ISO/IEC 80000

ISO 80000 or IEC 80000 is an international standard developed and promulgated jointly by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).

The standard introduces the International System of Quantities (ISQ). It is a style guide for the use of physical quantities and units of measurement, formulas involving them, and their corresponding units, in scientific and educational documents for worldwide use. In most countries, the notations used in mathematics and science textbooks at schools and universities follow closely the guidelines in this standard.

The ISO/IEC 80000 family of standards was completed with the publication of Part 1 in November 2009.[1]

Overview

In 2019, ISO/IEC 80000 comprises 13 parts, two of which (parts 6 and 13) were developed by IEC. The other 11 were developed by ISO. Part 14 was withdrawn.

Part Year Name Replaces Status
ISO 80000-1[2] 2009 General ISO 31-0, IEC 60027-1 and IEC 60027-3 under review
ISO 80000-2[3] 2019 Mathematics ISO 31-11, IEC 60027-1 published
ISO 80000-3[4] 2019 Space and time ISO 31-1 and ISO 31-2 published
ISO 80000-4[5] 2019 Mechanics ISO 31-3 published
ISO 80000-5[6] 2019 Thermodynamics ISO 31-4 published
IEC 80000-6[7] 2008 Electromagnetism ISO 31-5 under review
ISO 80000-7[8] 2019 Light and radiation ISO 31-6 published
ISO 80000-8[9] 2020 Acoustics ISO 31-7 published
ISO 80000-9[10] 2019 Physical chemistry and molecular physics ISO 31-8 published
ISO 80000-10[11] 2019 Atomic and nuclear physics ISO 31-9 and ISO 31-10 published
ISO 80000-11[12] 2019 Characteristic numbers ISO 31-12 published
ISO 80000-12[13] 2019 Condensed matter physics ISO 31-13 published
IEC 80000-13[14] 2008 Information science and technology subclauses 3.8 and 3.9 of IEC 60027-2:2005 under review
IEC 80000-14[15] 2008 Telebiometrics related to human physiology IEC 60027-7 withdrawn

Subject areas

The 80000 standard currently has 13 parts.[16][17]

General

ISO 80000-1:2009 replaces ISO 31-0:1992 and ISO 1000:1992.[18] It gives gives general information and definitions concerning quantities, systems of quantities, units, quantity and unit symbols, and coherent unit systems, especially the International System of Quantities, ISQ, and the International System of Units, SI.[19] The text of the informative sections of this document are publicly available.[20]

Mathematics

ISO 80000-2:2019 revises ISO 80000-2:2009,[21] which superseded ISO 31-11.[22] It specifies mathematical symbols, explains their meanings, and gives verbal equivalents and applications. The text of the informative sections of this document are publicly available.[23]

Space and time

ISO 80000-3:2019 revises ISO 80000-3:2006,[24] which supersedes ISO 31-1 and ISO 31-2.[25] It gives names, symbols, definitions and units for quantities of space and time. The text of this document is publicly available.[26]

Mechanics

ISO 80000-4:2019 revises ISO 80000-4:2006,[27] which superseded ISO 31-3.[28] It gives names, symbols, definitions and units for quantities of mechanics. The text of this document is publicly available.[29]

Thermodynamics

ISO 80000-5:2019 revises ISO 80000-5:2007,[30] which superseded ISO 31-4.[31] It gives names, symbols, definitions and units for quantities of thermodynamics. The text of this document is publicly available.[32]

Electromagnetism

IEC 80000-6:2008 supersedes ISO 31-5[33] as well as IEC 60027-1. It gives names, symbols, and definitions for quantities and units of electromagnetism.

