GO Transit rail services

GO Transit rail services are provided throughout the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) and the Greater Golden Horseshoe.[1] The GO Transit rail fleet consists of 75 MPI MP40 locomotives and 678 Bombardier BiLevel Coaches.[2]

A locomotive, coach and cab car currently used by GO Transit.
Previous locomotives and coaches used by GO Transit.

GO Transit started on May 23, 1967, running single-deck trains powered by diesel locomotives in push-pull configuration on a single rail line along Lake Ontario's shoreline.[3][4] When GO trains began operation, they ran on tracks mostly owned the two major freight railways of Canada: Canadian National Railway (CN) and Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR). Over time, GO Transit (and subsequently Metrolinx) have acquired tracks, ensuring GO Transit has control over track maintenance and expansion. Metrolinx currently owns 80% of the GO's rail corridors.[5]

All GO Transit fares are calculated by the fare zones that the origin and destination of the trip are in, as well as by passenger category (adult, student, senior or child). GO train fares are not differentiated based whether or not buses are used for part of the trip.[2][6]

Lines and stations
Corridor Station Code Location Coordinates Platforms Parking Fare Zone
  All Union Station UN 65 Front Street, Toronto43°38′44″N 79°22′46″W 1702
  Lakeshore West Exhibition EX 100 Manitoba Drive, Toronto43°38′09″N 79°25′09″W 202
Mimico MI 315 Royal York Road, Toronto43°36′59″N 79°29′50″W 43303
Long Branch LO 20 Brow Drive, Toronto43°35′31″N 79°32′44″W 3493
Port Credit PO 30 Queen Street East, Mississauga43°33′20″N 79°35′15″W 394611
Clarkson CL 1110 Southdown Road, Mississauga43°30′46″N 79°38′02″W 3319912
Oakville OA 214 Cross Avenue, Oakville43°27′17″N 79°40′58″W 4433413
Bronte BO 2104 Wyecroft Road, Oakville43°25′02″N 79°43′19″W 3276414
Appleby AP 5111 Fairview Street, Burlington43°22′45″N 79°45′40″W 3296415
Burlington BU 2101 Fairview Street, Burlington43°20′29″N 79°48′33″W 3210516
Aldershot AL 1199 Waterdown Road, Burlington43°18′46″N 79°51′19″W 4168917
Hamilton HA 36 Hunter Street East, Hamilton43°15′11″N 79°52′09″W 2018
West Harbour WR 353 James Street North, Hamilton43°15′56″N 79°51′55″W 24618
St. Catharines SCTH 5 Great Western Street, St. Catharines43°08′52″N 79°15′20″W 1083
Niagara Falls NI 4267 Bridge Street, Niagara Falls43°06′32″N 79°03′49″W 1084
    Lakeshore East
Stouffville		 Danforth DA 213 Main Street, Toronto43°41′12″N 79°17′58″W 306
Scarborough SC 3615 St Clair Avenue East, Toronto43°43′01″N 79°15′18″W 36266
  Lakeshore East Eglinton EG 2995 Eglinton Avenue East, Toronto43°44′22″N 79°13′56″W 28366
Guildwood GU 4105 Kingston Road, Toronto43°45′18″N 79°11′53″W 314378
Rouge Hill RO 6251 Lawrence Avenue East, Toronto43°46′49″N 79°07′49″W 214079
Pickering PIN 1322 Bayly Street, Pickering43°49′52″N 79°05′09″W 3358991
Ajax AJ 100 Westney Road South, Ajax43°50′54″N 79°02′30″W 2164492
Whitby WH 1350 Brock Street South, Whitby43°51′53″N 78°56′17″W 2393093
Oshawa OS 915 Bloor Street West, Oshawa43°52′15″N 78°53′05″W 2264394
  Milton Kipling KP 27 St Albans Road, Toronto43°38′09″N 79°32′14″W 203
