Harley Quinn

Harley Quinn (Dr. Harleen Frances Quinzel) is a fictional character appearing in media published by DC Entertainment. Created by Paul Dini and Bruce Timm to serve as a new supervillain and a romantic interest for the Joker in Batman: The Animated Series on September 11, 1992, she was later adapted into DC Comics' Batman comic book canon, beginning with The Batman Adventures #12 (September 1993).

This article is about the DC Entertainment character. For the Agatha Christie character, see Mr. Harley Quin. For the TV series, see Harley Quinn (TV series).
Not to be confused with Harlequin (disambiguation).

Harley Quinn
Harley Quinn with the Joker on the cover of Batman: Harley Quinn. Art by Alex Ross.
Publication information
PublisherDC Comics
First appearanceBatman: The Animated Series
"Joker's Favor (September 11, 1992)"
First comic appearanceThe Batman Adventures #12 (September 1993)
Created byPaul Dini (writer)
Bruce Timm (artist)
In-story information
Alter egoHarleen Frances Quinzel[1][2]
Team affiliationsSuicide Squad
Birds of Prey
Justice League
Gotham City Sirens
Secret Six
Secret Society of Super Villains
PartnershipsJoker
Poison Ivy
Notable aliasesThe Cupid of Crime[3]
The Maiden of Mischief[4]
Abilities

Harley Quinn is a frequent accomplice and lover of the Joker, who was her patient when she worked as an intern psychiatrist at Gotham City's Arkham Asylum.[5][6] Her alias is a play on the name "Harlequin", a character that originated in commedia dell'arte. She has also teamed up with fellow villains Poison Ivy and Catwoman, the trio being known as the Gotham City Sirens; Ivy is a close friend and romantic interest of Harley.[7] Since The New 52 comics, she has been depicted as an antihero and a recurring core member of the Suicide Squad who has left her abusive relationship with the Joker behind; however, in most other media the character is still depicted as a supervillain and the Joker's girlfriend.[8]

Originally voiced by Arleen Sorkin in the DC animated universe, she has since appeared in various other DC projects voiced by actresses such as Tara Strong, Hynden Walch, Laura Bailey, Jenny Slate, Melissa Rauch, Laura Post, and Kaley Cuoco; the latter provided the character's voice in her own animated series. Mia Sara portrayed the character in the 2002 television series Birds of Prey. Harley Quinn made her live-action cinematic debut in the DC Extended Universe film Suicide Squad (2016), portrayed by Margot Robbie, who reprised her role in Birds of Prey (2020) and will next appear in The Suicide Squad (2021).

History

Creation

Introduction

The name Harley Quinn first appears in Book II, Chapter I of James Joyce's famous 1939 book Finnegans Wake as part of the chapter's choreographer team Harley Quinn and Coollimbeina, an obvious reference to Harlequin and Columbina the 16th century commedia dell'arte characters.

Harley Quinn the DC character first appeared in the DC animated universe's Batman: The Animated Series episode "Joker's Favor",[9] in what was initially supposed to be the animated equivalent of a walk-on role; several police officers were to be taken hostage by someone jumping out of a cake, and it was decided that to have the Joker do so himself would be too bizarre, although he ended up doing it anyway. Thus they created a female sidekick for the Joker; she would become his love interest. Arleen Sorkin, a former star of the soap opera Days of Our Lives, appeared in a dream sequence on that series in which she wore a jester costume; They used this scene as an inspiration for Quinn.[10] Having been friends with Sorkin since college, Paul Dini incorporated aspects of her personality into the character and even got Sorkin herself to voice the character.[11] Quinn was also inspired by a mutual female friend's "stormy but nonviolent relationship," according to Timm.[12]

Origin story

The 1994 graphic novel The Batman Adventures: Mad Love recounts the character's origin story. Written and drawn by Dini and Timm, the comic book is told in the style and continuity of Batman: The Animated Series. It describes Dr. Harleen Frances Quinzel, Ph.D. as an Arkham Asylum psychologist who falls in love with the Joker and becomes his accomplice and on-again, off-again girlfriend. The story received wide praise[13] and won the Eisner and Harvey Awards for Best Single Issue Comic of the Year.[14] The New Batman Adventures series adapted Mad Love as an episode of the same name in 1999. It was the second "animated style" comic book adapted for the series, with the other being "Holiday Knights".

Harleen Quinzel becomes fascinated with the Joker while working at Arkham Asylum and volunteers to help treat him. She falls hopelessly in love with the Joker during their sessions, and she helps him escape from the asylum more than once. When Batman returns a severely injured Joker to Arkham, she dons a jester costume to become Harley Quinn, the Joker's sidekick. The Joker frequently insults, ignores, hurts, and even tries to kill Harley, but she always comes back to him, convinced that he genuinely loves her.

Expanded role

After Batman: The Animated Series and The New Batman Adventures, Harley makes several other animated appearances. She appears as one of the four main female characters of the web cartoon Gotham Girls. She also made guest appearances in other cartoons within the DC animated universe, appearing alongside the Joker in the Justice League episode "Wild Cards" and alongside Poison Ivy in the Static Shock episode "Hard as Nails".

Harley Quinn appears in World's Finest: The Batman/Superman Movie (a compilation film consisting of three-part Superman: The Animated Series episode "World's Finest") as a rival and foil for Lex Luthor's assistant Mercy Graves; each takes an immediate dislike for the other, at one point fighting brutally with each other as Lex Luthor and the Joker have a business meeting. In the film's climax, Harley ties Graves as a human shield to a combat robot set to confront Superman and Batman, but Graves is rescued by the two heroes without suffering any further harm. Harley is last seen being hauled off to prison while raving insanely on a news report that Mercy is watching on TV and having a laugh at Harley's expense.

The animated film Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker takes place in the future, long after the events in Batman: The Animated Series. It includes a flashback scene in which Harley helps the Joker torture Tim Drake until he has become "Joker Jr.," an insane miniature version of the Clown Prince of Crime; she then falls down a deep pit during a battle with Batgirl. At the end of the film, a pair of twin girls who model themselves on the Joker are released on bail to their grandmother, who angrily berates them — to which they answer: "Oh, shut up, Nana Harley!" Prior to this, her costume made several appearances in episodes in the future Batcave.

Characterization

Harleen Quinzel

Dr. Harleen Frances Quinzel is depicted as having been a psychiatrist[6] at Gotham City's Arkham Asylum. Gotham City Sirens #7 (Feb. 2010) shows Harley visiting her family for the holiday season, in which they are portrayed as being very dysfunctional. It is stated that the reason Harley pursued psychiatry was to understand her own broken family.[15]

The character's origin story relates that Harleen Quinzel was once a psychiatrist at Arkham Asylum and was assigned to treat the Joker. She eventually falls in love with the Joker and becomes his lover and accomplice after warping her mind through a series of lies.[16] She follows suit in the Joker's clown-themed, criminal antics and adopts the name Harley Quinn, a play on "Harlequin" from the character in commedia dell'arte. Speaking with a pronounced Northeastern accent, Harley refers to the Joker as Mistah J and Puddin', terms of endearment that have since been used in nearly every adaptation in which the two characters appear.

Appearance
Harley Quinn as she appears in the fifth volume of Suicide Squad (August 2017). Her redesign brings her in line with Margot Robbie's portrayal of the character in the movie of the same name. Art by Otto Schmidt.