Light and radiation

ISO 80000-7:2019 revises ISO 80000-7:2008,[34] which superseded ISO 31-6.[35] It gives names, symbols, definitions and units for quantities used for light and optical radiation in the wavelength range of approximately 1 nm to 1 mm. The text of this document is publicly available.[36]

Acoustics

ISO 80000-8:2020 replaces ISO 80000-8:2007,[37] which revised ISO 31-7:1992.[38] It gives names, symbols, definitions and units for quantities of acoustics. The text of the informative sections of this document are publicly available.[39]

It has a foreword, scope introduction, scope, normative references (of which there are none), and terms and definitions. It includes definitions of sound pressure, sound power and sound exposure, and their corresponding levels: sound pressure level, sound power level and sound exposure level. It includes definitions of the following quantities:

  • logarithmic frequency range
  • static pressure
  • sound pressure
  • sound particle displacement
  • sound particle velocity
  • sound particle acceleration
  • volume flow rate, volume velocity
  • sound energy density
  • sound energy
  • sound power
  • sound intensity
  • sound exposure
  • characteristic impedance for longitudinal waves
  • acoustic impedance
  • sound pressure level
  • sound power level
  • sound exposure level
  • reverberation time

Information science and technology

IEC 80000-13:2008 defines quantities and units used in information science, and specifies names and symbols for these quantities and units.[40] The current edition was published in 2008, and replaces subclauses 3.8 and 3.9 of IEC 60027-2:2005 and IEC 60027-3. It has a scope; normative references; names, definitions and symbols; and prefixes for binary multiples. Quantities defined in this standard are:

  • traffic intensity [A]: number of simultaneously busy resources in a particular pool of resources
  • traffic offered intensity [A0]: traffic intensity ... of the traffic that would have been generated by the users of a pool of resources if their use had not been limited by the size of the pool
  • traffic carried intensity [Y]: traffic intensity ... of the traffic served by a particular pool of resources
  • mean queue length [L, (Ω)]: time average of queue length
  • loss probability [B]: probability for losing a call attempt
  • waiting probability [W]: probability for waiting for a resource
  • call intensity, calling rate [λ]: number of call attempts over a specified time interval divided by the duration (ISO 80000-3 ...) of this interval
  • completed call intensity [μ]: call intensity ... for the call attempts that result in the transmission of an answer signal
  • storage capacity, storage size [M]
  • equivalent binary storage capacity [Me]
  • transfer rate [r, (ν)]
  • period of data elements [T]
  • binary digit rate, bit rate [rb, rbit (νb, νbit)]
  • period of binary digits, bit period [Tb, Tbit]
  • equivalent binary digit rate, equivalent bit rate [re, (νe)]
  • modulation rate, line digit rate [rm, u]
  • quantizing distortion power [TQ]
  • carrier power [Pc, C]
  • signal energy per binary digit [Eb, Ebit]
  • error probability [P]
  • Hamming distance [dn]
  • clock frequency, clock rate [fcl]
  • decision content [Da]
  • information content [I(x)]
  • entropy [H]
  • maximum entropy [H0, (Hmax)]
  • relative entropy [Hr]
  • redundancy [R]
  • relative redundancy [r]
  • joint information content [I(x, y)]
  • conditional information content [I(x|y)]
  • conditional entropy, mean conditional information content, average conditional information content [H(X|Y)]
  • equivocation [H(X∣Y)]
  • irrelevance [C]
  • transinformation content [T(x, y)]
  • mean transinformation content [T]
  • character mean entropy [H′]
  • average information rate [H*]
  • character mean transinformation content [T′]
  • average transinformation rate [T*]
  • channel capacity per character; channel capacity [C′]
  • channel time capacity; channel capacity [C*]

The Standard also includes definitions for units relating to information technology, such as the erlang (E), bit (bit), octet (o), byte (B), baud (Bd), shannon (Sh), hartley (Hart) and the natural unit of information (nat).

Clause 4 of the Standard defines standard binary prefixes used to denote powers of 1024 as 10241 (kibi-), 10242 (mebi-), 10243 (gibi-), 10244 (tebi-), 10245 (pebi-), 10246 (exbi-), 10247 (zebi-) and 10248 (yobi-).