Dixie DI 2445 Dixie Road, Mississauga43°36′28″N 79°34′39″W 193611
Cooksville CO 3210 Hurontario Street, Mississauga43°35′00″N 79°37′26″W 1167511
Erindale ER 1320 Rathburn Road West, Mississauga43°34′08″N 79°40′08″W 2220112
Streetsville SR 45 Thomas Street, Mississauga43°34′34″N 79°42′31″W 2154021
Meadowvale ME 6845 Millcreek Drive, Mississauga43°35′52″N 79°45′15″W 1201022
Lisgar LS 3250 Argentia Road, Mississauga43°35′26″N 79°47′18″W 179223
Milton ML 780 Main Street East, Milton43°31′24″N 79°52′01″W 1156724
  Kitchener Bloor BL 1456 Bloor Street West, Toronto43°39′29″N 79°27′03″W 302
Weston WE 1865 Weston Road, Toronto43°42′01″N 79°30′48″W 32954
Etobicoke North ET 1949 Kipling Avenue, Toronto43°42′23″N 79°33′45″W 16874
Malton MA 3060 Derry Road East, Mississauga43°42′18″N 79°38′18″W 377931
Bramalea BE 1713 Steeles Avenue, Brampton43°42′06″N 79°41′28″W 3237732
Brampton BR 27 Church Street West, Brampton43°41′12″N 79°45′53″W 293333
Mount Pleasant MO 1600 Bovaird Drive West, Brampton43°40′30″N 79°49′22″W 3111634
Georgetown GE 55 Queen Street, Georgetown43°39′20″N 79°55′07″W 462535
Acton AC 39 Eastern Avenue, Acton43°38′02″N 80°02′04″W 14537
Guelph GL 79 Carden Street, Guelph43°32′41″N 80°14′47″W 11239
Kitchener KI 126 Weber Street West, Kitchener43°27′20″N 80°29′36″W 1027
  Barrie Downsview Park DW 1212 Sheppard Avenue West, Toronto43°45′14″N 79°28′42″W 1019
York University YO 595-A Canarctic Drive, Toronto 43°46′44″N 79°29′00″W 1 0 19
Rutherford RU 699 Westburne Drive, Vaughan43°50′18″N 79°29′54″W 197061
Maple MP 30 Station Street, Vaughan43°51′34″N 79°30′26″W 1131961
King City KC 7 Station Road, King City43°55′12″N 79°31′37″W 155562
Aurora AU 121 Wellington Street East, Aurora44°00′03″N 79°27′36″W 1146263
Newmarket NE 465 Davis Drive, Newmarket44°03′39″N 79°27′37″W 126564
East Gwillimbury EA 845 Green Lane East, East Gwillimbury44°04′40″N 79°27′19″W 164644
Bradford BD 300 Holland Street East, Bradford44°07′02″N 79°33′22″W 235965
Barrie South BA 833 Yonge Street, Barrie44°21′04″N 79°37′39″W 161968
Allandale Waterfront AD 24 Essa Road, Barrie44°22′29″N 79°41′19″W 116069
  Richmond Hill Oriole OR 3300 Leslie Street, Toronto43°45′55″N 79°21′53″W 12955
Old Cummer OL 5760 Leslie Street, Toronto43°47′33″N 79°22′16″W 14665
Langstaff LA 10 Red Maple Road, Richmond Hill43°50′18″N 79°25′24″W 1113760
Richmond Hill RI 6 Newkirk Road, Richmond Hill43°52′30″N 79°25′36″W 1232461
Gormley GO 1650 Stouffville Road, Richmond Hill43°56′27″N 79°23′53″W 185062
  Stouffville Kennedy KE 2467 Eglinton Avenue East, Toronto43°43′56″N 79°15′45″W 1077
Agincourt AG 4100 Sheppard Avenue East, Toronto43°47′08″N 79°17′02″W 13427
Milliken MK 39 Redlea Avenue, Toronto43°49′24″N 79°18′06″W 166570
Unionville UI 155 YMCA Boulevard, Markham43°51′06″N 79°18′53″W 1162071
Centennial CE 320 Bullock Drive, Markham43°52′25″N 79°17′22″W 145172
Markham MR 214 Main Street North, Markham43°52′58″N 79°15′45″W 241372
Mount Joy MJ 1801 Bur Oak Avenue, Markham43°54′01″N 79°15′47″W 1133373
Stouffville ST 6176 Main Street, Stouffville43°58′17″N 79°15′00″W 124374
Lincolnville LI 6840 Bethesda Road, Stouffville43°59′41″N 79°14′04″W 156774