Harley Quinn was first introduced in the Batman: The Animated Series appearing in the style of a jester. She wore a black domino mask, white facial makeup, and a one-piece black-and-red motley outfit with a cowl.[9] Unlike the Joker, Harley's skin is not permanently white in the animated series, as this is reiterated in scenes showing Harley out of costume with a normal skin complexion. Dr. Harleen Quinzel, M.D, is portrayed as having blonde hair and blue eyes. She typically wears glasses, a skirt, high-heeled shoes, and a white lab coat.[17]

In her early comic book appearances until 2011, the character wore her original black-and-red costume from the animated series. In September 2011, The New 52 rebooted DC's continuity. In this new timeline, Harley Quinn had a revamped look that lasted until 2016. The New 52 showed Harley Quinn with an alternating black-and-red-toned outfit with a sleeveless top, elbow pads, tight shorts, knee pads, and boots. Her hair color was altered to half-red and half-black, like the cap of her previous incarnation. Consistent with a new origin, her skin was bleached as the result of being kicked into a vat of acid by the Joker.[18]

Following 2016's DC Rebirth, Harley Quinn debuted a new look in the third volume of her eponymous series, as well as the fifth volume of Suicide Squad. Her hair color is now blonde with blue dip dye on the left side and pink dip dye on the right, and she sports two new outfits. One outfit consists of tight, blue and red shorts, a ripped tee-shirt, satin jacket, fingerless gloves, fishnet stockings, studded belt, and lace-up boots, much like Margot Robbie's depiction of the character in the 2016 Suicide Squad film. The character's other outfit is a two-tone, black-and-red suit consisting of a full-sleeve top, tight shorts, opaque stockings, garter belt attachments, and boots. She has also been known to wear both red-and-black colored nail polishes on both her fingernails and toenails in an alternating fashion.

Harley Quinn is adorned with various tattoos, including four diamonds on her upper right thigh. Within the DC Extended Universe, both Harley and the Joker have several tattoos, with Harley having them on her cheek, forearm, legs, and abdomen.

Transition to comic books and publication history

After the success of The Animated Series, the character proved so popular that she was eventually added to Batman comic book canon.[19] She first appeared in the Batman Adventures comic then original graphic novel Batman: Harley Quinn, as part of the "No Man's Land" story, although she had already appeared in the Elseworlds Batman: Thrillkiller and Batman: Thrillkiller '62 in 1997. The comic book version of Quinn, like the comic book version of the Joker, is more dangerously violent and less humorously quirky than the animated series version. Despite her noticeably more violent demeanor, Harley does show mercy and compassion from time to time; she notably stops Poison Ivy from killing Batman, instead convincing her to leave the hero hanging bound and gagged from a large statue.

A Harley Quinn ongoing series[20] was published monthly by DC Comics for 38 issues from 2001 to 2003. Creators who contributed to the title included Karl Kesel, Terry Dodson, A.J. Lieberman, and Mike Huddleston. The series dealt with her going solo, eventually starting a gang and then fleeing Gotham for the city of Metropolis with her friend Poison Ivy. Quinn dies, only to be resurrected and then return to Gotham. The series ends with Harley turning herself into Arkham Asylum, having finally understood that she needs help. We also learn in issue #8 of the comic that Harley had a relationship in college with fellow psychology student Guy Kopski, whose suicide foreshadowed her obsession with the Joker. Harley later appears in the Jeph Loeb series Hush. She is next seen in a Villains United Infinite Crisis special, where she is one of the many villains who escape from Arkham (although she is knocked unconscious the moment she escapes).

In the "One Year Later" storyline, Harley Quinn is an inmate at Arkham, glimpsed briefly in Detective Comics #823 (November 2006).

Harley next appeared in Batman #663 (April 2007), in which she helps the Joker with a plan to kill all his former henchmen, unaware that the "punch line" to the scheme is her own death. Upon realizing this, she shoots him in the shoulder.

Harley resurfaces in Detective Comics #831 (June 2007), written by Paul Dini. Harley has spent the last year applying for parole, only to see her request systematically rejected by Bruce Wayne, the layman member of Arkham's medical commission. She is kidnapped by Peyton Riley, the new female Ventriloquist, who offers her a job; Harley turns the job down out of respect for the memory of Arnold Wesker, the original Ventriloquist, who attempted to cheer her up during her first week in Arkham while the Joker was still on the loose. She then helps Batman and Commissioner Jim Gordon foil the impostor's plans. Although Riley escapes, Bruce Wayne is impressed with Harley's effort at redemption and agrees with granting her parole.

Birds of Prey #105 (June 2007) reveals Harley Quinn as the 6th member of the Secret Six. In issue #108, upon hearing that Oracle has sent the Russian authorities footage of teammate Deadshot murdering the Six's employer as payback for double-crossing them, Harley asks, "Is it a bad time to say 'I quit'?" thus leaving the team.

In Countdown #43 (July 2007), Harley appears to have reformed and is shown to be residing in an Amazon-run women's shelter. Having abandoned her jester costume and clown make-up, she now only wears an Amazonian stola or chiton. She befriends the former Catwoman replacement Holly Robinson and then succeeds in persuading her to join her at the shelter, where she is working as an assistant. They are both brought to Themiscyra by "Athena" (really Granny Goodness) and begin Amazon training. Holly and Harley then meet the real Athena and encounter Mary Marvel. The group reveals Granny's deception, and Holly, Harley, and Mary follow her as she retreats to Apokolips. Mary finds the Olympian gods, whom Granny had been holding prisoner, and the group frees them. Harley is granted powers by Thalia as a reward. Upon returning to Earth, the powers vanish, and Harley and Holly return to Gotham City.

Gotham City Sirens

Harley Quinn joins forces with Poison Ivy (Pamela Isley) and Catwoman (Selina Kyle) in the series Gotham City Sirens. Having moved in with Pamela Isley at the Riddler's apartment, she meets up with Catwoman, who offers for the three of them to live and work together. A new villain who tries to take down Selina Kyle named the Boneblaster breaks into the apartment, and the three of them have to move after they defeat him. Later, after a chance encounter with Hush, the Joker attempts to kill her, apparently out of jealousy. Quinn is rescued by Ivy and Catwoman, and it is later revealed that her attacker was not the real Joker, but one of his old henchmen impersonating him.

Dr. Harleen Quinzel, Ph.D.,[17]art by Clay Mann and Seth Mann

In Gotham City Sirens #7, Harley Quinn visits her family in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn, during the holiday season. Harley's father is a swindler who is still in jail, and her brother, Barry, is a loser with dead-end dreams of rock stardom. Her mother, Sharon, wants her to stop the "villain and hero stuff." The dysfunctional, "horrible" experience while visiting family causes her to return home to the Sirens' shared Gotham City hideout where Harley, Catwoman, and Poison Ivy spend the rest of Christmas together.[15]

Following a number of adventures with Catwoman and Ivy, Harley betrays them and breaks into Arkham Asylum, intending to kill the Joker for his years of abuse towards her. However, Harley ultimately chooses instead to release the Joker from his cell, and together the two orchestrate a violent takeover of the facility that results in most of the guards and staff members either being killed or taken hostage by the inmates.[21]

Harley and the Joker are eventually defeated by the Batman and Catwoman, and Harley is last seen being wheeled away while bound in a straitjacket and muzzle.[22] Shortly afterward, Poison Ivy breaks into Harley's cell and attempts to kill her for her betrayal, but instead offers to free her if she helps her kill Catwoman, who had left both of her fellow Sirens behind in Arkham. Harley agrees, and the two set out to trap Catwoman.[23] During the ensuing fight, Catwoman says that she saw good in them and only wanted to help. Just as Batman is about to arrest them, Catwoman helps the two of them escape.[24]

