Cornelius P. Van Ness

Cornelius Peter Van Ness (January 26, 1782 – December 15, 1852) was an American politician and diplomat who served as the 10th Governor of Vermont from 1823 to 1836 and Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Kingdom of Spain from 1829 to 1836. Van Ness was a Democratic-Republican and later a Democrat.[1]

Cornelius P. Van Ness
Collector of the Port of New York
In office 1844–1845
President	John Tyler
Preceded by	Edward Curtis
Succeeded by	Cornelius Lawrence
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Kingdom of Spain
In office December 9, 1829 – December 21, 1836
Appointed by	Andrew Jackson
Preceded by	Alexander Hill Everett
Succeeded by	William T. Barry (died en route to Spain) John Eaton (next to act as Ambassador)
10th Governor of Vermont
In office October 10, 1823 – October 13, 1826
Lieutenant	Aaron Leland
Preceded by	Richard Skinner
Succeeded by	Ezra Butler
United States Attorney for the District of Vermont
In office 1810–1813
President	James Madison
Preceded by	David Fay
Succeeded by	Titus Hutchinson
Personal details
Born	Cornelius Peter Van Ness (1782-01-26)January 26, 1782 Kinderhook, New York
Died	December 15, 1852(1852-12-15) (aged 70) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Nationality	American
Political party	Democratic-Republican Democratic
Spouse(s)	Rhoda Savage Magdalena Allus
Education	Washington Seminary
Profession	Lawyer, judge, politician

Early life

Van Ness was born in Kinderhook, New York on January 26, 1782 to a family of Dutch Americans.[2] His father was Judge Peter Van Ness (1734–1804), who owned most of the land which President Martin Van Buren later purchased for construction of the Lindenwald estate. Cornelius Van Ness was the brother of William P. Van Ness and John Peter Van Ness.

Career

Cornelius Van Ness attended Washington Seminary, and in 1800 he began to study at his brother William's law office in New York City at the same time as Martin Van Buren. Van Ness was admitted to the bar four years later, and moved to St. Albans, Vermont in 1806. He relocated to Burlington, Vermont in 1809 when he was appointed United States district attorney for the district of Vermont. He was made collector of customs for the district of Vermont in 1813 and in 1816 President James Madison named Van Ness one of the federal commissioners who negotiated with commissioners from Great Britain to settle the northeastern boundary between the United States and Canada.

Initially a member of the Democratic-Republican Party and later a Democrat, he was elected to the Vermont House of Representatives in 1818. He served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Vermont from 1821 to 1823. In 1823 he became Governor of Vermont. After being twice re-elected, in 1826 he declined re-election and went back to practicing law until 1829 when he became envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to the court of Spain. William T. Barry was appointed to the post in April, 1835, but died in Liverpool on August 30, without assuming his duties in Spain. President Jackson then appointed John H. Eaton, and Van Ness departed on December 21, 1836.[3]

From 1844 to 1845 Van Ness was Collector of the Port of New York.[4]

Personal life

He married twice. His first wife was Rhoda Savage (d. 1834) of Chatham, New York, with whom he had five children.[5][6] She died in 1834 while her husband was Minister to Spain.[7] Cornelius Van Ness later married a Spanish woman, Madalena (or Magdalena) Allus, who survived him.[8][9] Madalena Van Ness later filed a claim with Congress to reimburse the Van Ness family for fees Van Ness had not collected while he was Collector of Customs for Vermont during the War of 1812.[10] His children with Rhoda were:

• Marcia Van Ness (1807–1881), who married William Gore Ouseley (1797–1866), the British diplomat, in 1827.[11]
• James Van Ness (1808–1872), who became Mayor of San Francisco, and who married Caroline Frances James Lesley (1808–1858).[12]
• Cornelia Van Ness (1810–1876), who married James I. Roosevelt (1795–1875), a member of the U.S. House of Representatives.[13]
• Cornelius Van Ness (1812–1842)
• George Van Ness (1817–1855)

Van Ness died at the Girard House hotel in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on December 15, 1852 and is interred in Van Ness Mausoleum with his brother John P. Van Ness. The mausoleum originally stood on H Street, and was later moved to Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.[14]

References

1. TheUS50.com. List of Vermont State Governors.
2. "Kinderhook, New York". City-Data.com. Retrieved July 23, 2014.
3. The Political Graveyard. Entry for "Van Ness, Cornelius Peter".
4. Newspaper article, The New York Custom House, Brooklyn Union-Argus, July 21, 1879, transcribed for the Brooklyn Genealogy web site by Kathy Jost-Shouse
5. James T. White, The National Cyclopedia of American Biography, Volume VIII, 1898, page 316
6. Neil Broadhurst, The Savage Family of Shefford, 1992, page 100
7. Neil Broadhurst, The Savage family of Shefford, 1992, page 100
8. Robert Sobel, John Raimo, Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States, 1789–1978, Volume 4, 1978, page 1567
9. Lewis Historical Publishing Co., Baltimore: Biography, 1912, page 533
10. Congressional Globe, Madalena Van Ness, July 22, 1848, page 1848
11. Salmon Portland Chase, John Niven, The Salmon P. Chase Papers: Correspondence, 1823-1857, 1995, Page 27
12. William Arba Ellis, Norwich University, 1819–1911, Volume 2, 1911, page 245
13. Charles Barney Whittelsey, The Roosevelt Genealogy, 1649–1902, 1902, page 51
14. The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography, by James Terry White, Volume 8, 1898, page 316

External links

• National Governors Association
• The Political Graveyard
• Cornelius P. Van Ness at Find a Grave

Party political offices
Preceded by Richard Skinner	Democratic-Republican nominee for Governor of Vermont 1823, 1824, 1825	Succeeded by None
Legal offices
Preceded by David Fay	United States Attorney for the District of Vermont 1810-1813	Succeeded by Titus Hutchinson
Political offices
Preceded by Richard Skinner	Governor of Vermont 1823-1826	Succeeded by Ezra Butler
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Alexander H. Everett	U.S. Minister to Spain 1829–1836	Succeeded by William T. Barry
Government offices
Preceded by Edward Curtis	Collector of the Port of New York 1844–1845	Succeeded by Cornelius Lawrence