History

GO Transit rail service began on May 23, 1967, on a single rail line along Lake Ontario's shoreline.[3][4] GO Train service ran throughout the day from Oakville to Pickering with limited rush hour train service to Hamilton. This line, now divided as the Lakeshore East and Lakeshore West lines is the keystone corridor of GO Transit, and continued to be its only rail line for its first seven years of operation.[3] GO's other five lines were opened between 1974 and 1982, significantly expanding the rail network from 86 to 332 kilometres long, and from 16 to 43 stations.

To that point, all of GO's rail services ran on tracks mostly owned by the two major freight railways of Canada: Canadian National Railway (CN) and Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR).[5] in 1988, a small but significant milestone in network growth occurred when it expanded its Lakeshore East line on new track it built by itself. But following that, the network experienced two long distance extensions to southern Barrie and Guelph in 1990, only to have those extensions reversed three years later. GO did extend its Lakeshore East line again in 1995 from Whitby to Oshawa, finishing that line as it exists today.

The reach of GO's network remained relatively unchanged between 1996 and 2005. However, seven new infill stations were opened along the Bradford and Stouffville lines. This coincided with GO's initial purchases of the rail corridors it operated on, taking ownership of the entire Stouffville line past Scarborough station, and most of the Barrie line north of the Toronto border. In addition, GO took control of the critical Union Station Rail Corridor, which all GO trains on all lines used. By the end of 2005, GO owned over a third of its rail network.

From 2007 to 2017, GO's network saw six extensions, requiring the Bradford line to be renamed as the "Barrie line", and the Georgetown line to "Kitchener line." These long distance extensions, along with the other extensions on the Lakeshore West, Richmond Hill and Stouffville lines, expanded GO's network length by 29%. Six critical corridor purchases were also made, tripling its length of owned corridors and bringing its ownership percentage to over 80%. Finally, 10 new stations were added, one of which coincided with the opening of the Toronto-York Spadina Subway Extension, creating a new interchange between GO and the TTC subway.