In August 2016, the debut of the six-issue miniseries Poison Ivy: Cycle of Life and Death reuniting Harley Quinn, Poison Ivy, and Catwoman. Harley appears in the debut issue as Dr. Harleen Quinzel, Ph.D., with continued appearances throughout the series.[17]

The New 52/Harley Quinn Rebirth

Following DC's 2011 relaunch of its titles, Harley Quinn's costume and appearance were fully revamped. The New 52 shows Harley Quinn with a sleeveless top, tight shorts, and boots. Her hair color has also been altered to half-red and half-black, and her bleached white skin is the result of being kicked into a vat of acid by the Joker.[18]

After a falling out with the Joker, she goes into a murderous frenzy, directed towards people responsible for the Joker's imprisonment. Captured by the Black Canary, she is forcibly inducted into the Suicide Squad by Amanda Waller. However, when she discovers that the Joker is rumored to be dead, it takes a further toll to her already-addled mind, and betraying the Suicide Squad, she puts their safety and secrecy at risk by turning herself into the Gotham Police Department in a plot to gain access to the skinned face of the Joker.[25] Her plan pays off, and she manages to recover the face; though, in a further psychotic episode, Harley captures and ties up Deadshot and places the skinned face of the Joker over Deadshot's face, so that she can carry on a "conversation" with her dead lover. Deadshot lures Harley in close, shooting and severely injuring her during the conversation.[18] After the Joker returns to Gotham in the "Death of the Family" storyline, he forces her to disguise herself in his old Red Hood costume and trick the Batman into coming to the chemical plant where they first met. The Batman then falls into a tank and demands Harley to tell him where the Joker is. However, she only replies, in tears, that he is no longer the Joker she had fallen in love with.[26]

Harley Quinn in the New 52, art by Clay Mann and Seth Mann

On July 16, 2013, DC announced that a new Harley Quinn ongoing comic book series would begin publication in November 2013, co-written by Amanda Conner and her husband Jimmy Palmiotti, cover illustrated by Conner, and story illustrated by Chad Hardin.[27][28] The series has notably become distanced from the "Batman Family" of DC publications in both tone and premise, with Harley no longer having any significant connection to either the Batman or the Joker following the "Death of the Family" storyline. In the series, Harley Quinn has become a landlady at Coney Island, is a part-time member of a roller derby team, and has returned to her work in psychology under her real alias, indicating that Harley's real identity is not public knowledge in the new status quo. She also befriends an elderly ex-U.S. agent named Sy Borgman.[29]

Under Conner and Palmiotti's writing, Harley was reinvented as an antihero who, after being released from the Suicide Squad and having her public files erased, values human life more or less and actively tries to improve life in her neighborhood, with mixed results. While the comic book version of the character is still romantically linked with the Joker, a more recent development has Harley also romantically involved with Poison Ivy. Harley Quinn series writers Jimmy Palmiotti and Amanda Conner confirmed that the two characters are in a non-monogamous romantic relationship.[30] Between issues #11–13, Harley formed a brief partnership with an amnesiac Power Girl and battled the Clock King and the Sportsmaster before Power Girl's memory was restored, and she left Harley at the top of the Eiffel Tower as punishment for her deceit.[31] Harley attempts to coerce a romantic connection with her tenant Mason but was unable to make the date due to the multitude of responsibilities in her life, balancing her two jobs with her commitment to her roller derby team and her career as a crime-fighter.[32] With support from Ivy, Harley makes amends with Mason and turns to the Internet to recruit other strong, young women in a crime-fighting team she is forming.[33] This team, dubbed the Gang of Harleys (due to all members fashioning themselves after Harley and taking on similar codenames), comprising young women of various ethnic backgrounds and one gay man called Harvey Quinn, then fights Captain Horatio Strong, a sea captain who becomes superhumanly strong after eating an addictive alien sea-plant, in an homage to Popeye. Harley agrees to help a woman whose daughter has been kidnapped by a gang in Hollywood.[34]

Harley Quinn has featured a few standalone specials which are not directly connected to the main series and feature multiple artists. In the scratch and sniff-themed Annual issue, Harley briefly returned to Gotham to save her girlfriend Poison Ivy, as the Arkham Asylum employees monitoring her had brainwashed her to create a hallucinogenic pathogen.[35] In the Valentine's Day Special, Harley returned to Gotham to win a prize date with Bruce Wayne (who, unbeknownst to her, is the Batman) and finds herself fighting animal rights activists-turned-supervillain blackmailers. She shares a brief intimate moment with Bruce Wayne. At Coney Island, Batman informs Harley that while he still distrusts her, he admires her attempt at heroism and promises not to interfere. Harley kisses the Batman and tells him to get "lessons" on kissing from Bruce Wayne, to which the Batman privately grins.[36]

In Futures End, a series set five years in the future, Harley mails herself to the Bahamas in an attempt to save money on airfare. The plane carrying her crashes over the ocean while flying through a storm, and Harley is washed up onto the shores of an island inhabited by an uncontacted tribe. The tribe quickly declares her a goddess and is determined to have her meet their god-king who turns out to be the Joker.

After a fight and reconciliation, Harley learns that the Joker has been living on the island as a god and making the inhabitants dress up as various superheroes and track him down while playing tricks on them. It is announced that she and the Joker are to be married. She is initially excited about the pending marriage, until she discovers that the two will be sacrificed to the island's volcano as their wedding ceremony ends.[37]

A spin-off series entitled Harley Quinn and Power Girl was launched in June 2015. The series is set to run six issues and takes place while Harley has the amnesiac Power Girl convinced the two are a crime-fighting duo.[38] The story follows the two when they are sent to a part of deep space known as La Galaxia Del Sombrero during the unseen events mentioned in Harley Quinn #12 and then chronicles their journey to return to Earth.[39]

Harley has broken up with the Joker and has a romantic relationship with Poison Ivy.[40]

Amanda Conner and Jimmy Palmiotti's four-year run on Harley Quinn, after almost a hundred issues, came to an end with Harley Quinn #34 "That's all folks!"[41] The series has continued, however, and features a new team of creators.

The ongoing series has no apparent connection to Suicide Squad other than her new hairstyle, dyed for her by one of the tenants in her Brooklyn apartment and a few guest shots from characters like Killer Croc and Deadshot. Harley has once again met up with Power Girl and even her new sidekick Terra. She has faced down multiple villains from the Penguin to the corrupt mayor of New York and is in the process of running for mayor herself when the previous mayor tried to solve the homeless problem by feeding them to cannibals. She also runs a "vigilante for hire" group; she calls her Gang of Harleys and has numerous other allies and stalkers, including Red Tool (a parody of Deadpool), Harley Sinn (a former nemesis) and various other allies she has made along the way. The mayor countered by kidnapping her friend Mason and killing him. Harley got revenge, and then she and Ivy went to visit with her family. On her return, a Man-Bat was seen around town, and Tony went missing. Not feeling very good after the death of Mason, Harley ordered her gang to stay out of it and was summarily ignored. They went to Arkham to ask Langstrom if he was behind it but found him gibbering in his cell. He did, however, mention that there was "another." Meanwhile, Harley went hunting for the Man-Bat and took it down, only to find out it was Tony. Kidnapped moments later, they awoke in Langstrom's lab to find that his wife Francine was the newest Man-Bat, and she then jabbed Harley with the Man-Bat potion.

