Casio

Casio Computer Co., Ltd. (カシオ計算機株式会社, Kashio Keisanki Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese multinational consumer electronics and commercial electronics manufacturing company headquartered in Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan. Its products include calculators, mobile phones, digital cameras, electronic musical instruments, and analogue and digital watches. It was founded in 1946, and in 1957 introduced the world's first entirely electric compact calculator. It was an early digital camera innovator, and during the 1980s and 1990s, the company developed numerous affordable home electronic keyboards for musicians along with introducing the world's first mass-produced digital watches.

Not to be confused with Casino.
Casio Computer Co., Ltd.
カシオ計算機株式会社
Public (K.K)
Traded asTYO: 6952
ISINJP3209000003 
IndustryConsumer electronics
FoundedApril 1946 (1946-04) (as Kashio Seisakujo)[1]
June 1957 (1957-06) (as Casio Computer Co., Ltd.)
FounderTadao Kashio
HeadquartersShibuya, Tokyo, Japan[2]
Key people
Kazuhiro Kashio (President and CEO)
Products
Revenue¥314.7 billion (2018)[3]
¥22,459 million (2018)[4]
Number of employees
11,868 (2019)[2]
Websiteworld.casio.com

History

Casio was established as Kashio Seisakujo in April 1946 by Tadao Kashio (樫尾忠雄 1917–1993), an engineer specializing in fabrication technology.[1] Kashio's first major product was the yubiwa pipe, a finger ring that would hold a cigarette, allowing the wearer to smoke the cigarette down to its nub while also leaving the wearer's hands-free.[5] Japan was impoverished immediately following World War II, so cigarettes were valuable, and the invention was a success.

After seeing the electric calculators at the first Business Show in Ginza, Tokyo in 1949, Kashio and his younger brothers (Toshio, Kazuo, and Yukio) used their profits from the yubiwa pipe to develop their calculators. Most of the calculators at that time worked using gears and could be operated by hand using a crank or using a motor (see adding machine).

Toshio possessed some knowledge of electronics and set out to make a calculator using solenoids. The desk-sized calculator was finished in 1954 and was Japan's first electro-mechanical calculator. One of the central and more important innovations of the calculator was its adoption of the 10-key number pad; at that time other calculators were using a "full keypad", which meant that each place in the number (1s, 10s, 100s, etc ...) had nine keys. Another distinguishing innovation was the use of a single display window instead of the three display windows (one for each argument and one for the answer) used in other calculators.[1][6]

Casio Computer Co., Ltd. was formed in June 1957.[1] That year, Casio released the Model 14-A, sold for 485,000 yen,[7] the world's first all-electric compact calculator, which was based on relay technology.

In the 1980s, Casio's budget electronic instruments and its line of affordable home electronic musical keyboard instruments became popular. The company also became well known for the wide variety and innovation of its wristwatches. It was one of the earliest manufacturers of quartz watches, both digital and analog. It also began selling calculator watches during this time. Casio also introduced one of the first watches that could display the time in many different time zones of the world and with features like recording temperature, atmospheric-pressure and altitude. In the later years, Casio's wristwatches were fitted with receivers to synchronise with radio towers around the world and Global Positioning System for timekeeping accuracy.

A number of notable digital camera innovations have also been made by Casio, including the QV-10, the first consumer digital camera with a liquid-crystal display (LCD) on the back[8] (developed by a team led by Hiroyuki Suetaka in 1995), the first consumer three-megapixel camera, the first true ultra-compact model, and the first digital camera to incorporate ceramic lens technology, using Lumicera.[9]

Price fixing

In July 2019, the company's UK arm, Casio Electronics Co. Ltd , was fined £3.7 million after admitting resale price maintenance (a form of price-fixing) between 2013 and 2018, in breach of the United Kingdom's Competition Act 1998.[10][11]

Products

Casio's products include watches, calculators, electronic keyboards and other digital products such as digital cameras (Exilim series), film cameras, cash registers, laptops and sub-notebook computers, mobile phones, PDAs (E-Data Bank), electronic dictionaries, digital diaries (early PDAs), electronic games, computer printers, clocks, and portable televisions.