Corridor Date Stations Length Track Ownership Note
    Lakeshore (unified
West and East)		 1967-05-23 16 86.4 kilometres (53.7 mi) 0 kilometres (0.0 mi) 0% Initial service.
1968-04-26 15 Lorne Park station closed.
1968-11-09 16 Exhibition opened.
  Georgetown 1974-04-29 22 134.4 kilometres (83.5 mi) New line opened.
1974-12-01 23 Etobicoke North opened.
  Richmond Hill 1978-05-01 27 168.6 kilometres (104.8 mi) New line opened.
  Milton 1981-10-26 34 219.0 kilometres (136.1 mi) New line opened.
    Bradford
Stouffville		 1982-09-07 44 332.0 kilometres (206.3 mi) New lines opened.
  Lakeshore West 1988-09-19 45 Appleby opened.
  Lakeshore East 1988-12-04 47 346.3 kilometres (215.2 mi) 14.3 kilometres (8.9 mi) 4.1% Service extended to Whitby over newly-constructed GO subdivision.
  Bradford 1990-09-17 48 375.1 kilometres (233.1 mi) 3.8% Service extended to Barrie.
  Georgetown 1990-10-29 49 406.4 kilometres (252.5 mi) 3.5% Service extended to Guelph.
  Lakeshore West 1992-05-25 50 Aldershot opened.
    Bradford
Georgetown		 1993-07-05 48 346.3 kilometres (215.2 mi) 4.1% Service cut from Barrie and Guelph.
  Lakeshore East 1995-01-09 49 350.6 kilometres (217.9 mi) 18.7 kilometres (11.6 mi) 5.3% GO subdivision and service extended to Oshawa.
  Lakeshore West 1996-04-29 351.6 kilometres (218.5 mi) Hamilton service shifted to Hamilton GO Centre.
  Milton 1997-03-31 23.7 kilometres (14.7 mi) 6.7% Galt subdivision purchased from CPR between West Toronto Diamond and Union Station.
  Bradford 1999-04-30 33.2 kilometres (20.6 mi) 9.5% Newmarket subdivision purchased from CN north of East Gwillimbury.
  USRC 2000-06-07 52.1 kilometres (32.4 mi) 14.8% Union Station Rail Corridor purchased from Toronto Terminals Railway.
  Stouffville 2001 84.2 kilometres (52.3 mi) 24.0% Uxbridge subdivision purchased from CN (Scarborough - Uxbridge).
  Bradford 2001-01-07 50 Rutherford opened.
2002-01-16 122.0 kilometres (75.8 mi) 34.7% Newmarket subdivision purchased from CN between East Gwillimbury and Davenport Diamond.
  Stouffville 2002-09-03 51 Centennial opened.
  Bradford 2002-09-06 52 York University opened.
  Stouffville 2002-12-02 53 Mount Joy opened.
  Bradford 2004-11-01 54 East Gwillimbury opened.
  Georgetown 2005-02-07 55 Mount Pleasant opened.
  Stouffville 2005-06-02 56 Kennedy opened.
  Milton 2007-09-04 57 Lisgar opened.
  Barrie 2007-12-17 58 380.5 kilometres (236.4 mi) 150.8 kilometres (93.7 mi) 39.6% Service extended to Barrie South, line renamed.
  Stouffville 2008-09-02 59 383.0 kilometres (238.0 mi) 153.3 kilometres (95.3 mi) 40.0% Service extended to Lincolnville.
  Georgetown 2009-04-08 177.8 kilometres (110.5 mi) 46.4% Weston subdivision purchased from CN (Bramalea - Union).[7]
  Barrie 2009-12-15 193.4 kilometres (120.2 mi) 50.5% Remainder of Newmarket subdivision purchased from CN (Davenport Diamond - Union).[8]
    Lakeshore East
Stouffville		 2011-03-30 234.0 kilometres (145.4 mi) 61.1% Kingston subdivision purchased from CN between Union Station and Pickering.[9]
  Kitchener 2011-12-19 61 437.2 kilometres (271.7 mi) 53.5% Service extended to Kitchener. Line renamed.
  Barrie 2012-01-30 62 442.9 kilometres (275.2 mi) 239.7 kilometres (148.9 mi) 54.1% Allandale Waterfront opened.
    Lakeshore West
Richmond Hill		 2012-03-27 300.5 kilometres (186.7 mi) 67.9% Oakville subdivision purchased from CN between Union Station and Fourth Line; Bala subdivision purchased from CN between Union Station and Doncaster Diamond.[10]
  Kitchener 2013-01-07 63 Acton opened.
  Lakeshore West 2013-03-21 313.9 kilometres (195.0 mi) 70.9% Oakville subdivision purchased from CN between Fourth Line and Brant Street.[11]
  Kitchener 2014-09-29 367.1 kilometres (228.1 mi) 82.9% Guelph subdivision purchased from CN between Kitchener and Georgetown.[12]
  Lakeshore West 2015-07-09 64 446.1 kilometres (277.2 mi) 82.3% Service extended to West Harbour.
  Richmond Hill 2016-12-05 65 453.6 kilometres (281.9 mi) 80.9% Service extended to Gormley.
  Barrie 2017-12-30 66 Downsview Park opened.
  Lakeshore West 2019-01-07 68 522.5 kilometres (324.7 mi) 70.3% Service extended to Niagara Falls.