After that mess, a few of her old criminal buddies, including the Penguin, the Mad Hatter, the Scarecrow, Solomon Grundy, False Face, Mr. Freeze, and numerous other Batman villains took advantage of Harley's grief over her dead friend Mason to split her from her team. This was a temporary measure, and soon, Harley freed them from mind control and apologized for some things she said while on truth serum. Working together with all of her friends and allies like Killer Croc, Poison Ivy, and Power Girl, Harley took the gang down. A few weeks later, the Riddler showed up late for the fight while Harley and her gang were eating at the reformed Condiment King's new hot dog stand, and they easily beat him up too. This was followed up by a one-shot issue in which we see a decimated future where Red Tool has tracked down Old Lady Harley at future cyborg Tony's request. We learn that she married pretty much everyone she knew at one time or another and that the world was mostly destroyed when her Gang of Harleys became several Gangs and tore each other to pieces after Coach was killed/absorbed by Brainiac. Harley finds her old original gang, beats them up, and retakes control. This leaves Coach/Brainiac in charge, and he heads out with Red Tool to go home. Back in the current time period, she recently went on a one-woman rampage on Apokolips before coming back to Earth with a new friend she rescued from Granny Goodness named Tina to deal with a realtor and a cult run by a skeleton-headed goof calling himself "Lord Death Man" whom she heard about on a literal pirate broadcast. It turns out that he set it up himself because he is in love with her and thought it was fun walking into her traps, being apparently unkillable. Harley used the money he paid her to save her building and surrounding businesses from a land developer, whom she then catapulted away. When last seen, Harley was reading one of her own comics and a woman calling herself Jonni DC, Continuity Cop was threatening to stop her, and the preview predicted Harley would destroy the DC Universe. After her mother was temporarily retconned and a series of pointless adventures through multiple continuities, everything was restored to normal, with the exception of an alternate past superhero with no concept of a "gray area" being pulled into Harley's world.

Controversy

In September 2013, DC Comics announced a contest for fans and artists, "Break into comics with Harley Quinn!"[42], in which contestants were to draw Harley in four different suicide scenarios. This contest drew controversy not only because it was announced close to National Suicide Prevention Week, but because some artists did not like the sexualized portrayal of Harley in the fourth scenario, in which Harley attempts suicide while naked in her bathtub. After seeing the reactions to the contest, DC apologized, saying they should have made it clear that it was a dream sequence that was not supposed to be taken seriously. In the final version, the bathtub scene was cut and replaced with Harley sitting on a rocket while flying in space.[43][44]

Harley's Little Black Book

Harley also teamed up with a lot of major DC characters in Harley's Little Black Book, including Zatanna, Wonder Woman, Superman, Lobo, and a version of herself and some other superheroines in a world in which they were trying to kill Hitler.

DC Universe

DC Comics began the next relaunch of its entire line of titles called DC Rebirth in June 2016. In December 2017, DC opted to rebrand its titles under the "DC Universe" name, using the continuity established from DC Rebirth.[45][46] Within the DC Universe, Harley Quinn is featured in a third bi-monthly volume of her eponymous series, starting with Harley Quinn vol. 3 #1 (October 2016).

Suicide Squad
Harley Quinn attacks guards at Belle Reve.[47] Art by Stjepan Šejić.

Harley Quinn has a recurring role in the comic book title Suicide Squad, which debuted its fifth volume with Suicide Squad vol. 5 #1 (October 2016). Following the events of DC Rebirth, Harley Quinn sports two new outfits following in DC Universe. She wears tight blue-and-red shorts, a ripped white tee shirt, a satin jacket, fingerless gloves, net stockings, and boots. Her other outfit is a two-tone, black-and-red suit consisting of a full-sleeve top, tight shorts, opaque stockings, garter belt attachments, and boots. Harley Quinn is adorned with tattoos, and her hair color is blonde hair with blue dip dye on the left side and pink dip dye on the right to match the movie and her new hairstyle in 52.

Unlike her counterpart in the New 52 series (who may be a sequel to this series after Harley finishes her time on the Squad, even going so far as to erase her public criminal record despite the fact that both versions got the dip-dyed hairstyle at the same time), she is still fairly dark and resists any attempts at labeling her a hero, no matter how many lives she saves or how many times she steps up to take command of the situation. She tends to swap her carefree joking attitude for the occasional sulk. So far, the events of the Squad do little to affect the DC Universe outside of their immediate mission. She is still officially done with the Joker in a romantic capacity and still Poison Ivy's on-again, off-again girlfriend.

The ongoing fifth volume of Suicide Squad shows Harley Quinn as an unpredictable and dangerous inmate at Belle Reve Penitentiary, attacking the facility's security forces when given the opportunity.[47] Harley Quinn becomes the leader of the Suicide Squad in issue #20, following Rick Flag's apparent death. The members of the team under Harley's leadership include Captain Boomerang, Deadshot, the Enchantress, Katana, and Killer Croc.

Harley Quinn DC Black Label

Harley Quinn is a major character in DC's first Black Label comic series, an adult-focused imprint, in Sean Murphy's 8-part standalone story Batman: White Knight (more information provided in other versions section).

Harleen, a limited series created by Stjepan Sejic, due to debut on September 25, will provide new insight into the character's origin story and will be her first solo comic series within the new imprint.[48]

In addition to her own origin story, Harley Quinn will also feature in Kami Garcia, Mike Mayhew, and Mico Suayan's Joker/Harley: Criminal Sanity. The series re-imagines Harley Quinn as a forensic profiler who helps the police on their trail of the Joker and is due for release on October 2, 2019.[49]

