HLA-A26

HLA-A26 (A26) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α26 subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A26, the alpha "A" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*26 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus.[1] This group currently is dominated by A*2601. A26 and A*26 are almost synonymous in meaning. A26 is a split antigen of the broad antigen serotype A10. A26 is a sister serotype of A25, A34, A43, and A66.

Further information: History and naming of human leukocyte antigens
HLA-A26
(MHC Class I, A cell surface antigen)
HLA-A26
About
Proteintransmembrane receptor/ligand
Structureαβ heterodimer
SubunitsHLA-A*2601, β2-microglobulin
Older namesA10
Subtypes
Subtype
allele
Available structures
A26.1 *2601
{{{cNick2}}} *26{{{cAllele2}}}
{{{cNick3}}} *26{{{cAllele3}}}
{{{cNick4}}} *26{{{cAllele4}}}
Rare alleles
Subtype
allele
Available structures
A26.2 *2602
A26.4 *2603
- *2605
Alleles link-out to IMGT/HLA database at EBI

A26 is more common in West Pacific Rim (Taiwan to Hokkaido).

Serotype
A26 recognition of some HLA A*26 gene products[2]
A*26 A26 A10 Sample
allele%% size (N)
*26019721730
*2602810  31
*2603688  38
*2605900  10

A26 reasonably good serotyping with no overt false recognition..

Distribution
HLA A*2601 frequencies
Study populationFreq.
 (in %)[3]
Taiwan Taroko21.8
Taiwan Bunun19.3
Japan Ainu Hokkaido17.0
Taiwan Rukai14.0
USA Hawaii Okinawa12.4
Georgia Tibilisi Kurds11.7
Pakistan Baloch10.3
Oman10.2
Pakistan Burusho9.8
Pakistan Karachi Parsi8.3
China Beijing8.2
Pakistan Sindhi8.2
Japan Central8.1
Pakistan Brahui8.0
Taiwan Atayal8.0
India New Delhi7.6
Bulgaria7.3
PNG New Britain Rabaul7.3
Taiwan Hakka6.4
Georgia Svaneti Svans6.3
Pakistan Pathan6.1
American Samoa6.0
South Korea (3)6.0
Israel Arab Druse5.5
Croatia5.3
Taiwan Saisiat4.9
Taiwan Tsou4.9
Cape Verde Northwestern I…4.8
China Tibetan4.7
China Qinghai Hui4.5
Iran Baloch4.5
Russia Tuva (2)4.5
France South East4.3
Portugal North4.3
Senegal Niokholo Mandenka4.3
USA Caucasian (2)4.2
India Andhra Pradesh Goll…4.0
Taiwan Paiwan3.9
USA Hispanic3.9
Romanian3.8
Jordan Amman3.5
Saudi Arabia Guraiat and …3.5
China Inner Mongolia3.4
Georgia Tibilisi Georgian…3.3
USA Asian3.2
Guinea Bissau3.1
Ireland South3.0
Singapore Javanese Indone…3.0
Taiwan Puyuma3.0
Czech Republic2.8
Taiwan Pazeh2.7
Brazil2.5
PNG Madang2.5
Mexico Guadalajara Mestiz…2.4
Mexico Mestizos2.4
Singapore Chinese Han2.3
Australia New South Wales2.2
China Yunnan Lisu2.2
Burkina Faso Rimaibe2.1
Cameroon Beti2.0
China Guangzhou2.0
Portugal South2.0
Singapore Riau Malay2.0
South Africa Natal Tamil2.0
Taiwan Siraya2.0
USA African Americans (2)2.0
India North Hindus1.9
Ireland Northern1.8
Sudanese1.8
Cameroon Yaounde1.7
India North Delhi1.7
Pakistan Kalash1.7
Taiwan Thao1.7
China South Han1.6
USA North American Native…1.6
Zimbabwe Harare Shona1.6
Uganda Kampala1.5
Mongolia Buriat1.4
Thailand1.4
New Caledonia1.2
Zambia Lusaka1.2
Finland1.1
Ch. Guangdong Meizhou H…1.0
Allele frequencies presented, only
HLA A*2602 frequencies
Study populationFreq.
 (in %)[3]
Japan Central2.3
USA North American Native…1.6
Japan (5)1.3
Japan Okinawa Ryukyuan1.1
Pakistan Brahui0.6
South Korea (3)0.6
USA San Antonio Caucasian…0.6
Azores Terceira Island0.4
USA Asian0.4
Beijing Shijiazhuang Tian…0.1
Allele frequencies presented, only
HLA A*2603 frequencies
Study populationFreq.
 (in %)[3]
USA Hawaii Okinawa8.6
Japan Okinawa Ryukyuan2.8
Japan Central2.4
Japan Ainu Hokkaido2.0
Japan (5)1.3
India North Delhi1.1
South Korea (3)1.0
Spain Basque Gipuzkoa Pro…0.5
China Tibetan0.3
Romanian0.3
USA African Americans pop…0.3
Allele frequencies presented, only

Disease associations

A26 Serotype is associated with adult T-cell leukemia in Japanese.[4][5]

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References
  1. Arce-Gomez B, Jones EA, Barnstable CJ, Solomon E, Bodmer WF (February 1978). "The genetic control of HLA-A and B antigens in somatic cell hybrids: requirement for beta2 microglobulin". Tissue Antigens. 11 (2): 96–112. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1978.tb01233.x. PMID 77067.
  2. Allele Query Form IMGT/HLA - European Bioinformatics Institute
  3. Middleton D, Menchaca L, Rood H, Komerofsky R (2003). "New allele frequency database: http://www.allelefrequencies.net". Tissue Antigens. 61 (5): 403–7. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00062.x. PMID 12753660.
  4. Nomura K, Utsunomiya A, Furushou H, Tara M, Hazeki M, Tokunaga M, Uozumi K, Hanada S, Yashiki S, Tajima K, Sonoda S (2006). "A family predisposition to adult T-cell leukemia". J Clin Exp Hematop. 46 (2): 67–71. doi:10.3960/jslrt.46.67. PMID 17142956.
  5. Yashiki S, Fujiyoshi T, Arima N, Osame M, Yoshinaga M, Nagata Y, Tara M, Nomura K, Utsunomiya A, Hanada S, Tajima K, Sonoda S (2001). "HLA-A*26, HLA-B*4002, HLA-B*4006, and HLA-B*4801 alleles predispose to adult T cell leukemia: the limited recognition of HTLV type 1 tax peptide anchor motifs and epitopes to generate anti-HTLV type 1 tax CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes". AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 17 (11): 1047–61. doi:10.1089/088922201300343735. PMID 11485622.
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