Future extensions
  • Lakeshore East to Bowmanville
  • Lakeshore West to Niagara Falls (Partially open as of January 7, 2019)[13]
  • Richmond Hill to Bloomington

Future lines

Bolton line

GO Transit rail service to Bolton was first proposed by the Ontario government under the MoveOntario 2020 plan in June 2007.[14] It was subsequently carried over to The Big Move, where it was placed on the 15-year plan.[15] In November 2010, Metrolinx completed a feasibility study that focused on utilization of Canadian Pacific Railway's Mactier subdivision, which runs from the West Toronto Diamond in Toronto northward to Bolton. Four different service alternatives were assessed to determine the best method to carry passengers into Toronto from the Mactier subdivision, and the preferred option was to direct trains east-west along CN's Halton subdivision, and north-south again along GO Transit's existing Barrie line. This would provide four new stations in the communities of Woodbridge and Kleinburg in the City of Vaughan, and Bolton in the Town of Caledon, and also use the existing Downsview Park station before terminating at Union.[14]

The feasibility study estimated that minimum infrastructure costs were $160 million for peak direction rush-hour service, and resulting ridership was forecasted to be 2,391, 2,884, and 4,388 in 2015, 2021, and 2031, respectively, in the morning peak period. If service was increased for two-way all-day service, total costs increased to $210 million, and ridership was forecasted to be 6,074, 7,324, and 11,146 in 2015, 2021, and 2031, respectively. Metrolinx determined that the projected ridership did not justify the costs, and downgraded the Bolton line from the 15- to the 25-year plan on February 14, 2013, when amendments were made to The Big Move.[16][17]

Midtown corridor and Peterborough line

The Midtown corridor refers to three new GO Transit services in The Big Move. The first is a Crosstown line from Dundas Street to the former CPR North Toronto and Leaside stations in Toronto. The second and third segments would extend east from North Toronto and/or Union Station: the Seaton line to Seaton, and the Locust Hill line to Locust Hill.[18]

GO Transit has contemplated a Midtown corridor since the 1980s as a contingency plan once capacity at Union Station became constrained, making North Toronto an alternate station for Downtown Toronto. The major barrier to these plans, however, is the fact that the Midtown corridor is composed of existing rail lines owned and actively used by the CPR as its main freight line between Ottawa, Montreal, London and Windsor. CPR has been reluctant to provide capacity to GO Transit on its tracks, and the Milton line (which runs along CPR tracks to the west) only came after considerable negotiations, and an investment of hundreds of millions of dollars.[19]

All three lines in the corridor were listed under the 15-year plan of The Big Move upon its publication in 2008.[18] However, the Havelock line was moved to the 25-year plan on February 14, 2013, because of "very modest ridership potential and significant infrastructure and operational challenges related to the Agincourt rail yards."[20]

Via Rail provided train service to Peterborough until 1990, when service was cancelled. The potential to provide commuter rail service to Peterborough was noted by GO Transit in its 2020 strategic plan, and was also included in The Big Move.[18][21] Metrolinx completed a study for bringing commuter rail service to Peterborough in February 2010. Different routes were explored, all of which use CPR's existing Havelock subdivision between Peterborough and Toronto. Once reaching Toronto, three different routes were explored through the east end, to deal with the same "significant infrastructure and operational challenges related to the Agincourt rail yards" that complicate GO's Havelock line. The study also kept the option open of using either Union Station or North Toronto station as the terminus of the line. Capital costs to upgrading the Havelock subdivision were estimated to be between C$329 and 384 million.[21][20] GO introduced bus service between Peterborough and Oshawa on September 5, 2009.[21]

Operations and procedures

Train operation

Since the founding of GO Transit in 1967, GO trains have operated in push-pull configuration.[22] Each train has a locomotive on one end and a cab control car on the other. In push configuration, the cab car has a complete set of engineer's controls built into it, allowing the engineer to remotely control the locomotive pushing the whole train from the back of the train. This enables trains to travel in either direction without requiring one locomotive on each end.[23]