Other versions
  • Harley Quinn's first major appearance outside the Batman animated world was in the Elseworlds miniseries Thrillkiller. This version of Harley is a schoolgirl named Hayley Fitzpatrick who dresses up in order to help a female version of the Joker called Bianca Steeplechase. After Batgirl kills Bianca, Harley is shown killing her own family, intent on revenge in the final frames of the story.[50]
  • In the Elseworlds 80-Page Giant, one of the stories is about Lex Luthor as a music producer. One of his groups is, as the press puts it, "alternative lifestyle folkies Ivy and Harley".[51]
  • On the new Earth-3, Harleen Quinzel is the Jokester's business manager and is killed by the Owlman.[52]
  • Harley appears in Batman/The Spirit. In this crossover, Harley is one of the many villains who helps try to take down the Batman and the Spirit. She initially appears disguised as a flight attendant.
  • In the 2008 graphic novel Joker, Harley Quinn appears as the Joker's helper and aide-de-camp. She at one point acts as a stripper (though this may be a ruse) and is never shown speaking.[53]
  • In the Ame-Comi Girls universe, Harley is partnered with the Catwoman and Poison Ivy as part of a trio of villains.
  • The Flashpoint version of Harley Quinn is named Yo-Yo. She was a henchwoman of the Joker, and the Batman chased her down to find the Joker's location, as she had kidnapped Judge Dent's children. He chased her to the ledge of the building around Crime Alley. Batman drops her off the roof, but she is luckily saved by Cyborg.[54]
  • In Batman '66, a version of Harley Quinn designed more around the 1960s television show (she is slightly taller and her hair is short; she also wears prominent slanted glasses, a long red dress and red blouse, large pearl necklace, and fairly prominent earrings) appears as Dr. Holly Quinn, PhD, a psychologist at Arkham Asylum, referred to as Arkham Institute for the Criminally Insane. She convinces the Joker to cooperate with Batman and Robin in exchange for approving his comedy night proposal.[5] Dr. Quinn is manipulated by the Catwoman and the Joker to perfect the Joker Wave — a hysteria-inducing transmitting dish used on Gotham. Quinn is devastated by her role in the plot and to atone for her mistake, Dr. Quinn reverses the device by submitting herself to its effects — freeing the people of Gotham, but sacrificing her sanity in the process. She escapes and becomes a supervillain named Harlequin, wearing a roller derby-inspired version of the classic Harley costume. She retains her considerable intelligence and psychological training, making her a difficult foe for the Dynamic Duo, but is eventually captured when Batman and Robin disguise themselves as criminals (Batman in his regular alternate guise of Matches Malone) who beat up other bad guys who were auditioning to be Holly's henchmen.[55]
  • Harley Quinn appears in the prequel comic to the game Injustice: Gods Among Us. She helps the Joker kidnap Lois Lane and surgically plant a trigger in her heart that will set off a nuclear bomb in Metropolis should her heart stop; when Superman accidentally kills her (thinking she is Doomsday) he becomes devastated, with the grieving Superman killing the Joker as a result. Harley struggles to come to terms with the Joker's death, but develops an attachment to the Green Arrow when he kidnaps her to protect her from Superman's wrath, but is also grief-stricken when he is killed by Superman. She later confronts the Black Canary, but hesitates upon realizing she is pregnant upon vomiting mid-battle and reveals to the Black Canary that she has a four-year-old daughter named Lucy who lives with her sister. Harley and the Canary befriend each other as a result and Harley starts helping Batman's Insurgency, though most members distrust her due to her lover's actions. In Injustice 2, she helps to fight Grodd's Society and Brainiac alongside the Black Canary, the Green Arrow and the other Justice League and Regime members. It is revealed in the ending that she later joins the Justice League as a fully accepted member, though she occasionally has to deal with her violent impulses. It is also revealed that her daughter thinks her mother is actually her Aunt Harley, though Harley hopes she may one day be able to tell her the truth.
  • In the Batman/Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles crossover, Harley is made into a mutant hyena by the Shredder. She is knocked out by the Batman in the final battle and Splinter uses her hammer to take down the rest of the Arkham inmates. After the Shredder is defeated, the mutagen in her system decays naturally, causing her and the rest of the mutated inmates to revert to normal.[56]
  • In Batman: White Knight, it is revealed that Harley Quinn was two different women all along. The first Harley Quinn, Harleen Quinzel, quit when the Joker captured and tortured Robin (Jason Todd), and she was replaced by another girl, Marian Drews, without the Joker even realizing it. Once the Joker was cured from his insanity, he proposes marriage to Harley, only for her to beat him and mock him for acting "normal". The original Harley Quinn then appears, kicks the "fake Harley" unconscious and reveals to Jack Napier (Joker's true identity in this continuity) that there were two Harleys all along. While Harleen loved the Joker "despite his flaws", Marian loved the Joker by "his flaws". She accepts his marriage proposal and joins him in his quest to rid Gotham City of the Batman. Drews then takes the mantle of the Joker for herself "until the real Joker returns".[57][58]
  • In DC Comics Bombshells, Harley fell in with the Joker (in this version, a gangster) after leaving Charm School, but left him when he began his journey into the occult. By the time of the events of the story, Harley is drawn to England by a voice she believes is the Joker, but turns out to be the Joker's Daughter. She rejects the Joker's Daughter's attempt to have the Joker resurrected in the body of Poison Ivy, instead beginning a relationship with Ivy herself.
  • In Batman: Damned Harley snaps after the Joker's mysterious death following a battle with Batman and performs surgery on herself and dressing herself to make her resemble the Joker. Harley leads the Joker's remaining henchman on a revenge mission, blowing up several buildings and taking over the GCPD building and defacing the Batsignal so that it resembles the Joker's smile. Batman arrives and defeats the henchman before Harley paralyzes him with a toxin, beats him with her baseball bat, and attempts to sexually abuse him. Batman is then possessed by the Enchantress, and strangles Harley against the Batsignal.[59]

In other media

Film

Live-action
  • Harley Quinn was initially set to appear in Batman Unchained, the fifth film planned for the original Batman film series.[60][61] She was to be featured as the Joker's (Jack Nicholson) daughter, who allies herself with the Scarecrow to get revenge on Batman for her father's death.[62] However, due to the critical and commercial failure of Batman & Robin, this film was cancelled.
  • The Batman: Arkham version of Harley makes a cameo appearance in the 2018 film Ready Player One in the Distracted Globe nightclub sequence.[63]
DC Extended Universe
Margot Robbie as Harley Quinn in Suicide Squad (2016).

Margot Robbie portrays Dr. Harleen Quinzel / Harley Quinn in the DC Extended Universe.[64]

  • The character debuted in the 2016 film Suicide Squad. Paul Dini, the creator of Harley Quinn, said that Robbie "nailed" her role.[65]
  • Harley Quinn appears in the 2020 spin-off film Birds of Prey, which Robbie also produced.
  • Harley Quinn will return in the upcoming 2021 sequel and soft-reboot of Suicide Squad.
  • Harley Quinn is set to feature in Gotham City Sirens alongside Catwoman and Poison Ivy, but this film is being paused at the moment.[66][67]

Animation

Television

Live-action
  • In 2002, a short-lived television series called Birds of Prey included Harley Quinn as a psychologist and the main antagonist, portrayed by actress Mia Sara. In this show, Harleen Quinzel uses her day job as a psychologist to achieve her hidden purpose: to take control of the city of New Gotham. She does not wear a costume, although she does wear an outfit that is reminiscent of her cartoon costume in the series finale "Devil's Eyes".
  • Harley Quinn makes a cameo appearance in the Arrow season two episode "Suicide Squad", voiced again by Tara Strong, while physically portrayed by Cassidy Alexa (credited as "Deranged Squad Female").[73][74] The series star Stephen Amell revealed in an interview that she was originally set to appear in the season two finale episode "Unthinkable", but was cut due to time.[75] The show's producer Andrew Kreisberg revealed that there were plans for the character to appear, but series actress Willa Holland stated that they had been axed due to the Suicide Squad film.[76][77]
  • A character loosely based on Harley Quinn named Ecco appears in the fourth and fifth seasons of Gotham, portrayed by Francesca Root-Dodson. Like Quinn, Ecco wears a black and red outfit, clown makeup and roller-skates, refers to other characters as "Puddin", and is completely devoted and infatuated with Jeremiah Valeska, the show's incarnation of the Joker.
  • In Riverdale, Harley Quinn's costume is worn by the character Toni Topaz (Vanessa Morgan) in the episode titled "Chapter Sixty-One: Halloween" as a reference to the comic book miniseries Harley & Ivy Meet Betty & Veronica.[78]

Animation

Web series
  • Harley Quinn had a co-starring role in the Gotham Girls webtoon voiced by Arleen Sorkin, in which she joins forces with Poison Ivy and Catwoman.
  • Harley Quinn appears in the Batman Black and White motion comics, voiced by Janyse Jaud.
  • Harley Quinn (credited as Harlequin) appears in the first episode of the web series Justice League: Gods and Monsters Chronicles, in which she kidnaps and mutilates an unknown number of people and makes toys and dolls out of the bodies. She fights the Batman after he frees her latest victim and ends up surrendering, only to be drained of her blood and possibly killed after the Batman reveals his fangs to her. She is voiced by Tara Strong reprising her role from the Arkham franchise.
  • Harley Quinn appears in the web series DC Super Hero Girls, in which she is a student at Super Hero High and the roommate of Wonder Woman. Unusually for the character, she is portrayed as a hero instead of a villain and has a mostly positive relationship with her superhero counterparts. She is once again voiced by Tara Strong.