International System of Quantities
Main article: International System of Quantities

Part 1 of ISO 80000 introduces the International System of Quantities and describes its relationship with the International System of Units (SI). Specifically, its introduction states "The system of quantities, including the relations among the quantities used as the basis of the units of the SI, is named the International System of Quantities, denoted 'ISQ', in all languages.", and further clarifies that "ISQ is simply a convenient notation to assign to the essentially infinite and continually evolving and expanding system of quantities and equations on which all of modern science and technology rests".

Units of the ISO and IEC 80000 series

The standard includes all SI units but is not limited to only SI units. Units that form part of the standard but not the SI include the units of information storage (bit and byte), units of entropy (shannon, natural unit of information and hartley), the erlang (a unit of traffic intensity) and units of level (neper and decibel).

The standard includes all SI prefixes as well as the binary prefixes kibi-, mebi-, gibi-, etc., originally introduced by the International Electrotechnical Commission to standardise binary multiples of byte such as mebibyte (MiB), for 10242 bytes, to distinguish them from their decimal counterparts such as megabyte (MB), for precisely one million (10002) bytes. In the standard, the application of the binary prefixes is not limited to units of information storage. For example, a frequency ten octaves above one hertz, i.e., 210 Hz (1024 Hz), is one kibihertz (1 KiHz).

These binary prefixes were standardized first in a 1999 addendum to IEC 60027-2. The harmonized IEC 80000-13:2008 standard cancels and replaces subclauses 3.8 and 3.9 of IEC 60027-2:2005, which had defined the prefixes for binary multiples. The only significant change in IEC 80000-13 is the addition of explicit definitions for some quantities.

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See also
  • International Vocabulary of Metrology
  • International System of Units
  • BIPM – publishes freely available information on SI units
  • NIST – official U.S. representative for SI; publishes freely available guide to use of SI

References
  1. Standards Catalogue TC/12 Quantities and Units
  2. "ISO 80000-1:2009". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  3. "ISO 80000-2:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  4. "ISO 80000-3:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-10-23.
  5. "ISO 80000-4:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  6. "ISO 80000-5:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  7. "IEC 80000-6:2008". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  8. "ISO 80000-7:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  9. "ISO 80000-8:2020". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2020-03-20.
  10. "ISO 80000-9:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  11. "ISO 80000-10:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  12. "ISO 80000-11:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
  13. "ISO 80000-12:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  14. "IEC 80000-13:2008". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2020-04-24.
  15. "IEC 80000-14:2008". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  16. International standards for quantities and units are under revision
  17. "Standards by ISO/TC 12 – Quantities and units". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2020-04-24.
  18. "ISO 80000-1:2019(en) Quantities and units – Part 1: General". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2020-08-02.
  19. "ISO 80000-1:2019 Quantities and units – Part 1: General". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2020-08-02.
  20. "ISO 80000-1:2019(en) Quantities and units – Part 1: General". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2020-08-02.
  21. "ISO 80000-2:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  22. "ISO 80000-2:2009". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  23. "ISO 80000-2:2019(en) Quantities and units – Part 2: Mathematics". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-10-23.
  24. "ISO 80000-3:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-10-23.
  25. "ISO 80000-3:2006". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2013-07-20.
  26. "ISO 80000-3:2019(en) Quantities and units – Part 3: Space and time". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-10-23.
  27. "ISO 80000-4:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  28. "ISO 80000-4:2006". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  29. "ISO 80000-4:2019 Quantities and units – Part 4: Mechanics". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-10-23.
  30. "ISO 80000-5:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  31. "ISO 80000-5:2007". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  32. "ISO 80000-5:2019(en) Quantities and units – Part 5: Thermodynamics". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-10-23.
  33. "IEC 80000-6:2008". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  34. "ISO 80000-7:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  35. "ISO 80000-7:2008". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  36. "ISO 80000-7:2019 Quantities and units – Part 7: Light and radiation". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-10-23.
  37. "ISO 80000-8:2007". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2020-04-23.
  38. "ISO 31-7:1992". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2020-04-23.
  39. "ISO 80000-8:2020(en) Quantities and units – Part 8: Acoustics". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2020-04-23.
  40. "IEC 80000-13:2008". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
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