Crews

All GO trains have a total of three crew members. The conductor and engineer are located in the locomotive or the cab car to operate the vehicle. Another conductor, the Customer Service Ambassador (CSA), is located in the fifth car from the locomotive. The CSA is responsible for opening and closing the train doors and acts as the first responder in case of an emergency on board.[24]

As an exception, crews that operate exclusively on the Milton line may consist only of an engineer and a conductor, who performs the duties usually associated with the CSA.[25]

Door operation

Before closing the doors, the CSA will make an announcement that the doors are closing and will remind passengers to stand clear of the doorways. All cars have a speaker above the doors, which plays a door closing chime in the form of a descending major triad.[26] The chimes are an accessibility feature intended to warn the visually-impaired that the doors are closing.[27]

Announcements

The CSA will announce the next station after the train departs a station and will repeat the announcement when the train arrives at its next station.[24] They will also make other announcements when appropriate. GO Transit trains also have an automated announcement system that announces stations.

Accessibility procedures

When a train arrives at a station, the CSA puts a wheelchair bridge across the gap between the platform and the doorway. This is to allow handicapped passengers to board and exit the train.[24] Each car has a number of accessibility seats provided. If the CSA sees a passenger with a physical disability and there are no accessibility seats available, he could ask that a passenger sitting in one of those seats moves to another area in the train to allow the passenger with a disability to sit in an accessibility seat.[24]

Winter operations

In winter conditions, GO Transit has several procedures in place to ensure that service proceeds smoothly.[28]

Trains are stored near Union Station to so that afternoon and evening trains can travel through less snow. The trains are kept at specific temperatures during storage to speed up engine startup on cold days and to eliminate frozen train doors.[28]

Track switches are at risk of freezing in extreme temperatures, which leads to malfunctions. To prevent weather-related switch problems, fans are used to blow hot air onto track switches to keep them from freezing.[28]

Track snow removal is conducted using high-pressure blower snow removal equipment.[28]

In the event of extremely severe winter conditions, GO trains run on different schedules. Express trains will stop at all stations. The cancellation of train trips may occur,[28] as well as replacing trains with buses.

Summer operations

Operation-related problems due to extreme summer temperatures have been identified and are a concern to railroad equipment. Rail vehicle A/C has to work harder during hot days, which can put stress on A/C systems. GO Transit inspects A/C more frequently during summer.[29]

In extremely hot weather, train tracks can be heated up, which causes them to expand. "Sun kinks",[29] which are when the tracks buckle in hot sunny days, can occur when temperatures are above 30 degrees Celsius for at least 48 hours.[29]

During sun kinks, trains are required to be operated at a reduced speed for safety reasons. Sun kinks are usually fixed during overnight or in the early morning.[29]

Holiday service

On holidays that fall on weekdays, service changes will occur. The following table shows the service type by holiday.[30]

GO Transit holiday service
Service type Holidays
Saturday service
Sunday service
Early homebound service

Service expansion

According to Metrolinx, GO Transit rail service expansion is currently being undertaken and is expected to be complete by 2025.[31] By 2025, GO train service will run from 5 a.m. to 2 a.m. on each line. The following table shows the expected service frequency per line when expansion is complete.

GO Transit expected service frequency, 2025[31]
Line Peak frequency Off-peak frequency
Lakeshore West[32] 15 minutes 60 minutes
Lakeshore East[33] 15 minutes
Milton[34] 15 minutes
Stouffville[35] 20 minutes 60 minutes
Richmond Hill[36] 15–30 minutes
Kitchener[37] 15–60 minutes
Barrie[38] 30 minutes 60 minutes

Start times and service frequency on weekends may vary.

The great majority of Lakeshore West and Lakeshore East trains are through-routed, making it possible to travel between Aldershot and Oshawa without the need to change trains in Toronto.