Video games

DC Animated Universe games

DC Universe Online

Harley appears in the DC Universe Online video game, with Arleen Sorkin returning as her voice. Harley is the basic Legends PVP character granted to Villains without having to spend Marks of Legend. To date, this was the last time Arleen Sorkin voiced the character; as of 2016, Harley Quinn is now voiced by Jen Brown, starting with a DLC episode based on the Gotham City Sirens.

Lego series

Batman: Arkham series

Harley Quinn appears in the Batman: Arkham franchise. Arleen Sorkin initially reprises her role in the first game, whereas Tara Strong assumes the role for the remainder of the series.[88][89]

  • In Batman: Arkham Asylum, she dons a new costume based on a nurse uniform. She takes control of Arkham, allowing the Joker to escape, releases Poison Ivy from her cell and kidnaps Warden Quincy Sharp.
  • In Batman: Arkham City, she is shown wearing a biker-girl themed costume in this game, using a low-key version of her usual makeup, with heavy eye shadow in lieu of her domino mask.
    • Harley also appears in "Harley Quinn's Revenge" expansion, seeking revenge on the Batman for the death of the Joker. By this time, Harley has dyed her hair completely black and wears almost all black, with a "J" necklace and mourning veil.
  • Harley Quinn appears in Batman: Arkham City Lockdown, where she kidnaps a reporter to use as a hostage to free the Joker. After luring the Batman into a trap, she tries to execute the bound and gagged reporter, but is stopped by one of the Batman's batarangs. She is once again voiced by Tara Strong.
  • Dr. Harleen Quinzel, M.D. appears briefly in Batman: Arkham Origins before her transformation into Harley Quinn. She interviews the Joker at Blackgate Prison and falls in love with him after he confesses his fascination with someone who he considers special to him (the Batman). She later appears amongst the prison's other staff members held hostage by the Joker when he takes over the facility, but she is rescued by the Batman. Quinzel is last seen escorting the Joker to his cell after he is defeated by the Batman in the game's ending.
  • In the main story of Batman: Arkham Knight, it is revealed that in between the events of Arkham City and the current game, she has become a very competent gang leader, having recovered control of the Joker's former gang (including the members that were plotting to overthrow her or desert her) and has even become one of Gotham's main gang leaders, recruited by the Scarecrow in his plan to kill the Batman. She tries to break free and recruit the victims of the Joker's blood transfusion who were not affected by the cure, all of whom started to display traces of his appearance and behavior, but they all end up dead after she was betrayed by one of the Joker patients that was working with her.
    • Apart from the main game, she is a playable character via downloadable content that was once a pre-order exclusive. This content contains a story-driven mission, featuring her own weapons and abilities; it also includes four challenge maps for the character. In her mission, which takes place shortly before the main story, Harley breaks into the Blüdhaven prison to free Poison Ivy, defeating all police officers and, with Ivy's help, Nightwing.[90] At certain points, her Harleen and Harley personas are heard fighting for control of her body.
    • Harley appears, this time in her classic costume, in the Batgirl: A Matter of Family downloadable content story pack. Set before the events of Arkham Asylum, she serves as one of the two final bosses alongside the Joker, confronting Batgirl and Robin.
  • Harley appears as a playable character in the mobile game Batman: Arkham Underworld, voiced again by Tara Strong. She is unlocked after the player completes a mission for her, after which she will become playable, wielding a special pistol, grenades and a baseball bat, and can bring her pet hyenas into the field with her.

Injustice series
  • Harley Quinn appears as a playable fighter in Injustice: Gods Among Us, voiced by Tara Strong.[91] In the alternate universe depicted in the game, Quinn establishes the Joker Clan to honor the Clown Prince of Crime after he is murdered by Superman. She is part of Batman's Insurgency and is tempted in the story to revert to her older ways when an alternate Joker arrives in her dimension, until Lex Luthor manages to convince her that the Joker is manipulating her for his ends. In her arcade ending, she fatally slits the Joker's throat after a wedding gone wrong.[92]
  • Harley Quinn appears as a playable fighter in Injustice 2, with Tara Strong reprising her role.[93][94]

Batman: The Enemy Within

Harley Quinn appears in Batman: The Enemy Within (the sequel to Batman: The Telltale Series), voiced by Laura Post.[95] This version of Dr. Harleen Quinzel was driven insane following her father's long bout with mental illness and eventual suicide. Attempting to avoid her father's fate, she joins a criminal organisation called the Pact to steal a virus that will be able to cure her hereditary condition. This depiction initially reverses the dynamic between Harley and the Joker. Quinn manipulates and abuses her former patient at Arkham Asylum, named "John Doe", who is infatuated with her. As the series progresses, John's confidence will increase and, depending on the player's choices, he will either aid Bruce Wayne in capturing Quinn or transform into the traditional version of the Joker. In the latter outcome, Harley will become the Joker's girlfriend and the two use the virus to threaten Gotham City.

Other appearances
  • Harley Quinn appears in Infinite Crisis as a playable character, voiced by Tara Strong.[96]
  • Harley Quinn is among the villains summoned by Brainiac to retrieve Starites in Scribblenauts Unmasked.
  • Harley Quinn appears as a playable character in the mobile game, Suicide Squad: Special Ops, based on the film.
  • She appears as a playable character in DC Legends and DC Unchained.
  • In Mortal Kombat 11 she is used as DLC costume skin for Cassie Cage During the Kombat pack DLC released of The Terminator.

Novels

The name Harley Quinn first appears in Book II, Chapter I of James Joyce's famous 1939 book Finnegans Wake as part of the chapter's choreographer team Harley Quinn and Coollimbeina, an obvious reference to Harlequin and Columbina the 16th century commedia dell'arte characters.

Harley Quinn has her own novel adaptation from comics as part of the DC Comic Novels series. Mad Love was released in November 2018 and written by Pat Cardigan and original co-creator Paul Dini and published by Titan Books.

The Refrigerator Monologues

Harley Quinn is recast as Pauline Ketch, one of the six women who share their stories in the Hell Hath club. She is openly contemptuous of the other women, claiming that her "Mr. Punch" (Joker) will rescue her one day. She hates Grimdark (Batman) for what she sees as causing gentrification in Gigonol (Gotham) and the fact that his no-kill rule often leads to lifetime crippling and manslaughter. Pauline started out as the neglected daughter of a wealthy man who burned her house and other rich houses to the ground. After being caught by Grimdark, she is incarcerated in Sarkaman Asylum, claiming that she only got of prison due to her father's wealth. There, she becomes fascinated by the comatose Mr. Punch, who has bright yellow hair, red eyes, and is covered in burn scars. Pauline cozies up to a nurse so she can dress in an official and "help out" delivering meds, allowing her to grow closer to Mr. Punch. Pauline pretends to Mr. Punch's psychologist, and he gives her the nickname "Pretty Paulie." She starts to give Mr. Punch fewer meds than before (it turns out that they never affected him in the first place), before finally revealing that she knows Grimdark's name, having encountered him at society balls in his civilian identity before he captured her.