In the 1970s and 80s, Casio was best known for its electronic (including scientific) calculators, electronic musical instruments and affordable digital watches incorporating innovative technology. Today, Casio is most commonly known for making durable and reliable electronic products.[8] The G-Shock range of shock-resistant watches is also very popular, with the original 1983 G-Shock DW-5000C being highly sought-after by collectors. The scientific calculators made by Casio especially the CLASSWIZ series of calculators are known for being affordable while incorporating a host of functions as compared to their competitors.[12]

Casio also makes products for local markets, including "Prayer Compass" watch series designed to help Muslims pray on time and in the right direction.[13]

Calculators

Scientific calculators
Casio fx-991EX "CLASSWIZ" scientific calculator

Casio calculators include:

  • Graphing
  • Programming
    • fx-5800P, 3950P, fx-3650P, 50F Plus (2000s)
    • fx-4500PA, 4500P
    • fx-5500LA, 5500L
    • fx-3900PV, 3900P (1990s)
    • fx-4800P
    • fx-3600P (1980s)
    • fx-4000P, 3500P, 3800P, fx-5000F, 50F (late 1980s)
    • FX-850P
    • FX-702P (ca. 1981)
    • FX-603P, FX-602P (1981)
    • fx-180P, 390PV (Program) (early 1980s), fx-180PV,
    • FX-502P, 501P (ca. 1979)
  • Professional
    • fx-FD10 Pro (2014) (Surveying calculator for civil engineering)
  • V.P.A.M. (See: Casio V.P.A.M. calculators)
    • CLASSWIZ (High-resolution Natural Textbook Display)
    • "Natural V.P.A.M."
    • "Natural Display"
    • S-V.P.A.M. / Two-line, Multi-replay
  • LCD (One-line)
    • fx-65 (True fraction) (mid 1990s)
    • fx-95 (equation) (mid 1990s)
    • fx-991D, 570D, 115D, 100D (early-mid 1990s)
    • fx-82D, 250D, 82LB, 82SUPER, 82SX, 82SOLAR (early 1990s)
    • fx-992V, 992VB, 991V, 115V, 85V; fx-991H, 911H (early 1990s)
    • fx-991N, 911N, 115N, 85N; fx-250C, fx-570C (late 1980s)
    • fx-991M, 115M, 85M; fx-451M,(mid-late 1980s)
    • fx-650M; fx-580; fx-100C, 82C (mid-late 1980s)
    • fx-570, 100, 350, 77 (early-mid 1980s)
    • fx-82, 82B, 82L, fx-58 (early 1980s)
    • fx-2000, 2200, 2500, fx-48(late 1970s)
  • VFD (Digitron) display
    • fx-1, 2, 3 (desk); fx-10 (handheld) (early-mid 1970s), used MSI (medium scale integration)
    • fx-11, 15, 20, 101, 17, 19, 102, 1000, PRO fx-1, PRO-101, (mid-1970s)
    • fx-21, 29, 31, 39, 120, 140 (mid-late 1970s)
    • fx-201P, 202P (Program) (mid 1970s)

Basic calculators
  • LCD display
    • Desk calculators
      • DS-3TS, DH-160, DV-220, DJ-240D, DJ-120D, MJ-120D, MW-8V (2000s)
    • Pocket calculators
      • JS-140TVS, NJ-120D, SL-1000TW, HL-122TV (2000s)
      • HL-810 (1985)
      • SL-800 (FILM CARD) (1983)
      • LC-78 (MINI-CARD) (1978)
    • Printing calculators
      • HR-100TM, DR-210TM (2000s)
  • VFD (Digitron) / LED display
    • Desktop calculators
      • AL-1000 (1967)
    • Pocket calculators (1970s)
      • CM-601 (MINI)
      • CM-606 (Personal MINI)
      • 101-MR
      • Y-811 (Memory-8R)
      • AL-8 (with fraction input)
      • H-813 (Personal M-1)
      • CQ-1 (with clock function)

Watches
Casio G-Shock Rangeman watch

Casio watches include:

  • G-Shock
  • Lineage
  • Oceanus
  • Edifice
  • Wave Ceptor
  • Databank
  • Sheen
  • Youth Series[14]
    • Classic
      • W-96H
      • W-210H
      • W-213H
      • W-216H
      • W-218H
      • W-800H
      • HDD-600G
      • F-200W
    • World time
      • AE-500W
      • AE-1000W
      • AE-1100W
      • AE-1200WH
      • AE-1400WH
      • AE-2000W
      • AE-2100W
      • AE-3000W
    • Multiple timers
      • AE-1300W
    • Stopwatch lap memory
      • W-734
    • Vibration alarm
      • W-735H
      • W-736H
  • Prayer compass
    • CPA-100
    • CPW-500HD
  • Pro-Trek
    • PRG-60-T
    • PRG-240
    • PRG-600
    • PRW-6100Y-1DR
    • WSD-F200-RG
  • Classic
    • F-91W
    • A158W
    • A159W
    • A168W
    • A178W
    • LA680
    • B640
    • W59