Rolling stock
See also: GO Transit fleet § Rail

Locomotives

The following table shows the GO Transit locomotive fleet by vehicle type.[39]

GO Transit locomotives[39]
Vehicle Manufacturer Number of

vehicles

F59PH Electro-Motive Diesel 8
MP40PH-3C MotivePower Inc. 67
MP54AC MotivePower Inc. 16

F59PH

The EMD F59PH is the oldest of the three currently active series of locomotives used by GO Transit. They are 3000-horsepower diesel-electric locomotives capable of travelling up to 134 kilometers an hour, and can accelerate a ten-car train from 0 to 100 km/h in about 75 seconds. The F59PH was also the first series of locomotives used by GO Transit that feature dynamic braking, the effectiveness of which was greatly increased to as low as 8 km/h.[40]

The introduction of the first sixteen F59PH series locomotives in 1988 allowed for the retirement of the previously used EMD GP40TC locomotives. Eleven additional locomotives, delivered between 1989 and 1990, replaced the EMD F40PH and some of the EMD GP40-2L(W) locomotives. The remaining GP40-2L(W)s were replaced by fourteen more F59PHs in 1990. Finally, in 1994, six additional F59PHs replaced the EMD GP40U series. By 1994, GO Transit's locomotive fleet consisted of only the F59PH, which allowed easier maintenance.[40]

Despite the fact that the F59PH was designed to last 30 years, the locomotives were less reliable than hoped. In 2009, when the MPI MP40PH-3C series locomotives became available, GO Transit began retiring the F59PH series.[40] In the end, only eight F59PH units remained on the GO Transit roster. These units have been rebuilt for continued service in 2011,[41] but will be replaced by the MPI MP54AC in future years.

MP40PH-3C

The MPI MP40PH-3C is the older of the two currently active series of MotivePower Industries Corporation locomotives used by GO Transit. They are 4000-horsepower locomotives capable of hauling twelve passenger cars, and have a speed of up to 150 km/h. The MP40PH-3C is GO Transit's first series of locomotives capable of supplying power to power a 12-car train all by themselves, as opposed to the F59PH which is slower and can only pull 10 cars.[42]

In 2005, GO Transit contracted with MotivePower to build 27 MP40PH-3C units in order to expand its fleet and replace the existing F59PH locomotives which had been in service for almost 20 years. The first set of MP40PH-3Cs began arriving in late 2007 and operated on the Lakeshore East and West lines, followed by the Milton line.[42]

The new locomotives proved to be powerful and reliable, prompting GO Transit to place an order for an additional set of 20 locomotives. Deliveries of the new set began in late 2009 and continued into 2010. An additional set of ten locomotives was delivered in 2010.[42]

The introduction of the MP40PH-3C allowed GO Transit to retire the older F59PH locomotives. Another ten MP40PH-3C locomotives were purchased later and were delivered in 2013 and 2014 when GO Transit found that additional equipment was required to expand rail service.[42]

MP54AC

The MPI MP54AC is the latest series of locomotives used in the GO Transit rail system. It is a 5400-horsepower locomotive that MPI calls "the most powerful diesel passenger locomotive in North America".[42]

GO Transit was the first customer to use the MP54AC.[42] In 2012, GO Transit MP40PH-3C #647 was sent back to MPI and was converted into an MP54AC. It was returned to GO Transit in 2015.[43] Testing of the converted locomotive was conducted December 12, 2015.

The original plan was to convert ten MP40PH-3Cs into MP54ACs if the first conversion was successful. However, increasing service demands led to the order of sixteen brand new MP54ACs instead. Once delivered, these new MP54ACs would allow for the retirement of the remaining eight F59PH units.[42]

Passenger cars

The following tables shows the GO Transit Bilevel passenger cars.