Satisfied that she has Punch's attention, Pauline reveals her identity and they escape Sarkaman together. Pauline forces Mr. Punch to keep her around as his partner-in-crime by withholding Grimdark's name, relishing his abuse and the havoc they wreak. Mr. Punch is unable to have sex with her, possibly because of his lust for Grimdark, requiring them to use an elaborately carved sex toy. When Pauline finally reveals Grimdark's name, she and Mr. Punch have an enthusiastic night of genuine sex before he drowns he in the bathtub. As she tells her story, Pauline briefly returns to reality and realizes Mr. Punch was only using her, only to escape back into her delusions immediately afterward. However, later on in the story, she is shown to be having a quiet relationship with Bayou (Mera) suggesting that hope is not lost for her.[97]

Reception

Harley Quinn has become one of DC Comics' most popular characters.[98] The 2016 relaunch of her comic shipped more copies than any other DC Rebirth title and was one of the best-selling comics of the year.[99] DC Comics co-publisher Jim Lee refers to Harley Quinn as the fourth pillar in their publishing line, behind Superman, Batman, and Wonder Woman.[100] Harley Quinn currently stars in four separate ongoing series — three eponymous titles and Suicide Squad. Only Batman and Superman have comparable numbers of monthly appearances, making Harley DC Comics' most prominent and profitable female character.[100] Kevin Kiniry, vice-president of DC Collectibles, says Harley Quinn is always a top-seller and that she "can go toe-to-toe with Batman and the Joker as one of the most fan-requested and sought-after characters."[100] In 2016, Harley Quinn's Halloween costume ranked as the most popular costume in both the United States and the United Kingdom and it remains a popular subject for cosplay.[101][102] To celebrate the character, DC Comics declared the month of February to be Harley Quinn Month and published 22 Harley Quinn variant covers across their line of comic books.[103] IGN's 2009 list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time ranked Harley Quinn as #45.[104] She was ranked 16th in Comics Buyer's Guide's 2011 "100 Sexiest Women in Comics" list.[105]

Harley Quinn has been interpreted as having dependent personality disorder, as well as showing typically villainous antisocial behavior.[106][107] Kate Roddy describes Harley Quinn as an "ambitious career woman who gives up her autonomy to become an abused sidekick" and discusses fan responses to the character.[12] Margot Robbie stated "there could be elements of manic depression, definitely PTSD thing. Loves to analyze people and someone like the Huntress who has massive childhood trauma that's just like, that's so exciting to her... Oh I want to get in their brain and pick it apart!"[108]

Chris Sims describes the approach of Batman: The Animated Series as showing "a version of the character who is having adventures right now" and regards that choice as being a key part of Harley Quinn's production. Chris Sims describes her as the Joker's Robin.[109]

Collected editions

Harley Quinn (2000–2004)
Vol. # Title Material Collected Pages Publication Date ISBN
1 Preludes and Knock Knock Jokes Harley Quinn vol. 1 #1–7 192 December 2007 978-1401216573
2 Night and Day Harley Quinn vol. 1 #8–13 and Harley Quinn: Our Worlds at War 190 June 2013 978-1401240417
3 Welcome to Metropolis Harley Quinn vol. 1 #14–25 288 March 2014 978-1401245955
4 Vengeance Unlimited Harley Quinn vol. 1 #26–38 314 September 2014 978-1401250683
The Deluxe Edition
1 Harley Quinn By Karl Kesel And Terry Dodson: The Deluxe Edition Book One Harley Quinn vol. 1 #1–8 224 September 2017 978-1401276423
2 Harley Quinn By Karl Kesel And Terry Dodson: The Deluxe Edition Book Two Harley Quinn vol. 1 #9–19 288 November 2018 978-1401285098

The New 52 Harley Quinn (2014–2017)
Vol. # Title Material Collected Pages Publication Date ISBN
1 Hot In The City Harley Quinn vol. 2 #0–8 224 October 2014 978-1401254155
2 Power Outage Harley Quinn vol. 2 #9–13, Harley Quinn Futures End #1, Harley Quinn Invades Comic-Con International San Diego and material from Secret Origin #4 208 April 2015 978-1401257637
3 Kiss Kiss Bang Stab Harley Quinn vol. 2 #14–16, Annual #1, Harley Quinn Holiday Special #1 and Harley Quinn Valentine's Special #1 168 December 2015 978-1401262525
Harley Quinn and Power Girl Harley Quinn and Power Girl #1–6 152 March 2016 978-1401259747
4 A Call to Arms Harley Quinn vol. 2 #17–21 and Harley Quinn Road Trip Special #1 176 June 2016 978-1401269296
5 The Joker's Last Laugh Harley Quinn vol. 2 #22–25 and Harley Quinn: Be Careful What You Wish For 144 September 2016 978-1401271992
6 Black, White and Red All Over Harley Quinn vol. 2 #26–30 144 January 2017 978-1401272593
Harley Quinn and Her Gang of Harleys Harley Quinn and Her Gang of Harleys #1–6 152 February 2017 978-1401267858
Harley's Little Black Book Harley's Little Black Book #1–6 256 August 2017 978-1401269760

DC Rebirth Harley Quinn (2017–2018)
Vol. # Title Material Collected Pages Publication Date ISBN
1 Die Laughing Harley Quinn vol. 3 #1–7 168 March 2017 978-1401268312
2 Joker Loves Harley Harley Quinn vol. 3 #8–13 144 June 2017 978-1401270957
3 Red Meat Harley Quinn vol. 3 #14–21 168 September 2017 978-1401273699
4 Surprise, Surprise Harley Quinn vol. 3 #22–27 and Harley Quinn 25th Anniversary Special 168 January 2018 978-1401275266
5 Vote Harley Harley Quinn vol. 3 #28–34 168 May 2018 978-1401278823
6 Angry Bird Harley Quinn vol. 3 #35–42 192 August 2018 978-1401281526
The Deluxe Edition
1 Harley Quinn: The Rebirth Deluxe Edition Book 1 Harley Quinn vol. 3 #1–13 304 September 2017 978-1401273682
2 Harley Quinn: The Rebirth Deluxe Edition Book 2 Harley Quinn vol. 3 #14–27 and Harley Quinn 25th Anniversary Special 384 July 2018 978-1401280659
3 Harley Quinn: The Rebirth Deluxe Edition Book 3 Harley Quinn vol. 3 #28–42 392 January 2019 978-1401285531

DC Universe Harley Quinn (2018–present)
Vol. # Title Material Collected Pages Publication Date ISBN
1 Harley vs. Apokolips Harley Quinn vol. 3 #43–49 168 December 2018 978-1401285074
Harley Loves Joker Harley Loves Joker #1–2 and back stories from Harley Quinn vol. 3 #17–25 128 December 2018 978-1401283490
2 Harley Destroys the Universe Harley Quinn vol. 3 #50–54 and #56 160 April 2019 978-1401288099
Old Lady Harley Harley Quinn vol. 3 #42 and Old Lady Harley #1–5 152 July 2019 978-1401292164
3 The Trials of Harley Quinn Harley Quinn vol. 3 #55 and #57–63 208 October 2019 978-1401291914
4 The Final Trial Harley Quinn vol. 3 #64–69 and Harley Quinn: Villain of the Year #1 208 March 2020 978-1401294557

Harley Quinn Omnibus
Title Material Collected Pages Publication Date ISBN
Harley Quinn Omnibus By Amanda Conner and Jimmy Palmiotti 1 Harley Quinn vol. 2 #0–16, Annual #1, Harley Quinn: Futures End #1, Harley Quinn Invades Comic-Con International San Diego, Harley Quinn Holiday Special #1, Harley Quinn Valentine's Special #1, Harley Quinn and Power Girl #1–6 and material from Secret Origin #4 768 September 2017 978-1401276430
Harley Quinn Omnibus By Amanda Conner and Jimmy Palmiotti 2 Harley Quinn vol. 2 #17–30, Harley Quinn Road Trip Special #1, Harley Quinn: Be Careful What You Wish For Special Edition, Harley Quinn and Her Gang of Harleys #1–6 and Harley's Little Black Book #1–6 864 October 2018 978-1401284565
Harley Quinn Omnibus By Amanda Conner and Jimmy Palmiotti 3 Harley Quinn vol. 3 #1–34 and Harley Quinn 25th Anniversary Special 800 October 2019 978-1401294465

