Peppi Franzelin
1998–2002	No broadcast		Did not participate
2003	Fabio Canino and Paolo Quilici	No semi-finals
2004–2010	No broadcast
2011	Raffaella Carrà and Bob Sinclar	Raffaella Carrà	Raffaella Carrà
2012	Filippo Solibello and Marco Ardemagni	Federica Gentile	Ivan Bacchi
2013	Filippo Solibello, Marco Ardemagni and Natasha Lusenti	Federica Gentile	Federica Gentile	[25][26]
2014	Linus and Nicola Savino	Marco Ardemagni and Filippo Solibello	Linus
2015	Federico Russo and Valentina Correani (TV) Marco Ardemagni and Filippo Solibello (Radio)		Federico Russo
2016	Flavio Insinna and Federico Russo		Claudia Andreatti
2017	Flavio Insinna and Federico Russo	Andrea Delogu and Diego Passoni	Giulia Valentina
2018	Serena Rossi and Federico Russo (TV) Carolina Di Domenico and Ema Stokholma (Radio)	Carolina Di Domenico and Saverio Raimondo	Giulia Valentina
2019	Flavio Insinna and Federico Russo (TV) Ema Stokholma and Gino Castaldo (Radio)	Federico Russo and Ema Stokholma	Ema Stokholma	[27]

Other shows

Show	Commentator	Channel	Ref.
Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light	Flavio Insinna, Federico Russo	Rai 1	[28]
Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light	Gino Castaldo, Ema Stockholma	Rai 4 Rai Radio 2	[28]

Photogallery

Domenico Modugno in Hilversum (1958)
Bobby Solo in Naples (1965)
Al Bano and Romina Power in The Hague (1976)
Raphael Gualazzi in Düsseldorf (2011)
Marco Mengoni in Malmö (2013)
Emma in Copenhagen (2014)
Il Volo in Vienna (2015)
Francesca Michielin in Stockholm (2016)
Francesco Gabbani in Kyiv (2017)
Ermal Meta and Fabrizio Moro in Lisbon (2018)
Mahmood in Tel Aviv (2019)

gollark: Which is not exactly *blocking*. That implies that the entire thread waits.

gollark: It LOOKS like blocking code, but internally it's rewritten as promises.

gollark: It does NOT block.

gollark: Yes, that explains what I said.

gollark: There is no actual blocking.

Notes and references

Notes

The full results for the first contest in 1956 are unknown, only the winner was announced. The official Eurovision site lists all the other songs as being placed second.
Contains phrases in Arabic.
The 2020 contest was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

References

Bakker, Sietse (2010-12-31). "43 nations on 2011 participants list". Eurovision.tv. Retrieved 31 December 2010.
"History - Eurovision Song Contest 1981". European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 2008-09-17.
Hit Parade Italia, chart entry "I Treni di Tozeur"
Kasapoglou, Yiorgos (7 March 2008). "Italy: Maestro Tempera calls Italy back to Eurovision". ESCToday. Retrieved 7 March 2008.
Bakker, Sietse (16 June 2008). "Cutugno: "Italy's absence unfortunate"". European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 16 June 2008.
Hondal, Víctor (19 September 2008). "Italy: Eurovision stars guests on Rai Uno". ESCToday. Retrieved 20 September 2008.
Siim, Jarmo (17 September 2008). "Eurovision stars going to Italy!". European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 20 September 2008.
floras, stella (13 January 2009). "EBU working for Eurovision full house in 2010". ESCTodayaccessdate=30 July 2009.
Bakker, Sietse (2 December 2010). "Italy applied for 2011 Eurovision Song Contest!". European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 2 December 2010.
"Occidentali's Karma hits 200 million views on Youtube!". escxtra.com. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
"Italy: Mahmood's "Soldi" is now the most-streamed Eurovision song on Spotify". Wiwibloggs. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
O'Connor, John Kennedy (2005). The Eurovision Song Contest 50 Years The Official History. London: Carlton Books Limited. ISBN 1-84442-586-X.
"Svante Stockselius meets members of OGAE Serbia". Oikotimes. 2007-06-22. Archived from the original on 2010-02-12. Retrieved 2009-05-24.
Fulton, Rick (2007-05-14). "The East V West Song Contest". Daily Record. Retrieved 2009-05-24.
"Italy made no motion for Big 5 membership yet". Oikotimes. 2010-12-03. Retrieved 2010-12-03.
"Winners of the Marcel Bezençon Awards 2015". eurovision.tv. 25 May 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
"Winners of the Marcel Bezençon Awards 2017". eurovision.tv. 14 May 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
"Here are the winners of the 2019 Marcel Bezençon Awards". eurovision.tv. 18 May 2019. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
Cobb, Ryan (21 April 2017). "Analysing ten years of OGAE voting: "Underneath the fan favourite bias is a worthwhile indicator"". escxtra.com. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
Gallagher, Robyn (30 April 2017). "OGAE Poll 2017 final results: Italy confirmed as winner, Belgium second, Sweden third". Wiwibloggs. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
Herbert, Emily (30 April 2019). "Eurovision 2019: Italy Wins OGAE Poll 2019". eurovoix.com. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
Granger, Anthony (10 November 2019). "Italy: Nicola Caligiore to Step Down as Head of Delegation". eurovoix.com. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
Granger, Anthony (14 May 2020). "Italy:Simona Martorelli Named as New Head of Delegation". Eurovoix. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
"Enrico Ruggeri Sole d'Europa Eurofestival 1993". youtube.com. 26 October 2008. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
"Natascha Lusenti affiancherà Ardemagni-Solibello nel commento all'Eurovision 2013" (in Italian). Eurofestival.ws. 5 April 2013. Archived from the original on 19 May 2013. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
Gordon Roxburgh (18 May 2013). "Good evening Malmö - Voting order revealed". Eurovision.tv. European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 19 May 2013. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
https://www.rai.it/dl/doc/1557818030923_RDTV_13maggio_down.pdf (pagina 14)
"Eurovision, Europe Shine a Light: il 16 maggio alle 20.35 su Rai1, Radio2 e RaiPlay" [Eurovision, Europe Shine a Light: on 16 May at 20:35 on Rai1, Radio2 and RaiPlay]. eurofestivalnews.com. 10 April 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.