GO Transit Bilevel passenger cars[39]
Vehicle Manufacturer Number of

vehicles

 Number of

seats

Series I Hawker Siddeley 70 162
Series II Hawker Siddeley 56 162
Series III Can-Car Rail 54 162
Series IV Can-Car Rail 42 162
Series V Can-Car Rail 100 162
Series VI Bombardier 22 133
Series VII Bombardier 85 133
Series VIII Bombardier 155 133 or 151
Series IX Bombardier 169
GO Transit Bilevel cab cars[39]
Vehicle Manufacturer Number of

vehicles

 Number of

seats

Series II Hawker Siddeley 15 161
Series III Can-Car Rail 9 160
Series IV Can-Car Rail 17 160
Series VII Bombardier 9 147
Series VIII Bombardier 7 147
Series IX Bombardier 82

Maintenance and storage

Maintenance facilities

Willowbrook Yard is GO's original rail maintenance facility, covering 18,600 m2 (200,000 sq ft). It is along the Lakeshore West line, directly west of Mimico GO Station, and directly north of Via Rail's Toronto Maintenance Centre. The yard includes four progressive maintenance bays, a locomotive shop, a coach repair shop and storage tracks for 21 trains.[1]

In 2018[44], GO Transit opened the Whitby Rail Maintenance Facility, along the Lakeshore East line. This second rail maintenance facility is 46,000 m2 (500,000 sq ft), more than twice the size of Willowbrook. It includes two progressive maintenance bays, repair shops for 11 coaches and 12 locomotives, two washing stations and storage tracks for 13 trains.[45] The facility was constructed to handle service expansions, which include the GO Transit Regional Express Rail program.[46]

Train layovers
GO Transit Train Layover Facilities
Name Location Coordinates Trains Notes
Allandale GO Station[47] 24 Essa Road, Barrie 44°22′29″N 79°41′19″W 6 New facility added near former CN Allandale Railway station.
North Bathurst Yard 355 Front Street West, Toronto 43°38′32″N 79°23′40″W 7 Originally owned by Canadian National Railways it was transferred to GO in 1980s and opened in 1987.
Bradford GO station[48] 300 Holland Street East, Bradford 44°07′09″N 79°33′27″W 3 Temporary; EA for permanent facility in progress[49]
Don Yard 470 Lake Shore Boulevard East, Toronto 43°39′10″N 79°21′01″W 10
Georgetown GO Station[50] 55 Queen Street, Georgetown 43°39′20″N 79°55′07″W 4
Hamilton GO Centre[51] 36 Hunter Street East, Hamilton 43°15′11″N 79°52′09″W 4
Kitchener (Park Street) 575 King Street East, Kitchener 43°27′11″N 80°30′06″W 2 Previously meant to be replaced by Shirley yard, but both are in use as of January 2019.
Kitchener (Shirley Avenue)[52] 200 Shirley Avenue, Kitchener 43°28′04″N 80°27′26″W 4
Lewis Road Layover Lewis Road, Hamilton 43°12′59″N 79°39′10″W 4
Lincolnville GO Station[53] 6840 Bethesda Road, Stouffville 43°59′41″N 79°14′04″W 6 GO Transit Stouffville Yard, consists of 6 tracks
Milton Yard 7374 5th Line, Milton 43°32′25″N 79°50′40″W 10
UP Express Storage Track[54] 175 City View Drive, Toronto 43°42′20″N 79°35′20″W 1 For use by UP Express.
Whitby Layover Yard 1300 Henry Street, Whitby 43°51′59″N 78°56′51″W 3
gollark: I doubt it, bees are self-replicating.
gollark: https://www.reddit.com/r/bees/comments/5kf5lz/urgent_what_is_the_volume_of_10000_western_honey/ seems to have some information, though.
gollark: This random website says bees weigh about 0.1g, but Wikipedia only provides information on bee length, not volume.
gollark: Bees probably compress quite well, I'd think.
gollark: Interesting question. All the search results I can find after about five seconds looking are for beeswax, which is of course a less interesting question.

References
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  9. Metrolinx acquires key commuter-rail segment of CN's Kingston Subdivision east of Toronto Union Station
  10. CN sells Greater Toronto Area rail lines to Metrolinx for GO Transit services
  11. CN sells Oakville-Burlington, Ont., line segment to Metrolinx for GO Transit commuter rail service
  12. CN sells Georgetown-Kitchener, Ont., rail line to Metrolinx for GO Transit commuter rail service
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General references

Bibliography
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