Harley Quinn One-shots and Limited Series
Title Material Collected Pages Publication Date ISBN
Harleen Harleen #1–3 200 February 2020 978-1779501110
Harley Quinn: Breaking Glass Original Graphic Novels Harley Quinn: Breaking Glass 208 September 2019 978-1401283292
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See also

References
  1. Barba, Shelley E.; Perrin, Joy M., eds. (2017). The Ascendance of Harley Quinn: Essays on DC's Enigmatic Villain. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. p. 204. ISBN 978-1476665238.
  2. Gitlin, Martin; Wos, Joe (2018). A Celebration of Animation: The 100 Greatest Cartoon Characters in Television History. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 114. ISBN 978-1630762780.
  3. https://theplaylist.net/harley-quinn-trailer-20191112/
  4. https://www.criticalhit.net/entertainment/birds-of-prey-101-how-harley-quinn-became-dcs-favourite-maiden-of-mischief/
  5. Batman '66 #3. DC Comics
  6. Michael Eury (ed.), Back Issue #99, TwoMorrows Publishing, 2017, p. 69, "Before she was Harley Quinn, she was the Joker's psychiatrist. ... Mad Love revealed that Harley Quinn was once Harleen Quinzel, winner of a gymnastics scholarship to Gotham State University. Pursuing a degree by romancing her way through her professors, Quinzel planned to become a pop doctor until an internship at Arkham Asylum introduced her to the Joker."
  7. "DC DESIGNER SERIES". DC Comics.
  8. Goodfriend, Wind (July 30, 2016). "Mad Love: Personality Disorders in Harley Quinn & the Joker". Psychology Today. New York City: Sussex Publishers. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
  9. "Joker's Favor". Batman: The Animated Series. Season 1. September 11, 1992. Fox.
  10. Jankiewicz, Pat. "Quinn-tessentials. Arleen Sorkin gets a kick out of being the Joker's wench". Starlog. Harley's Haven. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  11. Dini, Paul; Chip, Kidd (1998). Batman Animated. New York City: HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-06-107327-4.
  12. Roddy, Kate Ellen (2011). "Masochist or machiavel? Reading Harley Quinn in canon and fanon". Transformative Works and Cultures. 8 (8). doi:10.3983/twc.2011.0259.
  13. Goldstein, Hilary (May 24, 2005). "The Batman Adventures: Mad Love Review". IGN. Los Angeles, California: j2 Global. Retrieved July 15, 2018.
  14. "Will Eisner Comic Industry Award Nominees and Winners". Comic Book Awards Almanac. The Hahn Library. 1994.
  15. Dini, Paul (w), Lopez, David (p), March, Guillem (i), Morey, Tomeau (col), Wands, Steve (let), DiDeo, Dan (ed). "Holiday Story" Gotham City Sirens 7 (December 23, 2009), New York City: DC Comics, ISBN 978-1-4012-2245-1
  16. Dini, Paul (w), Murakami, Glenn (p), Timm, Bruce (i), Taylor, Rick & Goldberg, Stan (col), Harkins, Tim (let), Peterson, Scott (ed). "Mad Love" The Batman Adventures (February 1994), New York City: DC Comics, ISBN 978-1-4012-2245-1
  17. Poison Ivy: Cycle of Life and Death #1. DC Comics
  18. Suicide Squad #7 (May 2012). DC Comics
  19. Goldstein, Hilary (May 24, 2005). "Batman: Harley Quinn Review". IGN. Retrieved August 12, 2016.
  20. Cowsill, Alan (2010). "2000s". In Dolan, Hannah (ed.). DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle. London, England: Dorling Kindersley. p. 297. ISBN 978-0-7566-6742-9. Written by Karl Kesel and drawn by Terry Dodson, the double-sized first issue dealt with Harley's twisted relationship with the Joker.
  21. Gotham City Sirens #20–23. DC Comics
  22. Gotham City Sirens #24 (June 2011). DC Comics
  23. Gotham City Sirens #25 (July 2011). DC Comics
  24. Gotham City Sirens #26 (August 2011). DC Comics
  25. Suicide Squad #6 (February 2012). DC Comics
  26. Batman#13 (October 2012). DC Comics
  27. Phegley, Kiel (July 16, 2013). "CCI EXCLUSIVE: Conner & Palmiotti Launch "Harley Quinn" Monthly". Comic Book Resources.
  28. Campbell, Josie (July 21, 2013). "SDCC: DiDio and Lee Head DC's Meet The Co-Publishers". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved July 22, 2013.
  29. Harley Quinn Vol. 2 #1-10. DC Comics.
  30. Narcisse, Evan (June 12, 2015). "DC Comics: Harley Quinn & Poison Ivy Are Girlfriends "Without Monogamy"". Kotaku. Los Angeles, California: Univision Communication. Retrieved July 15, 2018.
  31. Harley Quinn #11–13 (October–December 2014). DC Comics
  32. Harley Quinn #14 (February 2015). DC Comics
  33. Harley Quinn #15 (March 2015). DC Comics
  34. Harley Quinn #16-19 (June–August 2015)
  35. Harley Quinn Annual #1 (October 2014). DC Comics
  36. Harley Quinn Valentines Day Special #1 (Feb 2015). DC Comics
  37. "Future's End: Harley Quinn" (2014). DC Comics
  38. "CONNER, PALMIOTTI Talk HARLEY QUINN, June POWER GIRL Spin-Off, Female Readers".
  39. Harley Quinn and Power Girl (July 2015). DC Comics.
  40. Cronin, Brian (December 18, 2016). "Harley Quinn and Poison Ivy: A History". Comic Book Resources.
  41. "Amanda Conner and Jimmy Palmiotti Say Goodbye to Harley Quinn... if Harley Will Let Them". www.bleedingcool.com. Retrieved June 18, 2019.
  42. "Break into comics with Harley Quinn!". DC Comics. Retrieved January 10, 2015.
  43. Sieczkowski, Cavan (September 12, 2013). "Awful Comic Contest Asks For Drawings of Naked Woman Committing Suicide". The Huffington Post.
  44. Callie Beusman. "DC Comics Contest: Draw a Naked Woman Committing Suicide". Jezebel. Retrieved January 10, 2015.
  45. Johnston, Rich (October 6, 2017). "The End Of DC Rebirth Announced At New York Comic-Con". bleedingcool. Retrieved March 11, 2018.
  46. Bonthuys, Darryn (December 1, 2017). "The Rebirth era is over, as a new direction begins in DC Universe". criticalhit. Retrieved March 11, 2018.
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Further reading
  • Langley, Travis (2012). Batman and Psychology: A Dark and Stormy Knight. New York City, New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-16765-6.
  • Weiner, Robert G.; Peaslee, Robert Moses (2015). The Joker: A Serious Study of the Clown Prince of Crime. University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1628462388.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Barba, Shelley E.; Perrin, Joy M. (2017). The Ascendance of Harley Quinn: Essays on DC's Enigmatic Villain. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-1476665238.
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