External links

Italian Eurovision Website
Esc-Time.com - Italian website daily updated about Eurovision
Points to and from Italy eurovisioncovers.co.uk

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[esc_1956-16] The full results for the first contest in 1956 are unknown, only the winner was announced. The official Eurovision site lists all the other songs as being placed second.

[17] Contains phrases in Arabic.

[18] The 2020 contest was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

[Italy_return-1] Bakker, Sietse (2010-12-31). "43 nations on 2011 participants list". Eurovision.tv. Retrieved 31 December 2010.

[2] "History - Eurovision Song Contest 1981". European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 2008-09-17.

[3] Hit Parade Italia, chart entry "I Treni di Tozeur"

[4] Kasapoglou, Yiorgos (7 March 2008). "Italy: Maestro Tempera calls Italy back to Eurovision". ESCToday. Retrieved 7 March 2008.

[5] Bakker, Sietse (16 June 2008). "Cutugno: "Italy's absence unfortunate"". European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 16 June 2008.

[6] Hondal, Víctor (19 September 2008). "Italy: Eurovision stars guests on Rai Uno". ESCToday. Retrieved 20 September 2008.

[7] Siim, Jarmo (17 September 2008). "Eurovision stars going to Italy!". European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 20 September 2008.

[8] ras, stella (13 January 2009). "EBU working for Eurovision full house in 2010". ESCTodayaccessdate=30 July 2009.

[9] Bakker, Sietse (2 December 2010). "Italy applied for 2011 Eurovision Song Contest!". European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 2 December 2010.

[10] "Occidentali's Karma hits 200 million views on Youtube!". escxtra.com. Retrieved 13 April 2020.

[11] "Italy: Mahmood's "Soldi" is now the most-streamed Eurovision song on Spotify". Wiwibloggs. Retrieved 13 April 2020.

[50yrs-12] O'Connor, John Kennedy (2005). The Eurovision Song Contest 50 Years The Official History. London: Carlton Books Limited. ISBN 1-84442-586-X.

[13] "Svante Stockselius meets members of OGAE Serbia". Oikotimes. 2007-06-22. Archived from the original on 2010-02-12. Retrieved 2009-05-24.

[14] Fulton, Rick (2007-05-14). "The East V West Song Contest". Daily Record. Retrieved 2009-05-24.

[15] "Italy made no motion for Big 5 membership yet". Oikotimes. 2010-12-03. Retrieved 2010-12-03.

[19] "Winners of the Marcel Bezençon Awards 2015". eurovision.tv. 25 May 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2019.

[20] "Winners of the Marcel Bezençon Awards 2017". eurovision.tv. 14 May 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2019.

[21] "Here are the winners of the 2019 Marcel Bezençon Awards". eurovision.tv. 18 May 2019. Retrieved 8 December 2019.

[22] Cobb, Ryan (21 April 2017). "Analysing ten years of OGAE voting: "Underneath the fan favourite bias is a worthwhile indicator"". escxtra.com. Retrieved 8 December 2019.

[23] Gallagher, Robyn (30 April 2017). "OGAE Poll 2017 final results: Italy confirmed as winner, Belgium second, Sweden third". Wiwibloggs. Retrieved 8 December 2019.

[24] Herbert, Emily (30 April 2019). "Eurovision 2019: Italy Wins OGAE Poll 2019". eurovoix.com. Retrieved 8 December 2019.

[25] Granger, Anthony (10 November 2019). "Italy: Nicola Caligiore to Step Down as Head of Delegation". eurovoix.com. Retrieved 5 December 2019.

[26] Granger, Anthony (14 May 2020). "Italy:Simona Martorelli Named as New Head of Delegation". Eurovoix. Retrieved 15 May 2020.

[27] "Enrico Ruggeri Sole d'Europa Eurofestival 1993". youtube.com. 26 October 2008. Retrieved 8 January 2020.

[Commentators2013-28] "Natascha Lusenti affiancherà Ardemagni-Solibello nel commento all'Eurovision 2013" (in Italian). Eurofestival.ws. 5 April 2013. Archived from the original on 19 May 2013. Retrieved 19 May 2013.

[29] Gordon Roxburgh (18 May 2013). "Good evening Malmö - Voting order revealed". Eurovision.tv. European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 19 May 2013. Retrieved 19 May 2013.

[30] ttps://www.rai.it/dl/doc/1557818030923_RDTV_13maggio_down.pdf (pagina 14)

[esal-31] "Eurovision, Europe Shine a Light: il 16 maggio alle 20.35 su Rai1, Radio2 e RaiPlay" [Eurovision, Europe Shine a Light: on 16 May at 20:35 on Rai1, Radio2 and RaiPlay]. eurofestivalnews.com. 10 April 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.