Musical instruments
Main article: List of Casio keyboards
  • Electronic Musical Instruments (Casiotone keyboards, Privia, Celviano, etc.)
    • Keyboards
      • Casiotone
        • Original Casiotones (1980-1983)
        • CT Series (1984 onwards)
        • ToneBank CT Series (late 1980s-1990s)
        • CTK/WK Series Standard (1990–present)
        • CTK/WK Series High-Grade (2003–present)
        • CT-X Series (2018–present)
      • CZ Series synthesizers
      • FZ-1 Sampling Synthesizer
      • M Series mini keyboards
      • PT-80 (monophonic, eight patches, mid-1980s)[15]
      • PD-Synthesizer
      • VL 1 Synthesizer
      • LK Series Key Lighting (1997–present)
      • XW Synthesizers (2013)
      • SA Series (mini keyboards)
      • MZ-X performance arrangers (2016–present)
    • Other instruments
    • Digital Pianos
      • Privia (2005–present)
      • Privia Pro Stage (2012–present)
      • Celviano (2007–present)
      • Celviano Hybrid/Grand Hybrid (2015)
      • CDP Compact Series (2008–present)
    • MIDI sound modules
      • CSM-1, CSM-10P, GZ-50M

Other

Digital cameras

  • QV-Series
  • WQV-Series
  • EX-Series (Exilim)
  • TRYX

PDA/DataBank

Electronic dictionary

  • EX-word-Series

Electronic games

  • CG-Series

Data and video projector

  • XJ-S (Super Slim-Projectors)

System products

  • POS systems
  • Portable data terminals

Printing systems

  • CD label printer
  • Label printer

Mobile Phones

  • G'zOne Type-L
  • G'zOne Commando
  • G'zOne CA-201L

Digital diaries (early PDA's: no longer produced)

Game Consoles

Computers

CP/M and Z80 Based:

DOS and x86 Based:

gollark: Because it is! It mostly works fine!
gollark: People talk a lot about how terrible capitalism is, and then generally just... ignore the possibility of charity.
gollark: The market system (roughly) satisfies people's values, and apparently most people's actual values don't include giving up anything to help people they don't directly interact with.
gollark: Well, yes, it isn't perfect, through broadly speaking I think stuff like people not getting food is more down to people not caring than the structure of society.
gollark: And yet we have a mostly functioning system which produces mostly enough food, and is able to make the mind-breakingly complex supply chains for that food work.

See also

References
  1. "History". Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
  2. "Company Data". Casio. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  3. "CASIO Annual Report 2018" (PDF). CASIO. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  4. "CASIO Annual Report 2017" (PDF). CASIO. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
  5. "CASIO Corporate History 1954". CASIO-Europe. CASIO Europe GmbH. Archived from the original on 19 February 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  6. "Tadao Kashio Biography: History of Casio Computer Company".
  7. Casio desktop calculator Archived 12 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine by Dentaku Museum.
  8. Review: Casio:History
  9. "Casio's ceramic lens". DPReview.
  10. Kollewe, Julia (22 January 2020). "Guitar maker Fender fined £4.5m for price fixing in UK". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
  11. "Piano supplier fined £3.7m for illegally preventing price discounts". Competition and Markets Authority. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
  12. "Casio CLASSWIZ FX-991EX Full Review". Retrieved 25 February 2019.
  13. "PRAYER COMPASS". Casio. Archived from the original on 16 March 2015. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
  14. "YOUTH DIGITAL | YOUTH SERIES | Timepieces | CASIO". CASIO Official Website.
  15. "Casio PT-80". Synthmuseum. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
  16. "OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum". www.old-computers.com. Archived from the original on 2010-06-06. Retrieved 2019-07-03.
  17. "The Museum". old-computers.com. Archived from the original on 2010-11-21. Retrieved 2016-09-27.
  18. "The Museum". old-computers.com. Archived from the original on 2010-11-21. Retrieved 2016-09-27.
  19. "The Museum". old-computers.com. Archived from the original on 2010-11-21. Retrieved 2016-09-27.
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